Read the following passage carefully and answer all the questions which follow.

Cholera is a very dangerous disease which can kill many people within a short time. Indeed, it has ruined several communities particularly in the developing countries. It must therefore be prevented at all cost.

The disease is general spread by germs which thrive in filthy and unhygienic areas. There could be an outbreak of cholera when drinking water becomes polluted by floods after a downpour. Human carriers also cause the disease to spread from place to place. For example, a person carrying the cholera germs would vomit or pass frequent stools. Flies would then carry the germs on their hairy legs and deposit them on exposed food or in water. When a person eats this contaminated food or drinks the polluted water, he or she is likely to contract the disease unknowingly.

On the whole, the main symptoms of cholera are severe diarrhoea and vomiting, which may result in loss of weight. The stool tends to be watery. As a lot of fluid is lost from the body, the patient quickly becomes dehydrated, thin and weak. The rapid loss of body fluid can soon result in death, unless the lost fluid is replaced immediately.

The first thing for the patient to do is replenish as much fluid as is lost by taking, from time to time, boiled water which has been allowed to cool and mixed with salt and sugar. Then, he should seek medical attention.

(a) Where do cholera germs usually breed?

(b) Mention the two main carriers of cholera germs.

(c)I. State the two signs of cholera.

II. Give one effect of the disease.

(d) What advice does the writer give to the cholera patient?

(e) Explain the following expressions in your own words:

I. it has ruined several communities;

II. at all cost;

III. after a downpour.

(f) For each of the following words, give another word or phrase that means the same and can fit into the passage:

I. thrive;

II. deposit;

III. rapid;

IV. replenish;

V. seek.

Write an article for publication in one of the national newspapers on the topic: The usefulness of the mobile phone.

Read the following passage carefully and answer all the questions which follow.

Friends are meant to help each other when the need arises. At school, some people develop friendly relationships which continue throughout their lives. One thing which helps people to stay together as intimate friends is the ability to communicate freely among themselves and endeavour to be each other's keeper. What destroys friendships mostly is friends being suspicious of each other. That is why a popular adage says, "Suspicious is the bane of friendship".

People attend school not only because they want to make friends but also to acquire knowledge and skills for employment. Education helps people to be polished in their manners. The school prepares its students to become useful citizens.

At school, Tono was not in good books of the teachers because he behaved in an unruly manner. Initially, everyone avoided his company; he could be violent at times. Worst of all, he would refuse todo his assignment and was a habitual late comer. With the passage of time, he was subjected to strict discipline. He began to amend his ways and obey the school's rules and regulation. He realised the need to work diligently in order to have a bright future. His academic work there improved by leaps and bounds.

Fortune separated us. I travelled abroad for further studies. I stay away for two decades. On my return, I went to my former school for my certificate. There, I met a middle-age gentleman who also came to the office for the same purpose. I could not recognize him because time had wiped off all memories of school life. However, the names on the certificates revealed that we were classmates.

After further discussion, Tono invited me to his business partner.

(a)I. State one thing which helps people to be close.

(a)II. How can friendships get destroyed?

(b) Give two reasons why people go to school.

(c)I. Why did people avoid Tono's company?

(c)II. State Tono's reason for visiting his former school.

(d) Why could the writer not recognise Tono?

(e) Explain in your own words the following expressions as used in the passage:

(i) was not in the good books of the teachers;

(ii) with the passage of time;

(iii) by leaps and bounds.

(f) For each of the following words, give another word of a phrase that means the same, and can fit into the passage:

(i) intimate;

(ii) adage;

(iii) acquire;

(iv) polished;

(v) initially.

Describe your favourite teacher.

You suddenly woke up when you heard someone shouting "Help! Help!" Describe what you saw when you rushed out.