KUULCHAT
SCIENCE MOCK
OBJECTIVE TEST
1.
Which of the following ions is formed by the loss of 2 electrons?
A.
Ca2+
B.
S2-
C.
K+
D.
F-
Answer: A
Cations are positively charged and they lose electrons. The number of positive charges in the superscript indicates the number of electrons lost. Calcium (Ca) has 2 positive charges which indicates the lost of 2 electrons.
2.
The instrument that can be used to measure accurately the mass of a substance is
A.
bean balance.
B.
spring balance.
C.
eureka can.
D.
measuring cylinder.
Answer: A
Mass is always measured using a beam balance. A spring balance gives different readings at different places on earth because it measures the weight not mass.
3.
The heavenly body that produces and emits its own light is
A.
Mars.
B.
meteorite.
C.
the moon.
D.
the sun.
E.
Venus.
Answer: D
4.
The work done when a force moves a body through a distance of 12 m is 720 J. The force applied is
A.
8640 N.
B.
732 N.
C.
708 N.
D.
60 N.
Answer: D
5.
The instrument used to measure current in an electric circuit is the
A.
ammeter.
B.
anemometer.
C.
barometer.
D.
thermometer.
E.
voltmeter
Answer: A
Ammeter: Current
Anemometer: Wind speed
Barometer: Atmospheric pressure
Thermometer: Temperature
Voltmeter: Voltage/Potential Difference
6.
Which of the following practices encourages soil erosion?
A.
Planting cover crops
B.
Mulching
C.
Contour ridging
D.
Crop rotation
E.
Ploughing along the slope
Answer: E
7.
Am example of soil micro-nutrients is
A.
copper.
B.
calcium.
C.
phosphorus.
D.
potassium.
Answer: A
8.
Which of the folloeing substances are carried by the blood?
I. Nutrients
II. Urine
III. Oxygen
IV. Carbon dioxide
A.
II and III only
B.
I, II and IV only
C.
I and III only
D.
I, III and IV only
Answer: D
9.
A clear solution of sugar was cooled from 100oC to 25oC. Some solid sugar was seen to have formed out of the solution after the cooling. This shows that sugar
A.
does not dissolve in cold water.
B.
does not dissolve in hot water.
C.
dissolves more in hot water than in cold water.
D.
dissolves more in cold water than in hot water.
Answer: C
10.
All the following add nitrates to the soil except
A.
Okro
B.
Broad beans
C.
French beans
D.
Groundnuts
E.
Pigeon pea
Answer: A
11.
The skin is made up of
A.
One layer
B.
Two layers
C.
Three layers
D.
Four layers
E.
Six layers
Answer: B
12.
The air pressure at great heights can be measured with
A.
A thermometer
B.
An anemometer
C.
A barometer
D.
A hydrometer
E.
A hygrometer
Answer: C
13.
An organism living on another organism and causing harm to it is referred to as a
A.
host
B.
parasite
C.
producer
D.
consumer
E.
vector
Answer: B
14.
The most productive soil in agriculture is
A.
clayey soil
B.
loamy soil
C.
sandy soil
D.
humus
E.
silt
Answer: B
15.
The part of the flower that contains nectar is called
A.
anther.
B.
petal.
C.
ovary.
D.
sepal.
Answer: A
16.
Blood circulates to all parts of the human body with the help of the
A.
heart.
B.
kidney.
C.
lungs.
D.
liver.
Answer: A
17.
The volume of water in a container rises when a piece of stone is put into the container. The change in the
volume of water is equal to the
A.
mass of the container
B.
mass of the stone
C.
density of the stone
D.
density of the water
E.
volume of the stone
Answer: E
18.
The process by which metabolic wastes are removed from the body is called
A.
respiration
B.
excretion
C.
ingestion
D.
egestion
Answer: B
Excretion involves the separation and elimination of metabolic waste products from the body. Various organs are involved in this process: the lungs, gills, skin, etc. The kidneys and their ducts are the major full-time excretory organs and comprise the excretory system.
19.
The process by which heat travels along a metal is called
A.
convection.
B.
conduction.
C.
expansion.
D.
radiation.
Answer: B
20.
Which of the following is not an example of matter?
A.
Hydrogen
B.
Oxygen
C.
Light
D.
Water
E.
Charcoal
Answer: C
21.
The energy transformation that takes place in a car battery is
A.
electrical energy → chemical energy → light energy
B.
chemical energy → light energy → electrical energy
C.
chemical energy → electrical energy → light energy
D.
electrical energy → light energy → chemical energy
Answer: C
22.
Which of the following substances is a solid-gas mixture?
A.
Lather
B.
Bronze
C.
Steel
D.
Smoke
Answer: D
23.
Which of the following statements best describes the term green economy? It includes
A.
reduced ecological services.
B.
loss of biodiversity.
C.
reduced carbon emissions.
D.
degrading the environment.
Answer: C
A green economy is defined as low carbon, resource efficient and socially inclusive. In a green economy, growth in employment and income are driven by public and private investment into such economic activities, infrastructure and assets that allow reduced carbon emissions and pollution, enhanced energy and resource efficiency, and prevention of the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services.
24.
Which of the following processes is used separate insoluble solids from liquids?
A.
Sublimation
B.
Filtration
C.
Evaporation
D.
Crystallization
Answer: B
25.
Which of the following planets are closer to the sun than the Earth?
A.
Venus and Mars
B.
Venus and Mercury
C.
Mercury and Mars
D.
Venus and Saturn
Answer: B
Venus and Mercury are more closer to the sun, Mars & Saturn are far away from the sun but more closer to the Earth
26.
Nitrogen deficiency in soils causes
A.
poor seed formation.
B.
yellowing of leaves.
C.
purple colouration.
D.
fruit drop.
Answer: B
Slow growth and uniform yellowing of older leaves are usually the first symptoms of nitrogen (N) deficiency. Nitrogen-deficient plants produce smaller than normal fruit, leaves, and shoots.
27.
Gold is usually used to make jewellery because it is
A.
precious.
B.
expensive.
C.
less reactive with air.
D.
a good conductor of heat.
Answer: C
28.
Which of the following methods is/are used for preserving fish?
I. Canning
II. Frying
III. Smoking
A.
I only
B.
I and II only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II and III
Answer: D
29.
Which of these methods is used to separate insoluble solids from liquids?
A.
Distillation
B.
Evaporation
C.
Filtration
D.
Winnowing
Answer: C
You simply filter the liquid from the solid.
30.
The relative proportion of sand, silt and clay in a given sample of soil is soil
A.
profile.
B.
porosity.
C.
structure.
D.
texture.
Answer: D
31.
How much work is done when a kerosene tin is pushed with a force of 20 N through a distance of 2 m?
A.
0.01 J
B.
0.10 J
C.
10.0 J
D.
20.0 J
E.
40.0 J
Answer: E
Work done = Force x Distance
Force = 20 N
Distance = 2 m
Work done = 20 N x 2 m = 40 J
32.
Plants do not grow well in gravel because the
A.
air spaces are too big to hold water.
B.
air spaces are too small for the roots.
C.
particles cannot absorb air.
D.
particles cannot contain nutrients.
Answer: D
33.
A torchlight derives its energy from
A.
petrol
B.
kerosene
C.
a magnet
D.
gas oil
E.
a dry cell
Answer: E
34.
A safety device which opens an electric circuit to prevent too much current from passing through the circuit is the
A.
earth wire.
B.
lightning conductor.
C.
fuse.
D.
switch.
Answer: C
35.
Which of the following characteristics are common to all living things?
I. Response to stimuli.
II. Respiration
III. Movement from place to place
IV. Grow
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
I, II and III only
D.
I, II and IV only
Answer: D
36.
The sun, the heavenly bodies and the planets form the
A.
atmosphere
B.
galaxy
C.
milky way
D.
solar system
E.
universe
Answer: D
37.
The transfer of heat from the bottom to the top of a beaker containing water is by
A.
absorption.
B.
conduction.
C.
convection
D.
radiation
Answer: C
38.
Which of the following metals will produce a gas when placed in lime juice?
A.
Copper
B.
Lead
C.
Magnesium
D.
Silver
Answer: C
39.
A drawing of magnetic line of force provides information on the
A.
source of the field.
B.
type of magnet.
C.
strength of the field.
D.
length of the magnet.
Answer: A
40.
The following effects are as a result of soil erosion except
A.
increase in bushfires.
B.
weakening support of plants.
C.
loss of important minerals to plants.
D.
weakening of support of buildings.
Answer: A
THEORY QUESTIONS
1.
(a)
Define the following terms and give an example each
(i)
Herbivore
(ii)
Carnivore
(iii)
Omnivore
(b)
Two dry cells connected in parallel are in turn connected in series with a bulb and switch.
Draw a circuit diagram to illustrate this arrangement.
(c)
List four garden tools
(d)
What property of water causes mosquito larvae to float on it?
(e)
Describe an experiment you prepared to show that some part of air is used in burning.
(a)
(i)
Herbivore is an animal that feeds on plants only
Examples: Goat, rabbit, sheep, deer, cow, elephant, giraffe, horse
(ii)
Carnivore is an animal that feeds on the flesh of other animals only
Examples: Lion, wolf, leopard, hyena, polar bear, cat, cheetah, giant panda, felidae, tiger, sharks, venus fly trap
(iii)
Omnivore is an animal that feeds on both plants and animals
Examples: Man, bears, birds, dog, raccoons, fox, certain insects
(b)
(c)
List of garden tools
1. Cutlass
2. Hoe
3. Rake
4. Axe
5. A pair of secateurs
6. Garden fork/digging fork/foot fork
7. Spade
8. Hand trowel
9. Hand fork
10. Watering can
11. Garden shears
(d)
Surface tension
(e)
An experiment to show that some part of air is used in burning
1. Two candles are lighted simultaneously
2. Glass jar is mounted on one of the candles
3. It is observed that after a while, the candle under the inverted glass jar went off because it was no longer supplied with air whiles the other candle without the inverted glass jar kept on burning
4. It can be concluded that some part of air is used in burning
2.
(a)
(i)
What is pollution?
(ii)
Name two types of pollution. For each type, give one pollutant and its source.
(b)
(i)
Explain the term vegetative reproduction.
(ii)
Give any two examples of plants that reproduce vegetatively.
(c)
(i)
List the parts of an atom and show the electrical charges of each of the parts.
(ii)
Explain the term work.
(iii)
Distinguish between heat and temperature and give their units.
(a)
(i)
Pollution is the release of toxic/harmful/poisonous substances into the environment.
(ii)
Types of pollution
| Types of pollution | Pollutant | Source |
| Water pollution | Untreated waste discharged into water | Industries |
| Air pollution | Carbon monoxide
Smoke |
Car exhaust |
| Land pollution | Scrap metal containers
Bottles |
Industries
Homes |
(b)
(i)
Vegetative reproduction is a form of reproduction whereby plants produce young ones from growing parts/buds of the parent plant.
(ii)
Examples of plants that reproduce vegetatively
1. Potato
2. Yam
3. Cocoyam
4. Canna lily
5. Onion
6. Plantain
7. Banana
8. Ginger
9. Pineapple
10. Bryophyllum
11. Sugar cane
12. Cassava
13. Fern
14. Elephant grass
15. Tiger nuts
16. Garlic
(c)
(i)
Parts of an atom and their electrical charges
| Part | Charge |
| Proton | + |
| Electron | -1 |
| Neutron | 0 |
(ii)
Work is said to be done when the point of application of a force moves an object through a distance in the direction of the force.
OR
Work is said to be done when a force moves a body through a distance in the direction of the force.
OR
Work is the product of force and the distance moved in the direction of the force.
OR
Work = Force x distance moved in the direction of the force
(iii)
Differences between heat and temperature
Heat is the energy which causes rise in temperature of bodies while temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of a body.
The unit of heat is joules and temperature is kelvin or degree celsius
3.
(a)
A child is found not to be able to see at night
(i)
What deficiency disease may the child be suffering from?
(ii)
What food nutrient is the child lacking?
(iii)
List two sources of food substances that can provide the nutrient the child lacks.
(b)
(i)
What is an atom?
(ii)
Name the components of an atom which determines each of the following quantities.
(α)
mass of an atom
(β)
charge of an atom
(iii)
Why is an atom electrically neutral?
(c)
(i)
What is friction?
(ii)
Give two bad effects of friction.
(iii)
Give two situations where friction is an advantage.
(a)
(i)
Night blindness
(ii)
Vitamin A
(iii)
Sources of vitamin A food substances
1. Palm oil
2. Mangoes
3. Liver
4. Milk
5. Fish
6. Green vegetables
7. Tomatoes
8. Carrots
9. Codliver oil/animal fat
10. Eggs
11. Butter
12. Goat cheese
13. Cereals
(b)
(i)
An atom is the smallest part of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction.
OR
An atom is the basic unit of an element.
(ii)
Components of an atom which determines:
(α)
Mass of an atom
Proton and neutrons
(β)
Charge of an atom
Protons and electrons
(iii)
An atom is electrically neutral because the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons and so they cancel out/balance/make net charge equal to zero.
OR
An atom is electrically neutral because the total number of positive charge is equal to the total number of negative charge and so they cancel out/balance/make net charge equal to zero.
(c)
(i)
Friction is the force that opposes the relative (sliding) motion between two surfaces in contact with one another.
(ii)
Bad effects/Disadvantages of friction
1. It causes wear and tear
2. It generates heat in machine parts
3. Opposes motion
(iii)
Advantages of friction
1. Prevents slipping when walking
2. Enables holding of materials
3. Vehicle brake system
4. Helps ignition of matches
5. Helps to grind substances to powder
6. Helps nails to stick into wood/wall
7. Helps to sharpen tools
4.
(a)
Make a labelled diagram of the human eye
(b)
(i)
Name two defects of the eye.
(ii)
State how each of the defects you have named above can be corrected.
(c)
(i)
What is a satellite?
(ii)
State one difference between a natural and an artificial satellite.
(iii)
State two uses of artificial satellites.
(d)
Write down the names of the new substances formed when each of the following substances react with dilute hydrochloric acid.
(i)
Ammonia
(ii)
Sodium hydroxide
(iii)
Calcium carbonate
(a)
Labelled diagram of the human eye
(b)
(i)
Defects of the eye
1. Long sightedness/Hypermetropia
2. Short sightedness/Myopia
3. Astigmatism/Presbyopia
(ii)
Correction of defects
Long sightedness/Hypermetropia
Wearing converging/convex lens
Short sightedness/Myopia
Wearing diverging/concave lens
Astigmatism/Presbyopia
Medical treatment/use of special lenses
(c)
(i)
A satellite is an object which moves around a planet in space
(ii)
Differences between a natural and an artificial satellite
| Natural satellite | Artificial satellite |
| Has no engine | Uses rockets/engines |
| Not projected by man | Launched into space by man |
| It is permanent | It is temporary |
| Created by God before our forefathers | Man made |
| Its orbit is fixed | Its orbit can be varied |
(iii)
Uses of artificial satellites
1. For exploring the planets/moons
2. For scientific research/experimental research/internet
3. To study the universe
4. For communications/broadcasting/telephone call
5. For weather forecast/collecting information on the weather
6. Map making
7. Spying
8. For navigation/satellite for navigation
9. Military purposes
(d)
New substances formed when reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid
(i)
Reaction: NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl
New substances formed: Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl)
(ii)
Reaction: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
New substances formed: Sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2O)
(iii)
Reaction: CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
New substances formed: Calcium chloride (CaCl2), carbon dioxide/Carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) and water (H2O)
5.
(a)
In an experiment, as in the set-up above, two glass containers A and B of different sizes are joined together with a tube and clipped.
Water is poured into container A to a height of 30 cm and a red liquid is poured into B to a height of 10 cm. The clip is then removed so that the liquids join together.
(i)
State two observations that will be made immediately the clip is removed.
(ii)
Explain the observations in (i).
(iii)
What two observations will be made after a long time? Explain.
(b)
The set-up below is used in the preparation of ammonia gas in the laboratory
Study it and answer the questions that follow.
(i)
Name the parts labelled a, b and c
(ii)
What is the meaning of the arrow sign d?
(iii)
What is the function of the calcium oxide?
(iv)
Why has c been tilted downwards?
(v)
State the method by which the gas is collected.
(vi)
How will you test for the gas?
(vii)
Give the names and the chemical formulae of the compounds that form the content of c.
(c)
In an experiment, a leaf that is partly green and partly yellow is plucked from a tree and the leaf is
I boiled for a minute,
II dipped in warm alcohol,
III washed in cold water,
IV dipped in iodine solution.
One part of the leaf turns blue-black after the dipping in iodine solution while the other part remains unchanged.
(i)
Explain why each of the processes I, II and III
(ii)
Which part of the leaf turns blue-black? Explain.
(iii)
Why does the other part of the leaf not change colour?
(iv)
What conclusion can you draw from the experiment?
(a)
(i)
1. The level of water decreases and the level of the red liquid rises
2. Red liquid moves/diffuses into the water
(ii)
1. Water is at a higher potential/level/pressure so it moves in the direction of lower potential/level/pressure
2. Molecules of red liquid at a higher concentration moves towards region of lower concentration/molecules of red liquid diffuse into the water
(iii)
1. The level of the liquids will be the same/motion of the liquids stop (greater than 10 cm but lower than 30 cm) because the same pressure will be exerted by the liquids in A and B
2. The colour of the liquid in A and B will be uniform/same (pale/light red) because the concentration will be the same
(b)
(i)
a → ammonia gas
b → gas jar
c → round bottomed flask
(ii)
The meaning of the arrow sign d is heating
(iii)
The calcium oxide dries the gas produced
(iv)
c is tilted downwards to prevent condensed water from falling back into the hot flask/to cause cracking
(v)
Upward delivery/downward displacement of air
(vi)
Test for the ammonia gas
Damp/moist red litmus paper turns blue in the presence of the (ammonia) gas
OR
Gas produces fumes with HCl vapour/concentrated hydrochloric acid
OR
Gas has pungent/choky/urinal smell
(vii)
1. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)/Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
2. Ammonium chloride/Ammonium salt (NH4Cl)
(c)
(i)
I → to kill cells/stop photosynthetic process
II → to remove green pigment/decolourized
III → to wash off the alcohol/to soften the leaf
(ii)
The green part turns blue-black because photosynthesis took place in the green part to produce starch
(iii)
The other (yellow) part of the leaf not change colour because it does not contain chlorophyll/green pigment which will trap sunlight for photosynthesis to occur
(iv)
Presence of chlorophyll/green pigment in leaf is required/necessary for photosynthesis/production of starch to take place/occur
6.
a)
The diagram below are illustrations of two cells labelled A and B
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
i)
Name each of the parts labelled I, II, III and IV.
ii)
Which of the parts named in (a)(i) is the same as the parts labelled VI and IX in cell B?
iii)
Which of the cells is a plant cell?
iv)
Give two reasons for the answer given in (a)(iii).
v)
Tabulate two differences between the parts labelled I and V.
b)
The diagram below is an illustration of an experiment carried out in the laboratory.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
i)
Read and record the:
(α) mass of irregular object (M) in I
(β) Volume of water (V1) in II
(γ) Volume of water (V2) in III
ii)
Determine the volume of the irregular object.
iii)
Calculate the density of the irregular object.
iv)
Name the instrument that could be used to measure the mass of an irregular object.
v)
State one precaution to be taken in performing the experiment.
c)
The following activities were performed in the laboratory by groups of pupils.
Study the activities and answer the questions that follow.
i) Camphor was heated.
ii) Wood was burnt.
iii) Iron nails were heated strongly.
iv) Sodium chloride was dissolved in water.
i)
Which of the following activities are:
(α) chemical processes;
(β) physical processes.
ii)
Give two reasons why the activities listed in:
(α) (i)(α) are chemical processes;
(β) (i)(β) are physical processes.
iii)
Give two examples of physical change that take place in your environment.
d)
A farmer cultivated soya bean, yam and maize on a farm in a rotational programme as illustrated below.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
i)
Copy and complete the table.
ii)
List three principles to consider when planning this rotational programme.
iii)
Give two reasons for selecting the crop named for V in plot 1 year 3.
iv)
State one advantage of practising this farming system.
a)
(i) I = cell/plasma membrane, II = cytoplasm, III = nucleus , IV = vacuole
(ii) I is the same as VI (Cell membrane) and IV is the same as IX (Vacuole)
(iii) Diagram B
iv)
Reasons
1. Presence of large/ single vacuole (IX)
2. Presence of cell wall (V)
3. Rectangular shape
4. Nucleus pushed to the side/periphery
5. Cytoplasm pushed to the side
v)
Differences between parts labelled I (Cell Membrane) and V (Cell Wall)
| I (Cell Membrane) | V (Cell Wall) |
| Present in all types of cells, in humans, animals, plants, bacteria, etc. | Present only in plants and in some fungi, bacteria, algae. |
| Semi-permeable | Completely or fully permeable |
| Flexible | Thick and rigid |
| Made up of proteins and lipids | Made up of cellulose |
b)
i)
(α) mass of irregular object (M) in I = 40 g
(β) Volume of water (V1) in II = 40 cm3
(γ) Volume of water (V2) in III = 60 cm3
ii)
Volume of the irregular object = 60 cm3 - 40 cm3 = 20 cm3
iii)
Density
Density =
Density = = 2 g/cm3 or 2 gcm-3
iv)
Instruments for measuring mass of an irregular object
1. Beam balance
2. Top pan balance
3. Electronic balance
iv)
Precautions to be taken in performing the experiment
1. The object should be lowered gently into the water in the cylinder
2. Volume of the liquid should be read from the base of the meniscus or at the eye level
3. The measuring cylinder should be placed on a flat surface
c)
i)
(α) chemical processes
II and III
(β) physical processes
I and IV
ii)
(α) Why chemical processes
1. The initial/original substance cannot be gotten back easily/irreversible
2. New substance formed
3. Change in mass
4. Accompanied by appreciable heat change
(β) Why physical processes
1. The initial/original substance can be gotten back easily/reversible
2. No new substance formed
3. No change in mass
4. Not accompanied by appreciable heat change
iii)
Examples of physical change
1. Expansion of metal on heating
2. dissolving sugar or salt in Water
3. Boiling of water
4. Melting of ice
5. Breaking/crushing of any Object
d)
i)
| Year\Plot | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1 | maize | soyabean | yam |
| 2 | yam | maize | soyabean |
| 3 | soyabean | yam | maize |
ii)
Principles to consider when planning for rotational programme
1. Deep rooted crops should be followed by shallow rooted crops
2. Crops of the same family/class should not follow each other
3. Crops that use the same soil nutrients should not follow each other
4. Leguminous crops should be included in the cycle
5. A fallow period may be included in the crop rotation programme
6. Crops which attract the same diseases and pests should not follow each other
iii)
Reasons for selecting the crop named V (Soyabean)
1. Soyabean is a legume and therefore builds up soil fertility
2. Yam is a deep rooted crop and should be followed by soyabean which is a shallow rooted crop
3. Yam is a heavy feeder and must have taken good part of the nutrients
4. Yam and soyabean belong different classes of crops and therefore not likely to attract the same pests and diseases
5. Improves soil structure
iv)
Advantages of crop rotation
1. Increases soil fertility
2. Enhances soil structure
3. Prevents soil erosion
4. Improves soil nutrients and nutrient uptake regulation
5. Controls the spread of pests and diseases
6. Controls weed easily
7. There is effective use of the land
8. Harvest of different types of crops on the same piece of land