KUULCHAT
SCIENCE MOCK
OBJECTIVE TEST
1.
Which of the following food substances would produce a red precipitate when heated with Millon's reagent?
A.
Banana
B.
Groundnut
C.
Orange juice
D.
Pineapple juice
Answer: B
Millon's reagent is a solution primarily used to detect the presence of tyrosine, an amino acid, in proteins. It works by reacting with the phenol group of tyrosine, producing a characteristic red or reddish-brown precipitate or coloration upon heating. The reagent is made by dissolving mercury in concentrated nitric acid and then diluting with water.
From the options provided, groundnut is the only protein and can test positive with Millon's reagent.
2.
The conversion of agricultural produce from its original form to other desirable forms is termed
A.
preservation.
B.
processing.
C.
recycling.
D.
storage.
Answer: B
3.
The brightest of all the planets is
A.
Mars.
B.
Saturn.
C.
Uranus.
D.
Venus.
Answer: D
4.
Which of the following mixtures can be separated by filtration?
A.
Salt in water
B.
Sugar in water
C.
Sand in water
D.
Oil in water
E.
Omo in water
Answer: C
5.
The component of a living cell responsible for respiration is
A.
chloroplast
B.
mitochondrion
C.
nucleus
D.
vacuole
Answer: B
6.
Which of the following compounds is neutral to litmus paper?
A.
HCL
B.
H2O
C.
NaOH
D.
KOH
Answer: B
7.
The most effective method of controlling soil erosion on steep slopes is
A.
cover cropping.
B.
mulching.
C.
strip cropping.
D.
terracing.
Answer: D
8.
The by-product of photosynthesis is
A.
carbon dioxide.
B.
starch.
C.
oxygen.
D.
water.
Answer: C
Equation of photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
This means that the reactants, six carbon dioxide molecules and six water molecules, are converted by light energy captured by chlorophyll (implied by the arrow) into a sugar molecule and six oxygen molecules, the products.
9.
Spectacles fitted with concave lenses are worn by people suffering from
A.
loss of accommodation.
B.
total blindness.
C.
long sightedness.
D.
short sightedness.
Answer: D
Concave Lenses are for the short sightedness and convex for the long sightedness.
10.
Which of the following processes can be used to obtain local gin from palm wine?
A.
Evaporation
B.
Condensation
C.
Distillation
D.
Filtration
E.
Sublimation
Answer: C
11.
Digestion of protein begins in the stomach and ends in the
A.
large intestine.
B.
small intestine.
C.
appendix.
D.
caecum.
Answer: B
Mechanical digestion of protein begins in the mouth and continues in the stomach and small intestine. Chemical digestion of protein begins in the stomach and ends in the small intestine.
12.
Kerosene and petrol are obtained from crude oil by
A.
distillation
B.
condensation
C.
filtration
D.
evaporation
E.
decantation
Answer: A
13.
A metal displaces 5.0 cm3 of water when it is totally immersed. If the mass of the metal is 35.0g, calculate its density.
A.
7.0 g cm-3
B.
30.00 g cm-3
C.
40.00 g cm-3
D.
175.00 g cm-3
Answer: A
Density
Density =
Mass = 35.0 g
Volume = 5.0 cm3
Density = = 7 g cm-3
14.
The study of the soil profile of an area helps the farmer to
A.
control weed growth
B.
determine the soil temperature
C.
determine the types of crop to grow
D.
know the pesticides to use
Answer: C
15.
The organic constituent of the soil is
A.
Air
B.
Humus
C.
Mineral salts
D.
Rock particles
E.
Water
Answer: B
16.
Vaccination is carried out to
A.
enable sores to heal faster.
B.
increase the red blood cells of a person.
C.
enable a person's white blood cells to fight against diseases.
D.
kill germs in a person's body.
Answer: C
17.
Which of the following conditions describes a first class lever?
A.
The load is between the effort and pivot
B.
The pivot is between the effort and the load
C.
The effort is between the pivot and the load
D.
The load arm is equal to the effort arm
Answer: B
First class → Pivot/Fulcrum at the middle
Second class → Load at the middle
Third class → Effort at the middle
In summary PLE which is the last three letters of PEOPLE if you may forget in an examination.
18.
Oxygen from the air is able to get into the blood by
A.
capillarity.
B.
diffusion.
C.
osmosis.
D.
suction.
Answer: B
The oxygen in inhaled air passes across the thin lining of the air sacs and into the blood vessels. This is known as diffusion. The oxygen in the blood is then carried around the body in the bloodstream, reaching every cell.
19.
The temperature of 20oC on the kelvin scale is
A.
253 K.
B.
263 K.
C.
273 K.
D.
283 K.
E.
293 K.
Answer: E
Kelvin = 273 + Degree Celsius
Degree Celsius = 20
Kelvin = 273 + 20 = 293 K
20.
All flowering plants end their life cycle with
A.
seed formation.
B.
seed development.
C.
seed dispersal.
D.
seed germination.
Answer: C
A flowering plant is simply a plant that produces flowers, and these flowers turn into fruits.
Flowering plants go through several stages: Germination, Pollination, Fertilization, and Dispersal.
The final stage in a flowering plant life cycle is seed dispersal.
21.
The planet which is farthest away from the sun is
A.
Jupiter.
B.
Mercury.
C.
Mars.
D.
Pluto
Answer: D
22.
In man, the conversion of poisonous substances into harmless forms takes place in the
A.
bladder.
B.
duodenum.
C.
kidney.
D.
liver.
Answer: D
The liver is the largest solid organ in the body. It removes toxins from the body’s blood supply, maintains healthy blood sugar levels, regulates blood clotting, and performs hundreds of other vital functions. It is located beneath the rib cage in the right upper abdomen.
Key Facts
1. The liver filters all of the blood in the body and breaks down poisonous substances, such as alcohol and drugs.
2. The liver also produces bile, a fluid that helps digest fats and carry away waste.
23.
All of the following animals lay eggs except
A.
fish
B.
lizard
C.
rabbit
D.
toad
E.
turkey
Answer: C
24.
A mango of mass 2 kg hangs 15 m on top of a mango tree. Determine the value of the kinetic energy attained just before it hits the ground. [g = 10 m s-2]
A.
30.0 J
B.
225.0 J
C.
300.0 J
D.
3.0 J
Answer: C
Just before the mango hits the ground, the kinetic energy equals the potential energy (at rest at the top).
Potential energy = mass x acceleration due to gravity x height.
Potential energy = 2 kg x 10 m s-2 x 15 m
Potential energy = 300 J
25.
The force which pulls all objects towards the centre of the earth is the
A.
frictional force.
B.
electrostatic force.
C.
gravitational force.
D.
rotational force.
Answer: C
26.
Which of the following is true about matter? It has
A.
Weight and direction
B.
Weight only
C.
Weight and volume
D.
Volume and direction
E.
Volume only
Answer: C
27.
Which of the following statements about acids are correct?
I. They turn red litmus paper blue
II. They can be classified as either organic or mineral acids
III. They can be neutralized by bases
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II and III
Answer: C
28.
A breeding female pig is called a
A.
doe.
B.
gilt.
C.
heifer.
D.
sow.
Answer: D
29.
Metals that are usually used to make ornaments have low
A.
conductivity.
B.
ductility.
C.
malleability.
D.
reactivity.
Answer: D
Metals used to make ornaments have low reactivity so they rarely corrode and hence do not lose their shine and lustre.
30.
The practice that excess branches of growing plants are removed is termed
A.
mulching
B.
pruning
C.
thinning
D.
staking
Answer: B
Pruning is a horticultural, arboricultural and silvicultural practice involving the selective removal of certain parts of a plant,
such as branches, buds, or roots.
31.
The nearest planet to the sun in the solar system is
A.
Earth
B.
Mars
C.
Mercury
D.
Venus
Answer: C
Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system and nearest to the Sun, Mercury is only slightly larger than Earth's Moon.
32.
Which of the following processes is used separate insoluble solids from liquids?
A.
Sublimation
B.
Filtration
C.
Evaporation
D.
Crystallization
Answer: B
33.
The diagram below shows a lever system used to move a stone. Use it to answer the question below
Less effort is required to move the stone when the
A.
distance Y is equal to X.
B.
distance Y is greater than X.
C.
distance Y is less than X.
D.
stone is at the pivot.
Answer: B
Mechanical Advantage =
Load Distance: is the distance between the pivot (fulcrum) and the load
Effort Distance: Is the distance between the pivot (fulcrum) and the effort
Since the effort distance (Y) is the numerator in the mechanical advantage formula, the greater it is than the load distance (X), the greater the mechanical advantage and the better the efficiency of the machine/lever.
34.
Which of the following substances will turn red litmus paper blue?
A.
Hydrochloric acid
B.
Sodium chloride solution
C.
Sulphuric acid
D.
Water
E.
Sodium hydroxide
Answer: E
Bases turn red litmus paper to blue and sodium hydroxide is a base
35.
The method of purification of water containing very little impurities is
A.
boiling
B.
chlorination
C.
distillation
D.
filtration
Answer: C
36.
An unripe orange is said to be acidic because it
A.
has low sugar content.
B.
has bitter taste.
C.
turns red litmus paper blue.
D.
turns blue litmus paper red.
Answer: D
Acid turns blue litmus paper red. You can use the acronym BAR to remember which stands for Blue Acid Red where B stands for Blue litmus paper and A stands for Acid and R stands for Red.
Once you know that of the acid when you remember BAR, you can reverse it for the base. For a base or alkaline, red litmus paper turns blue.
37.
A reflex action involves the
A.
brain and muscles.
B.
brain and nerves.
C.
spinal cord and muscles.
D.
spinal cord and nerves.
Answer: D
38.
Canned foods and drinks have expiry dates on them. The hazard involved in taking an expired drink is
A.
food poisoning.
B.
impaired hearing.
C.
poor circulation of blood.
D.
suffocation.
Answer: A
39.
The systematic name of NO2 is
A.
nitrogen oxide.
B.
nitrogen (i) oxide.
C.
nitrogen (ii) oxide.
D.
nitrogen (iv) oxide.
Answer: D
40.
Decay is an important biological process because it brings about the
A.
formation of nutrients in living organisms
B.
manufacture of cells of living organisms
C.
production of oxygen by plants
D.
release of nutrients from dead organisms
E.
release of waste substances from bacteria
Answer: D
THEORY QUESTIONS
1.
(a)
The diagrams below are illustrations of a set-up used to study the conditions for seed germination. The flasks are kept at 25 oC during the experiment. Study the diagrams carefully and answer the questions that follow.
(i)
What conclusion can be drawn from the results of flask 1 and flask 2?
(ii)
What conclusion can be drawn from the results of flask 2 and flask 3?
(iii)
The seedings in flask 2 died after two weeks. What can be the reasons for this occurrence?
(iv)
A candidate concluded that light was an important factor for the germination. Did the candidate make a correct conclusion?
(v)
Give a reason for the answer stated in (iv) and state which of the flasks in the experiment could be used to support your answer.
(b)
The diagram below are illustrations of an experimental set-up. Study the diagrams carefully and answer the questions that follow.
(i)
Name the measuring instrument that is in:
(α)
parallel;
(β)
series;
With the resistor R
(ii)
What quantity does each of the named instruments in (i) measure?
(iii)
Read and record the values as indicated on:
(α)
A in amperes;
(β)
V in volts.
(iv)
Use the values read in (iii) to calculate the value of R.
(v)
State one precaution to be taken in performing this experiment.
(c)
The diagrams below are illustrations of soil.Study the illustrations carefully and answer the questions that follow.
(i)
Identify each of the soil types labelled A, B and C
(ii)
Describe each of the soils under the following properties:
(α)
Particle size
(β)
Air space
(iii)
State two ways of improving soil type B for vegetable cultivation.
(d)
The diagrams below is a set-up for preparation of common salt in the laboratory. Study the diagrams carefully and answer the questions that follow.
(i)
Name each of the parts labelled IV, V and VI.
(ii)
Name two possible solutions that can react to product salt.
(iii)
Name the process that takes place when the two solution named in (ii) react.
(iv)
Name the process that takes place in the set-up B.
(v)
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between the two solutions named in (ii).
(a)
(i)
Light is not necessary for germination
(ii)
Water is necessary for germination
(iii)
1. Lack of water/moisture
2. The food stored in the seed is used up/the seedlings cannot carry out photosynthesis/no sunlight
(iv)
No, light is not an important factor for germination
(v)
1. Because light is not necessary for the germination of seed.
2. The seed in flask 2 germinated even though the flask was lined with the aluminium foil
(b)
(i)
(α)
Voltmeter
(β)
Ammeter
(ii)
Voltmeter measures the potential difference/voltage and ammeter measures the current (electric)
(iii)
(α)
5 A
(β)
10 V
(iv)
Resistance = Voltage/Current = 10/5 = 2 Ω
(v)
Precautions
1. Voltmeter and ammeter must be of proper range/calibration
2. The key should be inserted only while taking readings
3. All the electrical connections must be tight
(c)
(i)
A = loamy soil/loam
B = sandy soil/sand
C = clayey soil/clay
(ii)
Description of soils
| Soil Type | Particle Size | Air space |
| A | Medium/large | Moderate |
| B | Large/medium | Large |
| C | Small | Small |
(iii)
Ways of improving sandy soil
1. Mulching the soil
2. Applying organic manure/compost/farm yard manure/fertilizer
3. Planting cover crops
(d)
(i)
IV = Evaporating dish
V = Retort/clamp stand
VI = Tripod stand
(ii)
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl)
(iii)
Neutralization
(iv)
Evaporation/boiling/heating
(v)
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H20
2.
(a)
Define
(i)
self-pollination
(ii)
cross-pollination
(b)
State two ways in which cross-pollinated plants are better than self-pollinated plants.
(c)
Sodium chloride is prepared by the reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide.
(i)
Write a balanced equation for the reaction.
(ii)
What is the name given to this reaction?
(d)
Describe an experiment to show that pressure acts in all directions in a liquid.
(a)
(i)
Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant.
(ii)
Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of another flower on another plant of the same species.
(b)
Ways in which cross-pollinated plants are better than self-pollinated plants
1. They give rise to strong/vigorous offspring
2. They prevent inbreeding
3. Their offsprings are resistant to diseases
4. The bring about genetic/species variation
(c)
Reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide
(i)
Balanced equation for the reaction
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
(ii)
Neutralization reaction
(d)
Experiment to show that pressure acts in all directions in a liquid
1. Make holes at the same horizontal plane around a spherical glass/plastic bulb/tank
2. Fill vessel with water/liquid to a convenient level
3. Water/liquid is observed to come out/squirt out through all the holes in all directions to the same horizontal distance
(When pressure is exerted on the water either by the atmospheric or a piston)
4. This shows that at any point in a liquid, pressure acts in all directions
3.
(a)
Define the following processes:
(i)
Excretion
(ii)
Respiration
(iii)
Name one organ in man which is responsible for each of the processes in (a) (i) and (ii) above
(b)
Mention three ways of protecting people from infection during an outbreak of cholera.
(c)
Write down the chemical names of the following compounds.
(i)
MgCl2
(ii)
FeS
(iii)
CuSO4
(iv)
NH4OH
(d)
List the names of the planets in order of their distances away from the sun; starting with the one nearest to it.
(a)
(i)
Excretion is the process of removing metabolic waste/substances from the body of a living organism.
(ii)
Respiration is the process whereby oxygen is used in living cells to breakdown food leading to the release of energy.
OR
Respiration involves the taking in of oxygen and giving out of carbon dioxide.
OR
Respiration is the breakdown of food to release energy.
(iii)
Excretion → skin, kidney, lung, liver
Respiration → Lungs
(b)
Ways of protecting people from infection during an outbreak of cholera
1. Vaccination
2. Isolation of infected persons
3. Maintaining good sanitary conditions
(c)
Chemical names of compounds
(i)
MgCl2 → Magnesium chloride
(ii)
FeS → Iron (II) sulphide
(iii)
CuSO4 → Copper (II) sulphate/Copper (II) tetraoxosulphate (VI)
(iv)
NH4OH → Ammonium hydroxide
(d)
List of planets of the solar system in the order they occur starting with the planet nearest the sun
1. Mercury
2. Venus
3. Earth
4. Mars
5. Jupiter
6. Saturn
7. Uranus
8. Neptune
9. Pluto
Note: you can use the below mnemonics to remember the nine planets.
My (Mercury) Very (Venus) Eyes (Earth) May (Mars) Just (Jupiter) See (Saturn) Under (Uranus) Nine (Neptune) Planets (Pluto)
4.
a)
i)
What is an ion?
ii)
State two methods of softening hard water.
b)
i)
Differentiate between pest and parasites as used in a agriculture.
ii)
Give an example each of a:
α)
pest;
β)
parasites.
c)
i)
What is work?
ii)
A force of 10N causes a body to move a distance of 5.2m in the direction of the force. Calculate the work done.
d)
Name two diseases associated with the circulatory system of humans.
a)
i)
An ion is an atom/group of bonded atoms that has lost or gained electron(s) or a charged atom/group of bonded atoms
ii)
Methods of softening hard water
1. Boiling
2. Destillation
3. Addition of washing soda/Na2CO3/Sodium carbonate
4. Use of ion exchange resin/deionization
b)
i)
Difference between pests and parasites
Pest is any organism which causes damage to crops/animals (beneficial to man) while a parasite is a living organism which lives on the surface/inside the body of another organism/host and gets its food from it and in so doing causing harm to the host.
ii)
Examples of pests and parasites
α)
Examples of pests
1. Bed bugs
2. Cockroaches
3. fleas
4. house flies
5. moths
6. Weevils
7. Locusts
8. Beetles
β)
Examples of parasites
1. Protozoa
2. Worms
3. Arthropods (insects)
4. Ticks
5. Aphids
6. Fungi
7. Fleas
8. Dodder
9. Mistletoe
10. Striga
c)
i)
Work is said to be done when a force moves a body through a distance in the direction of the force or is the product of force and distance moved in the direction of the force.
ii)
Work = Force x Distance
Force = 10 N
Distance = 5.2 m
Work done = 10 N x 5.2 m = 52 Joules(J)
d)
Diseases of the circulatory system in humans
1. High blood pressure/hypertension
2. Low blood pressure/hypotension
3. Arteriosclerosis
4. Haemorrhoids/piles
5. Leukaemia
5.
a)
The funnels in the diagram below contain equal amounts of different types of soil labelled K, L and M. Equal volumes of water were poured onto each soil at the same time and allow to drain for 20 minutes.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
i)
What is the aim of the experiment?
ii)
Which soil has the highest rate of drainage?
iii)
Which soil has the highest water retention capacity?
iv)
Which soil is mostly likely to lose water and dry faster after rainfall?
v)
Which soil is mostly likely to be waterlogged after rainfall?
vi)
Which of the soil types would be suitable for maize cultivation?
b)
The diagram below illustrates hazard symbols labelled I, II, III and IV.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
i)
What does each of the symbols labelled I, II, III and IV represent?
ii)
Name one substance each that is associated with:
α)
I;
β)
II;
γ)
III.
iii)
Name the place where the symbol labelled IV is often displayed.
iv)
Which of the symbol(s) is/are found on chemical containers?
c)
The diagram below illustrations of devices used to do work easily.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
i)
Give a general name for the devices.
ii)
Identify each of the devices labelled A, B, C and D.
iii)
Name the parts labelled I, II and III of device A when it is considered as a lever.
iv)
What does the arrow represent in the device labelled B?
v)
Name the type of work done with each of the device labelled:
α)
C;
β)
D.
d)
The diagram below illustrates the digestive system in humans.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
i)
Name each of the parts labelled I, II, III, IV and V.
ii)
Name the part(s) of the digestive system where:
α)
digestion of food substances occur;
β)
digested food is absorbed into the bloodstream.
iii)
Name the end-products of the digestion that is absorbed into the bloodstream.
a)
i)
To compare the rate of water drainage in different types of soil/compare the water holding capacity of types of soils.
ii)
Soil K/Sandy soil
iii)
Soil M/Clayey soil
iv)
Soil K/Sandy soil
v)
Soil M/Clayey soil
vi)
Soil L/Loamy soil
b)
i)
I → toxic/poisonous
II → corrosive
III → flammable/inflammable
IV → no smoking/no naked flame
ii)
α)
Toxic/poisonous substances (I)
1. Carbon monoxide
2. Hydrogen sulphide
3. Chlorine
4. Sodium
5. Potassium
6. Cyanide compounds
7. Mercury compounds
8. Iodine
9. Carbon tetrachloride
10. Crude oil
11. Bromine
12. Lead compounds
13. Copper sulphate
14. Ammonia
15. Carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)
β)
Corrosive substances (II)
1. Concentrated hydrochloric acid
2. Sodium hydroxide
3. Potassium hydroxide
4. Nitric acid
5. Ammonium hydroxide/Ammonia
γ)
Flammable substances (III)
1. Gasoline/Petrol
2. Ethanol
3. Acetone
4. Liquid nail polish
5. L.P.G.
iii)
Places where no smoking (IV) is displayed
1. Petrol station/filling station
2. Gas station
3. Petrol tankers
4. Gas tankers
5. Public places/Any named public place e.g hospital,hotels etc.
6. Fuel storage areas
iv)
I, II and III
c)
i)
Simple machine
ii)
A → Wheelbarrow
B → Inclined plane
C → Pulley
D → Gear
iii)
I → Effort
II → Load
III → Pivot/Fulcrum
iv)
Effort
v)
α)
Use of pully
Lifting/raising loads up/lowering loads
β)
Use of gear
Change speed/direction/movement
d)
i)
I → Stomach
II → Small intestine/ileum
III → Large intestine/colon
IV → Rectum
V → Oesophagus/gullet
ii)
α)
Stomach/mouth/duodenum/ileum/small intestine
β)
Small intestine/ileum
iii)
End-products of digestion
1. Amino acid
2. Glucose
3. Fatty acids/glycerol
6.
(a)
State four ways by which plants are able to protect themselves against animals.
(b)
(i)
Define pollination.
(ii)
List four features of insect pollinated flowers.
(c)
An atom has three protons and three neutrons.
(i)
How many electrons are there in this atom?
(ii)
Draw a labeled diagram to show the arrangement of all the particles in the atom.
(d)
A body of mass 12.0 kg is placed on an orange tree 20.0 m above the ground
(i)
Calculate its potential energy with respect to the ground
(ii)
If the body is released from this height, what will be its kinetic energy just before it hits the ground.
[g = 10 ms-2]
(a)
Ways by which plants protect themselves against animals
1. Secretion of unpleasant liquids which make them distasteful
2. Possession of poisonous parts which cause pain/itching/death/swelling on contact
3. Possession of spines/thorns/irritating hairs which cause pain/irritation on contact
4. Possession of sticky substances which stick in the mouth of animals which try to feed on them
5. Possession/production of unpleasant smell/scent which drives off animals which try to feed on them
(b)
(i)
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the flower or another flower of the same species.
(ii)
Features of insect pollinated flowers
1. Petals are large
2. Petals are brightly coloured
3. The flower is usually scented
4. The flower has nectar
5. Stigma is inside the flower
6. Stigma is compact and sticky
7. Pollen grains produced per anther are few
8. Pollen grains are sticky, large, rough and heavy
9. Filaments are short and stout
(c)
(i)
Number of protons = 3
Number of neutrons = 3
Number of electrons = Number of protons
Number of electrons = 3
(ii)
(d)
(i)
Potential energy = Mass (m) x Acceleration due to gravity (g) x Height (h)
Mass = 12.0 kg
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10 ms-2
Height = 20 m
Potential energy = 12.0 kg x 10 ms-2 x 20 m
Potential energy = 2400 J
(ii)
Before the body just hit the ground, the potential energy is converted to kinetic energy
∴ Kinetic energy = Potential energy
Kinetic energy = 2400 J