OBJECTIVE TEST

A mirror is used to direct the sun’s rays onto the classroom wall by

radiation

reflection

conduction

revolution

convection

Answer: B

The force which acts between planets and keeps them in their orbits is called

electrical force

magnetic force

gravitational force

frictional force

elastic force

Answer: C

A bowl of water on a gas stove was initially cold. It became warm after sometime.

What was the mode of heat transfer in the water?

Convection

Radiation

Emission

Conduction

Answer: A

Conduction in solids
Convection in fluids (liquid or gas)
Radiation in vacuum

Digestion of fats and oils in humans starts in the

colon.

gullet.

mouth.

duodenum.

Answer: D

Which of the following apparatus is not required in the process of distillation in the laboratory?

Condenser

Evaporating dish

Bunsen burner

Round bottom flask

Answer: B

The term leaching in soils refers to .....

accumulation of organic matter

decomposition of plant material

fixation of nitrogen

removal of soil nutrients by water

Answer: D

The following factors hinder vegetable production in Ghana except?

high cost of agricultural chemicals.

lack of market for farm produce.

irregular rainfall pattern.

availability of sunlight.

Answer: D

The work done when a force moves a body through a distance of 12 m is 720 J. The force applied is

8640 N

732 N

708 N

60 N

Answer: D

Work done = Force x Distance

Work done = 720 J
Distance = 12 m

720 = Force x 12

Divide both sides by 12

Force = $\frac{720}{12}$ = 60 N

An entrepreneur's decision as to what to produce is a/an

co-ordinating function

organizing function

planning function

supervising function

Answer: C

10.

In man, the conversion of poisonous substances into harmless forms takes place in the

bladder.

duodenum.

kidney.

liver.

Answer: D

The liver is the largest solid organ in the body. It removes toxins from the body’s blood supply, maintains healthy blood sugar levels, regulates blood clotting, and performs hundreds of other vital functions. It is located beneath the rib cage in the right upper abdomen.

Key Facts
1. The liver filters all of the blood in the body and breaks down poisonous substances, such as alcohol and drugs.
2. The liver also produces bile, a fluid that helps digest fats and carry away waste.

11.

Which of the following is the percentage composition of oxygen in the air?

0.03

Answer: C

12.

Which of the following activities are involved in the rearing of tilapia?

I. Feeding of fish
II. Pond stocking
III. Pest control

I and II only

I and III only

II and III only

I, II and III

Answer: A

13.

Which of the following statements about the negative use of Science and Technology is correct? It

promotes good health.

promotes easy communication.

enable humans to use less energy in working.

creates things that are dangerous to the environment.

Answer: D

14.

Which of the following practices is not a principle of crop rotation?

Legumes should be added to the rotation programme.

Deep rooted crops should be followed by shallow rooted crops.

Crops that are closely related should follow each other.

Fallow period should be allowed during the time of rotation.

Answer: C

15.

The hereditary material that is passed on from parents to offspring is known as

gene.

sperm.

red blood cell.

white blood cell.

Answer: A

16.

Plants lose water through a process called

photosynthesis

fertilization

transpiration

respiration

evaporation

Answer: C

17.

The property of water that causes mosquito larvae to float on it is

density.

viscosity.

surface tension.

volume.

capillarity.

Answer: C

Surface tension is the force or property of a liquid which makes the surface to behave as if it were a stretched elastic skin or membrane.

18.

Which of the following organs are connected by the ureter?

Liver and kidney

Kidney and bladder

Bladder and heart

Intestines and anus

Lungs and bladder

Answer: B

19.

The energy possessed by a compressed spring is a

chemical energy.

kinetic energy.

magnetic energy.

potential energy.

Answer: D

20.

Which of the following instruments is connected in parallel across a resistor in an electrical circuit?

Ammeter

Voltmeter

Ohmmeter

Galvanometer

Answer: B

Voltmeter: is used to measure the potential difference between two points in an electrical circuit and its connected in parallel in an electric circuit

Ammeter: is used to measure the electric current in an electric circuit and it is connected in series in an electric circuit

Galvanometer: is used to detect the presence of small electric current and voltage and its connected in series

Ohmmeter: is used to measure the electrical resistance

21.

How many atoms are present in H₂O₂?

Answer: B

2 hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms making 4 atoms.

22.

Use the information below to answer the question that follow.

A solid X reacted with a liquid Y to form a salt and water only. A portion of liquid Y turned blue litmus paper red. Solid X did not dissolve when a portion of it was placed in water and stirred.

Liquid Y is

an acid.

an alkali.

a base.

a metal.

Answer: A

23.

A herbal mixture has a volume of 200 m³ and a mass of 10,000 kg. Determine the density of the mixture.

50 kg m^-3

200 kg m^-3

800 kg m^-3

10,200 kg m^-3

Answer: A

Density = $\frac{Mass}{Volume}$

Mass = 10,000 kg
Volume = 200 m³

Density = $\frac{10000}{200}$ = 50 kg m^-3

Note: Two of the zeros in 10,000 and 200 will cancel each other. 2 divides itself once and 100, 50 times.

24.

Which of the following diseases affects the lungs?

Cholera

Measles

Tetanus

Tuberculosis

Typhoid

Answer: D

25.

Which of the following bodies are natural sources of light?

I. Moon

II. Sun

III. Glow Worm

I and II only

I and III only

II and III only

I, II and III

Answer: C

A natural source of light is light that occurs naturally without the involvement of humans.

Natural sources of light can come from either an object or a living species.

Examples include the Sun, stars, lightning, jellyfish, fireflies, glowworms, angler fish, etc.

Note

The moon is not a natural source of light in the sense that it doesn't produce its own light. The light we see from the moon is actually sunlight reflected off its surface. The moon is a non-luminous object, meaning it doesn't emit light, and only reflects the light it receives from other sources, primarily the sun.

26.

Which of the following physical properties of water are correct? Water

I. is a colourless liquid.

II. is a universal solvent.

III. boils at 100°C at standard atmosphere pressure.

IV. has a density of 5kgcm^-3 at 4°C.

I and II only

II and III only

I, II and III only

II, III and IV only

Answer: C

27.

Brass is an alloy of

iron and carbon

zinc and copper

iron and copper

copper and tin

Answer: B

28.

Common salt (sodium chloride) is obtained from sea water by

condensation.

evaporation.

precipitation.

sublimation.

Answer: B

29.

Digestion is a process by which food is

transported in soluble form within the body of animals

broken down into tiny pieces in the mouth

moved through the alimentary canal

broken down to produce energy, water and carbon dioxide

broken down into forms which can be easily absorbed

Answer: E

30.

The heat of the sun reaches the earth through

radiation

convection

conduction

both radiation and conduction

both radiation and convection

Answer: A

31.

The diagram below is an illustration of a transistor.

The arrow shows the direction of:

electron movement.

hole movement.

electron and hole movement.

negative charge movement.

Answer: A

The arrow in the symbol indicates the direction of flow of conventional current (electron movement)

32.

Which of the following statements about plants is true?

I. Most plants show movement
II. Green plants manufacture their own food
III. All animals depend directly on plants for food

I only

II only

III only

I and II only

II and III only

Answer: B

33.

Which of the following electronic components is not made of semi-conductors?

Capacitor

Diode

LED

Transistor

Answer: A

34.

Which of the following leaves are sensitive to touch?

Cassava leaves

Mimosa leaves

Orange leaves

Palm leaves

Tomato leaves

Answer: B

35.

A man did 75 J of work by lifting a 50 N load from the floor on to a shelf. Calculate the height of the shelf.

0.67 m

1.50 m

25.00 m

125.00 m

Answer: B

Work done = Force x Distance

Divide both sides by Force

Distance = $\frac{Work done}{Force}$

Distance = $\frac{75}{50}$ = 1.5 m

36.

Sleeping sickness is spread by

blackfly

firefly

Mosquito

Housefly

Tsetse fly

Answer: E

37.

The space occupied by matter is its

area

length

radius

width

volume

Answer: E

38.

The part of the soil that supports plant growth is that part which

dissolves in water.

retains less water.

contains the humus.

is closer to the roots.

Answer: C

Humus

Humus is dark, organic material that forms in soil when plant and animal matter decays. When plants drop leaves, twigs, and other material to the ground, it piles up. This material is called leaf litter. When animals die, their remains add to the litter.

It is a kind of soil organic matter. It is rich in nutrients and retains moisture in the soil.

39.

Which of the following structures regulate the amount of light that enters the eye?

Choroid

Cornea

Iris

Lens

Retina

Answer: C

40.

Which of the following features is shown by plants only?

Feeding

Growth

Transpiration

Reproduction

Respiration

Answer: C

THEORY QUESTIONS

(a)

The diagrams below are illustrations of a set-up used to study the conditions for seed germination. The flasks are kept at 25 ^oC during the experiment. Study the diagrams carefully and answer the questions that follow.

(i)

What conclusion can be drawn from the results of flask 1 and flask 2?

(ii)

What conclusion can be drawn from the results of flask 2 and flask 3?

(iii)

The seedings in flask 2 died after two weeks. What can be the reasons for this occurrence?

(iv)

A candidate concluded that light was an important factor for the germination. Did the candidate make a correct conclusion?

(v)

Give a reason for the answer stated in (iv) and state which of the flasks in the experiment could be used to support your answer.

(b)

The diagram below are illustrations of an experimental set-up. Study the diagrams carefully and answer the questions that follow.

(i)

Name the measuring instrument that is in:

(α)

parallel;

(β)

series;

With the resistor R

(ii)

What quantity does each of the named instruments in (i) measure?

(iii)

Read and record the values as indicated on:

(α)

A in amperes;

(β)

V in volts.

(iv)

Use the values read in (iii) to calculate the value of R.

(v)

State one precaution to be taken in performing this experiment.

(c)

The diagrams below are illustrations of soil.Study the illustrations carefully and answer the questions that follow.

(i)

Identify each of the soil types labelled A, B and C

(ii)

Describe each of the soils under the following properties:

(α)

Particle size

(β)

Air space

(iii)

State two ways of improving soil type B for vegetable cultivation.

(d)

The diagrams below is a set-up for preparation of common salt in the laboratory. Study the diagrams carefully and answer the questions that follow.

(i)

Name each of the parts labelled IV, V and VI.

(ii)

Name two possible solutions that can react to product salt.

(iii)

Name the process that takes place when the two solution named in (ii) react.

(iv)

Name the process that takes place in the set-up B.

(v)

Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between the two solutions named in (ii).

(a)

(i)

Light is not necessary for germination

(ii)

Water is necessary for germination

(iii)

1. Lack of water/moisture
2. The food stored in the seed is used up/the seedlings cannot carry out photosynthesis/no sunlight

(iv)

No, light is not an important factor for germination

(v)

1. Because light is not necessary for the germination of seed.
2. The seed in flask 2 germinated even though the flask was lined with the aluminium foil

(b)

(i)

(α)

Voltmeter

(β)

Ammeter

(ii)

Voltmeter measures the potential difference/voltage and ammeter measures the current (electric)

(iii)

(α)

5 A

(β)

10 V

(iv)

Resistance = Voltage/Current = 10/5 = 2 Ω

(v)

Precautions

1. Voltmeter and ammeter must be of proper range/calibration
2. The key should be inserted only while taking readings
3. All the electrical connections must be tight

(c)

(i)

A = loamy soil/loam
B = sandy soil/sand
C = clayey soil/clay

(ii)

Description of soils

Soil Type	Particle Size	Air space
A	Medium/large	Moderate
B	Large/medium	Large
C	Small	Small

(iii)

Ways of improving sandy soil

1. Mulching the soil
2. Applying organic manure/compost/farm yard manure/fertilizer
3. Planting cover crops

(d)

(i)

IV = Evaporating dish
V = Retort/clamp stand
VI = Tripod stand

(ii)

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl)

(iii)

Neutralization

(iv)

Evaporation/boiling/heating

(v)

NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂0

(a)

(i)

What is meant by a satellite?

(ii)

State one difference between a natural and an artificial satellite.

(iii)

State two uses of artificial satellite.

(b)

Give two differences between the mass and weight of a body.

(c)

Write the chemical formulae for the following substances.

(i)

Calcium oxide;

(ii)

Water;

(iii)

Copper sulphate.

(d)

What will be the effect on the colour of blue litmus paper when it is dropped in each of the following solutions?

(i)

Sodium hydroxide solution;

(ii)

Dilute hydrochloric acid;

(iii)

Lime juice;

(iv)

Water.

(e)

(i)

Define breathing

(ii)

Arrange the following parts of the human being respiratory system in order in which air from the atmosphere passes through them during breathing:

Trachea, nostrils, lungs and bronchus.

(iii)

Describe briefly what happens to a piece of bread when it reaches the duodenum of a human being.

(a)

(i)

A satellite is an object which moves around a planet in space

(ii)

Differences between a natural and an artificial satellite

Natural satellite	Artificial satellite
Has no engine	Uses rockets/engines
Not projected by man	Launched into space by man
It is permanent	It is temporary
Created by God before our forefathers	Man made
Its orbit is fixed	Its orbit can be varied

(iii)

Uses of artificial satellites

1. For exploring the planets/moons
2. For scientific research/experimental research/internet
3. To study the universe
4. For communications/broadcasting/telephone call
5. For weather forecast/collecting information on the weather
6. Map making
7. Spying
8. For navigation/satellite for navigation
9. Military purposes

(b)

Differences between the mass and weight of a body

Mass	Weight
Mass is measured in kilogrammes (Kg)	Weight is measured in newtons (N)
Mass is not a force	Weight is a force
Mass is a scalar quantity	Weight is a vector quantity
Mass is constant everywhere	Weight varies from place to place

(c)

(i)

Calcium oxide → CaO

(ii)

Water → H₂O

(iii)

Copper sulphate → CuSO₄

(d)

#	Solution + Blue litmus paper	Observation
i)	Sodium hydroxide solution	No colour change on litmus paper/colour of litmus paper remains the same because sodium hydroxide is a base
ii)	Dilute hydrochloric acid	The colour of the litmus paper changes from blue to red because hydrochloric acid is an acid
iii)	Lime juice	The colour of the litmus paper changes from blue to red because lime juice is an acid
iv)	Water	No colour change on litmus paper/colour of litmus paper remains the same because water is neutral

(e)

(i)

Breathing is the process by which animals take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide through their lungs/respiratory organs.

(ii)

The human being respiratory system in order in which air from the atmosphere passes through them during breathing

Nostrils → Trachea → Bronchus → Lungs

(iii)

Digestion of a piece of bread when it reaches the duodenum of a human being

1. When the bread gets into the duodenum, the pancreas produces a liquid called pancreatic juice
2. The pancreatic juice contains an enzyme called amylase which breaks down the bread (carbohydrate) into complex sugar (maltose)

(a)

Make a labelled diagram of the human eye

(b)

(i)

Name two defects of the eye.

(ii)

State how each of the defects you have named above can be corrected.

(c)

(i)

What is a satellite?

(ii)

State one difference between a natural and an artificial satellite.

(iii)

State two uses of artificial satellites.

(d)

Write down the names of the new substances formed when each of the following substances react with dilute hydrochloric acid.

(i)

Ammonia

(ii)

Sodium hydroxide

(iii)

Calcium carbonate

(a)

Labelled diagram of the human eye

(b)

(i)

Defects of the eye

1. Long sightedness/Hypermetropia
2. Short sightedness/Myopia
3. Astigmatism/Presbyopia

(ii)

Correction of defects

Long sightedness/Hypermetropia

Wearing converging/convex lens

Short sightedness/Myopia

Wearing diverging/concave lens

Astigmatism/Presbyopia

Medical treatment/use of special lenses

(c)

(i)

A satellite is an object which moves around a planet in space

(ii)

Differences between a natural and an artificial satellite

Natural satellite	Artificial satellite
Has no engine	Uses rockets/engines
Not projected by man	Launched into space by man
It is permanent	It is temporary
Created by God before our forefathers	Man made
Its orbit is fixed	Its orbit can be varied

(iii)

Uses of artificial satellites

(d)

New substances formed when reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid

(i)

Reaction: NH₃ + HCl → NH₄Cl

New substances formed: Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl)

(ii)

Reaction: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O

New substances formed: Sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H₂O)

(iii)

Reaction: CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

New substances formed: Calcium chloride (CaCl₂), carbon dioxide/Carbon (IV) oxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O)

(a)

(i)

What is hardness of water?

(ii)

Give one example each of a natural source of water that is:

(α)

hard water;

(β)

soft water;

(b)

What is the end-product of the digestion of each of the following?

(i)

Meat;

(ii)

Cassava;

(iii)

Palm-oil;

(c)

Give one effect of each of the following factors considered in vegetable crop production:

(i)

soil type;

(ii)

nearness to market;

(iii)

nearness to source of water;

(d)

(i)

Explain briefly why an eclipse occurs.

(ii)

Name the two types of eclipse

(a)

(i)

Is the case with which water can lather with soap or the amount of dissolved Ca/Mg/Fe(II) ion in water.

(ii)

Natural sources of hard and soft water

(α)

Hard water

1. Sea water
2. Occean
3. Lagoon water
4. Well water
5. Ground water
6. Canal water

(β)

Soft water

1. River
2. Pond
3. Rain
4. Snow
5. Dew
6. Lake

(b)

End-product of the digestion

(i)

Meat (Protein) = Amino acids

(ii)

Cassava (Carbohydrate) = Glucose

(iii)

Palm-oil (Fat & Oil) = Faty acids/glycerol

(c)

Effect of factors considered in vegetable crop production

(i)

Soil type

1. Helps the farmer to know what type of vegetable to grow
2. To enhance yield of crops
3. To ensure adequate retention of water
4. To ensure adequate growth of crops

(ii)

Nearness to market

1. To avoid rotting of crop through long distance travels
2. For easy sale of vegetable crops
3. For easy purchase of farm inputs

(iii)

Nearness to source

1. For easy irrigation (supply of water to the crops)
2. To dilute pesticides for spraying
3. To process crops through washing
4. To apply fertilizer in solution to crops

(d)

(i)

Why an eclipse occurs

The earth, along with the other planets, revolves around the sun in its orbit. In turn, the moon revolves around the earth in the moon's orbit. There comes a time when the three heavenly bodies get aligned in the same straight line. This is when an eclipse occurs. It is defined as an astronomical phenomenon that occurs when one spatial object comes within the shadow of another spatial object. This obstructs the observer from seeing one of them in space.

Thus eclipse occurs when light from the sun is blocked by an opaque object to produce a shadow

(ii)

Types of eclipse

1. Solar or eclipse of the sun
2. Lunar or eclipse of the moon

(a)

Explain each of the following terms:

(i)

Diffusion

(ii)

Surface tension

(iii)

Capillarity

(b)

Why does water wet glass?

(c)

(i)

State the composition of blood

(ii)

List three functions of blood

(d)

(i)

Describe how ions are formed from atoms

(ii)

State two differences between a proton and an electron

(iii)

Write the chemical symbol for each of the following:

α)

an atom of Lithium

β)

a molecule of chlorine

γ)

an atom of oxygen

(a)

(i)

Diffusion is the process whereby molecules/particles of a liquid/gas move from a region of higher concentration to a region of a lower concentration until they are uniformly spread throughout an occupied space.

(ii)

Surface tension is the property of a liquid which makes the surface behave as if it were stretched elastic skin.

(iii)

Capillarity is the rise or fall of liquids in small/narrow tubes/columns as a result of adhesion and surface tension forces.

(b)

Why water wets glass

Water wets glass because the adhesive forces between the water particles and the glass are stronger than the cohesive forces between water particles

Water wets glass because the attraction between glass and water is stronger than the attraction between water molecules.

(c)

(i)

Composition of blood

1. Serum/plasma
2. Red blood cells
3. White blood cells
4. Platelets

(ii)

Functions of blood

1. It transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues
2. It transports/distributes/carries digested food substances to the tissues
3. It transports excretory materials/it carries carbon dioxide (CO₂) or nitrogenous waste from the tissues to the lungs
4. It protects the body against diseases/produces antibodies
5. It forms clot to prevent loss of blood/excessive bleeding
6. It transports hormones
7. It regulates body temperature
8. It maintains the turgidity of cells in the body
9. It prevents entry of germs into the body through a wound

(d)

(i)

1. Ions are formed when an atom gains or loses an electron
2. When an atom gains an electron, the number of electrons becomes greater than the number of protons and so a negative ion (Anion) is formed
3. When an atom loses an electron, the number of protons becomes greater than the number of electrons and so a positive ion (Cation) is formed

(ii)

Differences between a proton and an electron

Proton	Electron
Has positive charge	Has negative charge
Is located inside the nucleus	Is located outside the nucleus
Is more massive/heavier/denser	Is less massive/lighter

(iii)

Chemical symbols

α)

an atom of Lithium → Li

β)

a molecule of chlorine → Cl₂

γ)

an atom of oxygen → O

(a)

Name three deficiency diseases associated with diet and state their causes.

(b)

(i)

What is hard water?

(ii)

Mention three ways by which hard water can be made soft.

(c)

(i)

Explain how sound is produced.

(ii)

State one example each of the following instruments:

(α)

wind instrument

(β)

string instrument

(a)

Deficiency diseases associated with diet and their causes

Disease	Cause
Rickets	Lack of vitamin D/calcium
Kwashiorkor	Lack of protein
Goitre	Lack of iodine
Night blindness	Lack of vitamin A
Scurvy	Lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
Beriberi	Lack of vitamin B₁
Dermatitis	Lack of vitamin B₂
Pellagra	Lack of vitamin B₃
Marasmus	Lack of protein and carbohydrates
Anaemia	Lack of iron/folic acid
Prolonged bleeding	Lack of vitamin K

(b)

(i)

Hard water is water that does not form lather easily with soap.

Hard water is water that contains Ca ions (Ca²⁺) and Mg ions (Mg²⁺)

(ii)

Ways by which hard water can be made soft

1. Addition of washing soda/sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃)
2. Boiling
3. Distillation
4. Deionization/use of ion exchange resin

(c)

(i)

Sound is produced when a vibrating object/matter sets a mass/particles of air into vibration.

(ii)

(α)

Examples of wind instrument

1. Organ
2. Flute
3. Trampet
4. Saxophone
5. Whistle
6. Trombone
7. Clarinette
8. Tuba

(β)

Examples of string instrument

1. Guitar
2. Piano
3. Banjo
4. Harp
5. Violin
6. Viola
7. Gogi
8. Ukulele