KUULCHAT
SCIENCE MOCK
OBJECTIVE TEST
1.
The proper way of maintaining soil structure and fertility is termed as soil
A.
conservation
B.
depletion
C.
profile
D.
erosion
Answer: A
2.
Leguminous crops such as beans are cultivated to
A.
add humus to the soil
B.
increase the nitrate contents of soils
C.
add nitrogen to the soil
D.
make the soil loamy
E.
add protein to the soil
Answer: C
3.
Soil aeration can be improved by
A.
Adding mineral to the soil
B.
Application of fertilizer to the soil
C.
Weathering
D.
Activities of earthworms
E.
Manuring
Answer: D
4.
Which of the following substances can dissolve almost all solutes?
A.
Kerosene
B.
Palm oil
C.
Water
D.
Turpentine
E.
Petrol
Answer: C
5.
All the following add nitrates to the soil except
A.
Okro
B.
Broad beans
C.
French beans
D.
Groundnuts
E.
Pigeon pea
Answer: A
6.
Which of the following heart conditions in humans is caused by plaque deposits in the arteries?
A.
Atherosclerosis
B.
Heart attack
C.
Heart failure
D.
Stroke
Answer: A
Atherosclerosis is a disease where plaque, made up of cholesterol, fat, and other substances, builds up in the arteries, narrowing them and potentially blocking blood flow. This can lead to serious health issues like heart attacks and strokes.
7.
The unit of potential difference
A.
ampere
B.
watt
C.
ohm
D.
volt
Answer: D
Unit of potential difference is joule per coulomb, given the name volt (V) after Alessandro Volta. The familiar term voltage is the common name for electric potential difference. Keep in mind that whenever a voltage is quoted, it is understood to be the potential between two points.
8.
A ball is dropped from a height to the ground. The energy possessed by the ball just before it strikes the ground is called
A.
heat energy.
B.
kinetic energy.
C.
potential energy.
D.
sound energy.
Answer: B
Kinetic energy is the energy a body possesses by virtue of its motion.
9.
The force overcome by a machine is known as the
A.
effort
B.
load
C.
pivot
D.
lever
E.
work
Answer: B
10.
Which of the following statements about a force are correct? It
I. is measured in newtons.
II. is measured in newton-metre.
III. can start a motion.
IV. can change the direction of a moving body.
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
I, III and IV only
D.
I, II, III and IV
Answer: C
11.
A mixture of sugar and water can be separated by
A.
Filtration
B.
Evaporation
C.
Decantation
D.
Distillation
E.
Condensation
Answer: B
12.
Brass is an alloy made up of
A.
Aluminium and zinc
B.
Copper and tin
C.
Copper and zinc
D.
Iron and carbon
E.
Steel and tin
Answer: C
13.
The practice of reducing the number of seedlings per stand for better growth is known as
A.
earthing up.
B.
filling in.
C.
pricking out.
D.
thinning out.
Answer: D
Thinning out: This is the removal of some plants from the area grown with seeds. This is done mainly to make room for the seeds to grow well.
Earthing up: is a farming technique that involves mounding soil around the base of a plant, usually a crop. This technique has been used for centuries in agriculture and has a variety of benefits for crops. One of the main reasons for earthing up is to protect the plant from extreme weather conditions.
14.
The process of removing unproductive poultry birds from a flock is referred to as
A.
candling
B.
culling
C.
dehorning
D.
drenching
Answer: B
15.
Which of the following ions is formed by the loss of 2 electrons?
A.
Ca2+
B.
S2-
C.
K+
D.
F-
Answer: A
Cations are positively charged and they lose electrons. The number of positive charges in the superscript indicates the number of electrons lost. Calcium (Ca) has 2 positive charges which indicates the lost of 2 electrons.
16.
Chlorophyll helps plants absorb energy from the sun as they undergo the process of photosynthesis. It is located in a structure called
A.
chloroplast.
B.
mitochondrion.
C.
vacuole.
D.
nucleus.
Answer: A
17.
Which of the following simple machine is a second class lever?
A.
Bottle top opener
B.
Claw hammer
C.
Fishing rod
D.
Pair of pliers
Answer: A
18.
The stretched arm of a JSS student holding a stone in the palm is an example of a
A.
First class lever
B.
Second class lever
C.
Third class lever
D.
Fourth class lever
E.
Fifth class lever
Answer: C
19.
The physical property of a soil which is determined by the feel method is soil
A.
structure.
B.
temperature.
C.
texture.
D.
water.
Answer: C
20.
A piece of stone sinks in water because
A.
its density is the same as that of water
B.
it is able to displace its own weight of water
C.
its density is less than that of water
D.
its density is greater than that of water
E.
the water contains air which allows the stone to sink
Answer: D
21.
Which of the following substances has a definite shape?
A.
Air
B.
Kerosene
C.
Stone
D.
Water
Answer: C
22.
A fuse is used in an electrical circuit to
A.
measure the energy used up.
B.
protect appliances.
C.
provide more current.
D.
make sure current flows continuously.
Answer: B
A fuse is an electrical safety device that operates to provide overcurrent protection of an electrical circuit. It is designed to melt and separate in the event of excessive current thereby stopping or interrupting the current.
23.
When a solid-liquid mixture is filtered, the liquid that separates out into the container is called
A.
filtrate.
B.
residue.
C.
sediment.
D.
solution.
Answer: A
Filtration set up
24.
The part of a seed which grows to become the shoot of a plant is the
A.
cotyledon.
B.
plumule.
C.
radicle.
D.
testa.
Answer: B
25.
Which of the following substances is a mixture?
A.
Water
B.
Sodium chloride
C.
Sodium chloride solution
D.
Iron filing
Answer: C
26.
An example of the process of osmosis is
A.
Selective reabsorption
B.
Absorption of digested food
C.
The spread of petrol scent
D.
Gaseous exchange in living things
Answer: A
27.
Which of the following processes is a physical change?
A.
Rusting of iron
B.
Burning of paper
C.
Melting of ice
D.
Fermentation of palm wine
E.
Boiling of an egg
Answer: C
Physical change is reversible and no new substance is formed.
All the options except melting of ice are chemical change because new substances are formed and the process is also not reversible.
For the melting of ice, it can be frozen into ice again so it is reversible and the substance is still water in different forms.
28.
The function of the platelets in the circulatory system of humans is to
A.
Transport oxygen
B.
Transport carbon dioxide
C.
Clot of blood
D.
Defend the blood
Answer: C
29.
Excretion in animals involves the removal of
A.
water from the body
B.
urine and faeces from the body
C.
blood from the body
D.
waste materials from the body cells
E.
undigested food from the body
Answer: D
30.
A mother took her child to the hospital and upon investigation, it was noticed that the child's diet was lacking in zinc. What could this result in?
I. Decreased growth in the child
II. Anaemia and constipation
III. Inability of the body to fight infection
A.
I, II and III
B.
I and III only
C.
II and III only
D.
I and II only
Answer: B
31.
A rigid bar which is capable of turning about a fixed point is a/an
A.
inclined plane.
B.
lever.
C.
screw.
D.
wheel and axle.
Answer: B
32.
Which of the following heavenly bodies is at the centre of the planetary system?
A.
Earth
B.
Mercury
C.
Pluto
D.
Sun
E.
Venus
Answer: D
33.
One disease that affects the nervous system of humans is
A.
filariasis.
B.
measles.
C.
poliomyelitis.
D.
typhoid
Answer: C
Poliomyelitis (Polio) is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus. It invades the nervous system and can cause total paralysis in a matter of hours.
34.
If a soil is smooth and sticky, it means that the soil has a large amount of
A.
Clay
B.
Loam
C.
Sand
D.
Silt
Answer: A
Clay soil is smooth when dry and sticky when wet
35.
Which of the following is a rhizome?
A.
Potato
B.
Ginger
C.
Onion
D.
Cocoyam
E.
Cassava
Answer: B
36.
Which of the following is the organic part of the soil?
A.
Mineral salts
B.
Water
C.
Rock particles
D.
Air
E.
Humus
Answer: E
37.
The term leaching in soils refers to .....
A.
accumulation of organic matter
B.
decomposition of plant material
C.
fixation of nitrogen
D.
removal of soil nutrients by water
Answer: D
38.
Which of the following diseases affects the central nervous system?
A.
Cerebro Spinal Meningitis (CSM)
B.
Poliomyelitis
C.
Measles
D.
Yellow Fever
Answer: A
39.
The carrier of the malaria parasite is the
A.
black fly.
B.
tsetse fly.
C.
female anopheles mosquito.
D.
male anopheles mosquito.
Answer: C
Why the male mosquitoes cannot transmit malaria
The biting female Anopheles mosquito may carry malaria. Male mosquitoes do not bite so cannot transmit malaria or other diseases. The adult females are generally short-lived, with only a small proportion living long enough (more than 10 days in tropical regions) to transmit malaria.
40.
The best method for checking erosion on a slope is
A.
cover cropping.
B.
mixed cropping.
C.
contour ploughing.
D.
mulching.
Answer: C
THEORY QUESTIONS
1.
a)
i)
What is soil erosion?
ii)
Name two methods of controlling soil erosion.
b)
Explain each of the following terms as used in ecology:
α)
Adaptation;
β)
Endangered species.
c)
i)
Give one example of hard water.
ii)
Explain why it is advisable to drink water which is hard.
d)
i)
What is magnetic field?
ii)
State two methods of making magnets.
a)
i)
Soil erosion is the washing away/removal of the top soil by water or wind
ii)
Methods of controlling soil erosion
1. Terracing
2. Strip cropping
3. Contour ploughing
4. Wind breaks/afforestation/tree planting
5. Mulching
6. Cover cropping
7. Practising crop rotation
8. Bush fallowing/land rotation
b)
α)
Adaptation is the ability of an organism to survive in a given environment using special features
β)
Endangered species are plants and animals facing extinction/numbers are decreasing.
c)
i)
Examples of hard water
1. Well water
2. Sea water/lagoon water
3. Borehole
ii)
Why it is advisable to drink hard water
1. It contains ions of calcium which are good for strong bones and teeth
2. It helps to reduce heart ailments
d)
i)
Magnetic field is the area around a magnet where the effect of the force of a magnet can be felt/experienced.
ii)
Methods of making magnets
1. Hammering/strong heating in the earth's magnetic field
2. Stroking
3. Electrical
4. Induction
2.
a)
In an experiment the surfaces of three iron nails were cleaned dry and placed in three separate test tubes A, B and C as shown in the diagram.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
After three days the nail in the test tube A was found to have rusted while the nail in test tubes B and C did not rust.
i)
Suggest an aim for the experiment.
ii)
Why was the water in test tube B boiled?
iii)
State the function of the oil on top of the water in test tube B.
iv)
What is the purpose of the calcium chloride in test tube C?
v)
Why did the nail in test tube A rust?
vi)
Why did the nail in test tube
α)
B not rusted?
β)
C not rusted?
vii)
From the experiment, explain why oil is applied on the surface of a metal to prevent rusting.
b)
In an experiment, the following activities were carried out on two green leaves A and B.Leaf A was taken from a plant placed in the sunlight for some time while leaf B was taken from a plant placed in a dark cupboard for 24 hours.
Activity
I. Leaves dipped in boiling water for 1 minute;
II. Leaves dipped in warm alcohol;
III. Leaves washed in cold water;
IV. Leaves dipped in iodine solution.
After dipping in the iodine solution, it was observed that leaf A changed colour.
Study the activities carefully and answer the questions that follow.
i)
Suggest an aim for the experiment.
ii)
Explain briefly why each of the following activities were carried out:
(α) I;
(β) II;
(γ) III.
iii)
State the colour change of leaf A.
iv)
Explain why leaf A changed colour?
v)
Why is it necessary to de-starch the plant before starting the experiment?
vi)
From the above experiment, what conclusion(s) can be drawn.
c)
You are provided with two dry soil samples A and B, a measuring cylinder, beakers, funnels, filter paper, beam balance, stop watch and water. With the aid of a labelled diagram, describe an experiment to find out which of the two soil samples can hold more water.
d)
The diagram below is an illustration of an experiment that was carried out. In the experiment three pins 1, 2 and 3 were fixed with candle wax onto a metal bar and one end of the bar was heated by means of boiling water. A, B and C are thermometers inserted in holes along the bar to measure the temperature at the various points.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
i)
Suggest an aim for the experiment.
ii)
What is the temperature of the boiling water?
iii)
State the observation that would be made about the pins 1, 2 and 3.
iv)
State the observation that would be made about the temperatures recorded by the thermometers A, B and C.
v)
State how heat from the sun is transmitted to the earth.
a)
i)
Aim of experiment
Experiment to prove that both air and water are necessary for rusting of iron or experiment to determine the conditions necessary for the rusting of iron.
ii)
Reason for boiling the water in test tube B
To remove dissolved air.
iii)
Function of oil on top of the water in test tube B
The oil prevents the entering of air into the water.
iv)
Purpose of calcium chloride in test tube C
To remove or absorb all the moisture/water vapour present in the air in test tube C.
v)
Reason why the nail in test tube A rusted
Because of the presence of air and water.
vi)
α)
Reason why the nail in test tube B did not rust
Because of the absence of air (Only water was present)
β)
Reason why the nail in test tube C did not rust
Because of the absence of water (Only air was present / air is dry)
vii)
Reason why oil is applied to surface of metal to prevent rusting
It prevent air/moisture from coming into contact with the metal
b)
i)
To prove that sunlight is necessary/important for photosynthesis.
ii)
Reasons for Activity I, II and III
I → To kill cells/stop photosynthesis process.
II → To remove green pigment/chlorophy.
III → To wash off the alcohol/soften the leaf.
iii)
Color change of leaf A
Turned blue-black
iv)
Reason for colour change
Present of starch/starch produced
v)
Reason for de-starching plant
To remove the existing starch from the leaves before the experiment otherwise both leaves would show the presence of starch or the will be no control experiment.
vi)
Conclusion
It can be concluded that sunlight is necessary for the process of photosynthesis.
c)
Experiment to find out which soil sample holds more water
1. The same mass of samples A and B are weighed with a beam balance.
2. Each samples is poured into a separate funnel fitted with a filter paper and placed over a beaker.
3. The same volume of water is measured using the measuring cylinder and poured on each of the soil samples.
4. The water is allowed to drain out completely from each set-up.
5. The soil sample in the set-up with the least drained-out water is the one that can hold more water.
6. The soil sample in the set-up with the most drained-out water is the one that cannot hold more water.
d)
i)
Aim of the experiment
To show that heat (energy) is transferred through metals/solids by conduction
ii)
Temperature of boiling water
100oC
iii)
The pins fall off as the wax melt.
iv)
A will have the highest temperature followed by B and C is the least (Temperature A > Temperature B > Temperature C)
v)
How heat is transmitted from the sun to earth
Heat is transmitted from the sun to the earth through radiation
3.
a)
i)
What is a transistor?
ii)
Give two uses of a transistor.
b)
Mention the suitable solvent for each of the following solutes:
i)
grease;
ii)
ink stain;
iii)
starch;
iv)
cube sugar;
v)
oil paint;
vi)
iodine.
c)
i)
What is a respiratory organ?
ii)
Name two structures of the respiratory system of humans.
d)
i)
What is agricultural chain?
ii)
Name two types of agricultural chain.
a)
i)
A transistor is a three terminal (a base, emitter and collector) semiconductor device.
ii)
Uses of a transistor
1. Used as an amplifier
2. Used as a switch
3. Used as a rectifier
4. Used for tuning in radios
5. Used as a voltage/current regulator
b)
i)
Suitable solvents for grease
1. Petrol
2. Kerosene
3. Methylated spirit
ii)
Suitable solvents for ink stain
1. Milk
2. Alcohol
3. Parazone
4. Shaving cream
5. Kerosene
iii)
Suitable solvents for starch
1. Alcohol
2. Acetone
iv)
Suitable solvents for cube sugar
Water
v)
Suitable solvents for oil paint
1. Turpentine
2. Kerosene
3. Petrol
4. Thinner
vi)
Suitable solvents for iodine
1. Ethanol/Alcohol
2. Potassium iodide solution
c)
i)
Respiratory organ is an organ used by living organisms for gaseous exchange
ii)
Structures of the respiratory system of humans
1. Trachea
2. Lungs
3. Alveolus
4. Larynx
5. Diaphragm
6. Bronchus/Bronchi
7. Nostril/Nose
8. Nasal cavity
9. Intercostals muscle
10. Ribs
11. Pharynx
d)
i)
Agricultural chain is a series of stages that are connected in the production of agricultural goods/services.
ii)
Types of agricultural chain
1. Production
2. Processing
3. Supply
4. Value
4.
(a)
Distinguish between the following terms:
(i)
Physical change and chemical change
(ii)
Solution and suspension
(b)
Classify the following as either a physical or chemical change
(i)
Common salt in water
(ii)
Burning of charcoal
(iii)
Melting of ice
(iv)
Hydrochloric acid in sodium hydroxide solution
(c)
(i)
What is a parasite?
(ii)
Give two examples of parasites and their hosts.
(d)
Give the chemical symbols of the following elements
(i)
Oxygen
(ii)
Chlorine
(iii)
Aluminium
(iv)
Calcium
(e)
(i)
Explain the term self-pollination
(ii)
Name four agents of pollination
(iii)
State the function of the brightly coloured petals in insect pollination
(a)
(i)
Differences between a physical change and a chemical change
| Physical Change | Chemical Change |
| No new substance is formed | New substance is formed |
| It is easily reversible | It is irreversible |
| It is not accompanied by great heat change | It is accompanied by great heat change |
| There is no change in mass | There is change in mass |
| Individual components retain their properties | Individual components lose their properties |
(ii)
Difference between solution and suspension
A solution is a uniform/homogeneous mixture of a solute and a solvent where the solute completely disappear from sight in the solvent (liquid) whiles a suspension is a mixture of particles of an insoluble substance and a liquid whereby the particles of the substance float in the liquid. The small particles settle at the bottom of the container when it is left undisturbed.
(b)
(i)
Common salt in water → physical change
(ii)
Burning of charcoal → chemical change
(iii)
Melting of ice → physical change
(iv)
Hydrochloric acid in sodium hydroxide solution → chemical change
(c)
(i)
Parasite is any organism/living thing that lives in or on another organism/living thing called the host for its food and by so doing causes harm to the host.
(ii)
Examples of parasites and their hosts
| Parasite | Host |
| Lice | Man |
| Tick | Dog |
| Plasmodium | Man |
| Mistletoe | Cocoa/cola |
| Dodder | Milk bush/cashew plant |
| Capsids | Cocoa plant |
| Tapeworm | Cow/pig/man |
(d)
Chemical symbols
(i)
Oxygen → O
(ii)
Chlorine → Cl
(iii)
Aluminium → Al
(iv)
Calcium → Ca
(e)
(i)
Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same flower or to the stigma of another flower of the same plant.
(ii)
Agents of pollination
1. Insects
2. Water/Rain
3. Animal/Man/Birds/Bats
4. Wind
(iii)
Function of the brightly coloured petals in insect pollination
They produce nectar which attracts insects to the plant.
5.
(a)
(i)
Explain vegetative reproduction
(ii)
State two differences between sexual reproduction and vegetative reproduction.
(iii)
Give one advantage of vegetative reproduction.
(b)
(i)
Name suitable solvents for the following substances:
oil paint, fat, common salt, plant pigments.
(ii)
What is the name given to a substance dissolved by a solvent?
(c)
The diagram below represent a simple machine.
(i)
What class of simple machine does it represent?
(ii)
Name the parts labelled I, II and III
(iii)
Give two examples of machines used in everyday life which work on the same principle as the system illustrate above.
(a)
(i)
Vegetative reproduction is the propagation of new individuals of a particular species by means of parts of a parent plant other than (fertilized) seeds.
OR
Vegetative reproduction is a form of reproduction whereby plants reproduce young ones from growing parts or buds of the parent plant.
(ii)
Differences between sexual reproduction and vegetative reproduction
| Sexual Reproduction | Vegetative Reproduction |
| Gives rise to variables (in species) | Give rise to same species/no variation |
| Involves male and female sex cells/gametes or seeds | Involves only one plant/leaves/stem/root |
(iii)
Advantages of vegetative reproduction
1. Results in species of the same characteristics/features
2. Stores enough food reserve for the offspring
3. Growth is more rapid/fast
4. Only one parent is required to produce the offspring/does not require any agent as in pollination
(b)
(i)
| Substance | Solvent |
| Oil paint | Turpentine/Petrol/Kerosene/Thinner |
| Fat | Petrol/Carbon textrachloride |
| Common salt | Water |
| Plant pigment | Alcohol/acetone |
(ii)
Solute
(c)
(i)
Second class lever
(ii)
I → Effort
II → Load
III → Pivot/Fulcrum
(iii)
Examples of second class levers
1. Wheelbarrow
2. Bottle opener
3. Nutcracker
4. Staplers
5. Nail clippers
6. Doors or gates
6.
(a)
(i)
Name the gas which is used in both rusting and burning
(ii)
State two ways in which rusting can be prevented in everyday life.
(b)
Classify each of the following items as element, compound, mixture or colloid:
(i)
Sodium chloride
(ii)
Sugar solution
(iii)
Fog
(iv)
Hydrogen
(v)
Sulphur
(c)
(i)
Use any three of the following to form a food chain:
Man, bird, green grass, goat, grasshopper
(ii)
Name two diseases that can be controlled by immunization.
(d)
(i)
A boy throws a stone vertically up into the air. What are the energy changes that take place as the stone falls to the ground?
(ii)
Give two appliances which use electromagnets in their operation
(iii)
List two ways in which a magnet can lose its magnetism.
(a)
(i)
The gas which is used in both rusting and burning is oxygen
(ii)
Ways in which rusting can be prevented in everyday life
1. Painting
2. Galvanizing (electroplating)
3. Greasing
4. Oiling
5. Alloying
(b)
| Element | Compound | Mixture | Colloid |
|
Sulphur
|
Sodium chloride |
Sugar solution |
Fog |
(c)
(i)
Green grass → grasshopper → bird
OR
Green grass → goat → man
(ii)
Diseases that can be controlled by immunization
1. Tuberculosis
2. Measles
3. Poliomyelitis
4. Whooping cough
5. Diphtheria
6. Tetanus
7. Yellow fever
8. Cholera
(d)
(i)
Potential energy → Kinetic energy → Sound energy → Heat energy
(ii)
Appliances which use electromagnets in their operation
1. Telephone receivers
2. Loudspeakers
3. Electric bells
4. Burglar alarms
5. Microphones
(iii)
Ways in which a magnet can lose its magnetism
1. Heating the magnet in fire
2. Striking the magnet continuously with a hammer
3. Placing it in a solenoid through which an alternating current flows