KUULCHAT
SCIENCE MOCK
OBJECTIVE TEST
1.
Which of the following gases helps in rusting?
A.
Carbon dioxide
B.
Hydrogen
C.
Oxygen
D.
Nitrogen
Answer: C
The rusting of iron (Fe) is shown by the chemical equation below:
4Fe + 3O2 + 6H2O → 4Fe(OH)3
2.
In which of the following circuit diagrams below will the bulb light?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: B
Positive part must be connected to the negative part and negative to positive.
3.
Sodium hydroxide is an example of a base because it
A.
has sour taste.
B.
has a pH less than 7.
C.
turns wet blue litmus paper red.
D.
turns wet red litmus paper blue.
Answer: D
4.
The method of preserving food by drying is similar to salting because in both cases germs are
A.
deprived of the air needed for growth.
B.
deprived of the water needed for growth.
C.
destroyed at high temperatures.
D.
destroyed at low temperatures.
Answer: B
5.
The end-product of digestion of fats and oils is
A.
amino acid
B.
glucose
C.
maltose
D.
fatty acid and glycerol
Answer: D
The digestion of certain fats begins in the mouth, where lingual lipase breaks down short chain lipids into diglycerides. The presence of fat in the small intestine produces hormones that stimulate the release of pancreatic lipase from the pancreas, and bile from the liver, to enable the breakdown of fats into fatty acids. The complete digestion of one molecule of fat (a triglyceride) results in three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol molecule.
6.
A body of mass 50 kg falls through a height of 5 m. If the acceleration due to gravity is 10 ms-2, calculate the loss in potential energy.
A.
50 J
B.
250 J
C.
500 J
D.
2500 J
Answer: D
Potential Energy = Mass x Acceleration due to gravity x Height
Mass = 50 kg
Acceleration due to gravity = 10 ms-2
Height = 5 m
Potential Energy = 50 x 5 x 10 J
Potential Energy = 2500 J
7.
The method of purification of water containing very little impurities is
A.
boiling
B.
chlorination
C.
distillation
D.
filtration
Answer: C
8.
The following devices work based on the principle of pressure in fluids except
A.
siphons.
B.
flutes.
C.
drinking straws.
D.
water pumps.
Answer: B
9.
A stone with mass 80.0 g was put into a measuring cylinder containing water. If the water level rises by 20.0 cm, calculate the density of the stone.
A.
0.25 g cm-3
B.
1.20 g cm-3
C.
1.80 g cm-3
D.
3.30 g cm-3
E.
4.00 g cm-3
Answer: E
Density =
Mass = 80.0 g
Volume = 20.0 cm3
Density =
Density = 4.0 g cm-3
10.
The angle between a ray of light and the surface it strikes is 30°. Calculate the angle of incidence.
A.
210°
B.
120°
C.
90°
D.
60°
E.
30°
Answer: D
11.
Which of the following processes of conversion of the state of matter is correct.
A.
Solid →heat gas →heat liquid
B.
Solid →cool liquid →cool gas
C.
Gas →heat liquid →heat solid
D.
Gas →cool liquid →cool solid
Answer: D
You have to cool a gas to obtain the liquid form of the gas and you have to cool a liquid to obtain the solid form of the liquid.
12.
An example of a parasite which lives in the intestine of an animal is
A.
guinea worm.
B.
jigger.
C.
plasmodium.
D.
tapeworm.
Answer: D
Tapeworm
Tapeworms (taeniasis) are a type of parasite that live in the intestines of animals.
Humans can become infected by eating or drinking tapeworm eggs or larvae (immature tapeworms) in contaminated meat or water.
13.
Which of the following is likely to happen when the relative humidity is high?
A.
It is likely to rain
B.
It is likely to be dry
C.
It is likely to be sunny
D.
The day will be hot
E.
It will be windy
Answer: A
14.
Which of the following conditions in a simple machine will make working difficult? When
A.
The load distance is equal to the effort distance
B.
The effort distance is twice the load distance
C.
The effort distance is three times the load distance
D.
Small effort moves through a longer distance
E.
The load distance is greater than effort distance.
Answer: E
15.
Which of the following is true about a first class lever?
A.
The load is between the effort and the pivot
B.
The pivot is between the effort and the load
C.
The effort is between the pivot and the load
D.
The load is on the pivot
E.
There is no pivot
Answer: B
16.
A solution in which no more solute will dissolve at a given temperature is said to be
A.
concentrated.
B.
dilute.
C.
homogeneous.
D.
saturated.
Answer: D
Solution is a homogenous mixture of solute and solvent.
The solute is the substance that is being dissolved, while the solvent is the dissolving medium.
A saturated solution can be defined as a solution in which a solvent is not capable of dissolving any more solute at a given temperature.
A dilute solution contains a small amount of solute in a large amount of solvent.
A concentrated solution contains a large amount of solute dissolved in a small amount of solvent.
17.
Which of the following life processes is represented by the equation glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy?
A.
Digestion
B.
Excretion
C.
Photosynthesis
D.
Respiration
Answer: D
18.
Which of the following statements about acids are correct?
I. They turn red litmus paper blue
II. They can be classified as either organic or mineral acids
III. They can be neutralized by bases
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II and III
Answer: C
19.
The mode of heat transfer in which no material is involved is known as
A.
conduction
B.
convection
C.
expansion
D.
radiation
Answer: D
Radiation is the process in which heat is transmitted one place to other directly without intervening medium. We get radiation of sun without an intervening medium
20.
The type of teeth used for biting and cutting are the
A.
canines.
B.
incisors.
C.
molars.
D.
premolars.
Answer: B
Incisors
Incisors are the four front teeth in the centre of each jaw. Their cutting edges are broad and sharp like chisel. They are used for biting and cutting.
21.
Which of the following substances reacts with ammonium chloride to produce ammonia gas?
A.
Calcium hydroxide
B.
Calcium chloride
C.
Calcium carbonate
D.
Calcium sulphate
E.
Calcium nitrate
Answer: A
22.
Anemometer is an instrument for measuring.
A.
relative humidity.
B.
rainfall amount.
C.
wind direction.
D.
wind speed.
Answer: D
23.
The function of the platelets in the circulatory system of humans is to
A.
transport oxygen.
B.
transport carbon dioxide.
C.
defend the body.
D.
cloth the blood.
Answer: D
24.
Which of the following classes of food can be broken down into amino acids?
A.
Carbohydrates
B.
Vitamins
C.
Mineral salts
D.
Fats and oils
E.
Proteins
Answer: E
25.
The physical arrangement of soil particles into aggregate is termed
A.
soil porosity
B.
soil profile
C.
soil structure
D.
soil texture
Answer: B
26.
An example of leafy vegetable crops is
A.
cucumber.
B.
lettuce.
C.
okro.
D.
onion.
Answer: B
27.
A stick placed in water appears to be bent because light travelling from the water to the air is
A.
dispersed.
B.
displaced.
C.
refracted.
D.
reflected.
Answer: C
Refraction is the bending of light (it also happens with sound, water and other waves) as it passes from one transparent substance into another. This bending by refraction makes it possible for us to have lenses, magnifying glasses, prisms and rainbows. Even our eyes depend upon this bending of light.
28.
Bronze is an alloy of
A.
iron and carbon.
B.
zinc and copper.
C.
iron and zinc.
D.
copper and tin.
Answer: D
Alloy and their compositions
1. Steel → Iron and Carbon
2. Brass → Copper and Zinc
3. Bronze → Copper and Tin
29.
The type of teeth used by mammals to eat food materials is
A.
canine.
B.
incisor.
C.
molar.
D.
premolar.
Answer: B
30.
Which of the following processes removes carbon from the atmosphere?
A.
Respiration
B.
Burning
C.
Decomposition
D.
Photosynthesis
Answer: D
Respiration
The chemical breakdown of organic food substances such as glucose in the living cells to release energy with or without molecular oxygen.
Burning
Combustion, or burning,is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.
Decomposition
The process or effect of simplifying a single chemical entity into two or more fragments.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants manufacture food (starch/glucose) using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
31.
Useful materials in food that provide growth and repair of worn out tissues are called
A.
carbohydrates.
B.
vitamins.
C.
proteins.
D.
fats.
Answer: C
32.
Which of the following pairs of structures form part of the female reproductive system of humans?
A.
Urethra and uterus
B.
Cervix and uterus
C.
Ureter and uterus
D.
Cervix and ureter
Answer: B
33.
How many different elements are present in the compound H2SO4?
A.
2
B.
3
C.
6
D.
7
Answer: B
Hydrogen (H), Sulphur (S) and Oxygen (O)
34.
Dissolved mineral salts from the soil enter the plant by the process of
A.
phototropism
B.
transpiration
C.
diffusion
D.
osmosis
E.
ingestion
Answer: C
35.
The formation of humus is aided by
A.
earthworms.
B.
insects.
C.
rats.
D.
wind.
Answer: A
Humus is dark, organic material that forms in soil when plant and animal matter decays. When plants drop leaves, twigs, and other material to the ground, it piles up. This material is called leaf litter. When animals die, their remains add to the litter.
It is a kind of soil organic matter. It is rich in nutrients and retains moisture in the soil.
36.
The major cause of pollution at a stone quarry is
A.
dust.
B.
human waste.
C.
acid disposal.
D.
smoke.
Answer: A
A quarry is a place where rocks, sand, or minerals are extracted from the surface of Earth.
37.
A transistor is said to operate in an active region when
A.
one p-n junction is forward biased and the other is reverse biased.
B.
base-emitter junctions are reverse biased.
C.
both p-n junctions are reverse biased.
D.
base-collector junction is forward biased.
Answer: A
38.
The blood in mammals is composed of
A.
a red liquid
B.
red blood cells and white blood cells
C.
liquid plasma and solid corpuscles
D.
blood protein and glycerol
E.
sugar and mineral salts only
Answer: C
39.
Which of the following sources of light is natural?
A.
Filament bulb
B.
Fluorescent tube
C.
Glow worm
D.
Fire cracker
Answer: C
40.
Which of the following form part of the alimentary canal?
I. Colon
II. Gullet
III. Liver
IV. Pancreas
A.
I and II only
B.
I and IV only
C.
II and III only
D.
II and IV only
E.
I, II and III only
Answer: A
THEORY QUESTIONS
1.
(a)
State four ways by which plants are able to protect themselves against animals.
(b)
(i)
Define pollination.
(ii)
List four features of insect pollinated flowers.
(c)
An atom has three protons and three neutrons.
(i)
How many electrons are there in this atom?
(ii)
Draw a labeled diagram to show the arrangement of all the particles in the atom.
(d)
A body of mass 12.0 kg is placed on an orange tree 20.0 m above the ground
(i)
Calculate its potential energy with respect to the ground
(ii)
If the body is released from this height, what will be its kinetic energy just before it hits the ground.
[g = 10 ms-2]
(a)
Ways by which plants protect themselves against animals
1. Secretion of unpleasant liquids which make them distasteful
2. Possession of poisonous parts which cause pain/itching/death/swelling on contact
3. Possession of spines/thorns/irritating hairs which cause pain/irritation on contact
4. Possession of sticky substances which stick in the mouth of animals which try to feed on them
5. Possession/production of unpleasant smell/scent which drives off animals which try to feed on them
(b)
(i)
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the flower or another flower of the same species.
(ii)
Features of insect pollinated flowers
1. Petals are large
2. Petals are brightly coloured
3. The flower is usually scented
4. The flower has nectar
5. Stigma is inside the flower
6. Stigma is compact and sticky
7. Pollen grains produced per anther are few
8. Pollen grains are sticky, large, rough and heavy
9. Filaments are short and stout
(c)
(i)
Number of protons = 3
Number of neutrons = 3
Number of electrons = Number of protons
Number of electrons = 3
(ii)
(d)
(i)
Potential energy = Mass (m) x Acceleration due to gravity (g) x Height (h)
Mass = 12.0 kg
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10 ms-2
Height = 20 m
Potential energy = 12.0 kg x 10 ms-2 x 20 m
Potential energy = 2400 J
(ii)
Before the body just hit the ground, the potential energy is converted to kinetic energy
∴ Kinetic energy = Potential energy
Kinetic energy = 2400 J
2.
a)
i)
What is a force?
ii)
State two ways in which force could affect a body.
b)
i)
What is a chemical change?
ii)
State three difference between chemical change and physical change.
c)
Name three physical properties of soil.
d)
Mention three diseases of the circulatory system in humans.
a)
i)
Force is a push or pull.
OR
A force is that which changes a body's state of rest or uniform motion.
ii)
Ways in which force could affect a body
1. It changes direction of a moving body
2. It increases speed of a body/causes a body to accelerate
3. It decreases speed of a body/causes a body to decelerate
4. It causes a moving body to stop
5. It causes a stationary body to move
6. It causes deformation/changes the shape of a body
b)
i)
Chemical change is any change that results in the formation of new chemical substances/involves making/breaking of bonds between atoms.
ii)
Differences between chemical change and physical change
| Chemical Change | Physical Change | |
| 1. | A new substance is formed | No new substance is formed/substance does not change |
| 2. | Not reversible | Easily reversible |
| 3. | Produces change in mass | Produces no change in mass |
| 4. | Usually accompanied by great heat change/energy | Not accompanied by great heat change/energy |
c)
Physical properties of soil
1. Texture
2. structure
3. Consistence/soil strength
4. Soil colour
5. Bulk density
6. Soil temperature
7. Soil permeability/water holding capacity
d)
Diseases of the circulatory system in humans
1. Coronary artery disease/thrombosis
2. Arteriosclerosis
3. Stroke
4. Hypertension (high blood pressure)
5. Hypotension (low blooed pressure)
6. Heart failure
7. Varicose vein
8. Haemorrhoids/piles
9. Leukaemia/cancer of the blood
3.
(a)
A child is found not to be able to see at night
(i)
What deficiency disease may the child be suffering from?
(ii)
What food nutrient is the child lacking?
(iii)
List two sources of food substances that can provide the nutrient the child lacks.
(b)
(i)
What is an atom?
(ii)
Name the components of an atom which determines each of the following quantities.
(α)
mass of an atom
(β)
charge of an atom
(iii)
Why is an atom electrically neutral?
(c)
(i)
What is friction?
(ii)
Give two bad effects of friction.
(iii)
Give two situations where friction is an advantage.
(a)
(i)
Night blindness
(ii)
Vitamin A
(iii)
Sources of vitamin A food substances
1. Palm oil
2. Mangoes
3. Liver
4. Milk
5. Fish
6. Green vegetables
7. Tomatoes
8. Carrots
9. Codliver oil/animal fat
10. Eggs
11. Butter
12. Goat cheese
13. Cereals
(b)
(i)
An atom is the smallest part of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction.
OR
An atom is the basic unit of an element.
(ii)
Components of an atom which determines:
(α)
Mass of an atom
Proton and neutrons
(β)
Charge of an atom
Protons and electrons
(iii)
An atom is electrically neutral because the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons and so they cancel out/balance/make net charge equal to zero.
OR
An atom is electrically neutral because the total number of positive charge is equal to the total number of negative charge and so they cancel out/balance/make net charge equal to zero.
(c)
(i)
Friction is the force that opposes the relative (sliding) motion between two surfaces in contact with one another.
(ii)
Bad effects/Disadvantages of friction
1. It causes wear and tear
2. It generates heat in machine parts
3. Opposes motion
(iii)
Advantages of friction
1. Prevents slipping when walking
2. Enables holding of materials
3. Vehicle brake system
4. Helps ignition of matches
5. Helps to grind substances to powder
6. Helps nails to stick into wood/wall
7. Helps to sharpen tools
4.
(a)
State three ways by which the atmosphere in an industrial area is polluted.
(b)
(i)
Write the word equation for each of the following reactions between:
(α)
calcium and oxygen
(β)
nitrogen and hydrogen
(ii)
State the hazard that could be prevented when each of the following protective materials are used in the laboratory:
(α)
gas mask
(β)
goggles
(c)
If a cuboid of weight 100 N, has sides 5 cm by 10 cm, calculate the:
(i)
Area of the cuboid;
(ii)
Pressure exerted by the cuboid when it lies on its side.
(d)
(i)
Explain the term mixed farming.
(ii)
State two advantages of mixed farming.
(a)
Ways by which the atmosphere in an industrial area is polluted
1. Release of carbon dioxide from engines
2. Release of carbon monoxide from engines
3. Release of smoke into the atmosphere
4. Emission of radiations
5. Emission of heat
6. Release of dust from factories
7. Release of poisonous/acidic gases/nitrogen oxide/hydrogen sulphide
8. Release of exhaust fumes from vehicles or engines
(b)
(i)
Reactions between:
(α)
Calcium and oxygen
Calcium + Oxygen → Calcium oxide
(β)
Nitrogen and hydrogen
Nitrogen + Hydrogen → Ammonia
(ii)
Hazard that could be prevented when protective materials are used in the laboratory
(α)
Gas mask
Inhaling of toxic or poisonous gas
(β)
Goggles
Injury to the eye
(c)
Weight (Force) = 100 N
Breadth = 5 cm
Length = 10 cm
(i)
Area of a cuboid = Length x Breadth
Area = 5 cm x 10 cm = 50 cm2
(ii)
Pressure
Pressure =
Pressure = = 2 Ncm-2
(d)
(i)
Mixed farming is the growing of crops as well as livestock, animal husbandry,etc all on same farm or land at the same time.
(ii)
Advantages of mixed farming
1. Animal droppings are used as manure for cultivating crops
2. Crops residue is used to feed the animals
3. Land is effectively used
4. Labour is effectively used throughout the year
5. Animals may provide power on the farm
6. Reduces risk of losing everything when diseases strikes or bad weather
7. Brings reliable sources of income
8. Reduces dependency on external inputs and costs
9. It enhances the productivity of the farmland
5.
a)
i)
Mention four female sexual characteristics of a human being.
ii)
Name two sense organs in mammals
iii)
Give one function of each of the sense organs named
b)
Define each of the following terms:
i)
compound
ii)
mixture
c)
List the particles that make up an atom.
d)
State the energy changes that take place in each of the following processes.
i)
An orange falls from a tree to the ground
ii)
A carpenter hits a nail with a raised hammer.
a)
i)
Female sexual characteristics of a human being
1. Vagina
2. Ovaries
3. Womb/uterus
4. Fallopian tubes
5. Cervix
6. Vulva
7. Breast
ii)
Sense organs in mammals
1. Eyes
2. Ears
3. Nose
4. Tongue
5. Skin
iii)
Function of the sense organs
1. Eyes → for sight
2. Ears → for hearing
3. Nose → for smelling
4. Tongue → for tasting
5. Skin → for feeling and excreting sweat
b)
i)
A compound is the substance formed as a result of the chemical combination of two or more elements.
OR
A compound is a substance which is made up of two or more elements chemically combined.
ii)
A mixture is what is formed when two or more substances are combined physically
OR
A mixture is the substance formed as a result of the physical combination of two or more substances which can be separated by physical means.
c)
The particles that make up an atom
Proton, neutron and electrons
d)
Energy changes
i)
An orange falls from a tree to the ground
Potential energy → Kinetic energy → Sound energy + Heat energy
ii)
A carpenter hits a nail with a raised hammer
Potential energy → Kinetic energy → Sound energy + Heat energy
6.
(a)
Define the following terms and give one example of each:
(i)
Element
(ii)
Mixture
(iii)
Compound
(b)
Explain the following terms:
(i)
Work
(ii)
Energy
(c)
State the units in which each of the following are measured:
(i)
Power
(ii)
Energy
(iii)
Electric current
(iv)
Temperature
(d)
A body of mass 100 kg is placed at a point 2 m above the ground. What is the potential energy of the body with reference to the ground?
[Take g = 10 ms-2]
(e)
State three characteristics of each of the following:
(i)
An insect pollinated flower
(ii)
A wind pollinated flower
(a)
(i)
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down/split into simpler substances by any known chemical means.
Examples of elements (First 20 elements)
| Atomic Number | Element | Symbol |
| 1 | Hydrogen | H |
| 2 | Helium | He |
| 3 | Lithium | Li |
| 4 | Beryllium | Be |
| 5 | Boron | B |
| 6 | Carbon | C |
| 7 | Nitrogen | N |
| 8 | Oxygen | O |
| 9 | Fluorine | F |
| 10 | Neon | Ne |
| 11 | Sodium | Na |
| 12 | Magnesium | Mg |
| 13 | Aluminium | Al |
| 14 | Si | Silicon |
| 15 | Phosphorus | P |
| 16 | Sulphur | S |
| 17 | Chlorine | Cl |
| 18 | Argon | Ar |
| 19 | Potassium | K |
| 20 | Calcium | Ca |
(ii)
Mixture is what is formed when two or more substances are put together/combine physically.
Examples of mixtures
1. Air
2. Salt solution
3. Sugar solution
4. Common salt and sand mixed together
5. Muddy water
6. Alcohol and water mixed together
7. Powdered charcoal and iron filings mixed together
8. Powdered chalk and water mixed together
9. Iodine and sand mixed together
10. Sodium chloride/common salt and sand mixed together
11. Sawdust and iron filings mixed together
12. Powdered charcoal and water mixed together
13. Brass
14. Bronze
(iii)
A compound is the substance formed as a result of the chemical combination of two or more elements.
OR
A compound is a substance which is made up of two or more elements chemically combined.
Examples of compounds
1. Water/H2O
2. Common salt/Sodium chloride/NaCl
3. Carbon dioxide/CO2
4. Ammonia/NH3
5. Cupric oxide/Copper (II) oxide/CuO
6. Sulphuric acid/H2SO4
7. Sodium hydroxide/NaOH
8. Ammonium chloride/NH4Cl
9. Hydrochloric acid/HCl
10. Copper (II) sulphate/Copper (II) tetraoxosulphate (VI)/CuSO4
11. Iron (II) chloride/FeCl3
12. Magnesium chloride /MgCl2
13. Iron (II) sulphide/FeS
14. Ammonium hydroxide/NH4OH
15. Calcium carbonate/CaCO3
16. Calcium chloride/CaCl2
17. Silver chloride/AgCl
18. Sodium tetraoxosulphate (VI)/Na2SO4
19. Sodium nitrate/Sodium trioxonitrate (V)/NaNO3
20. Potassium sulphate/Potassium tetraoxosulphate (VI)/K2SO4
(b)
(i)
Work is said to be done when an application of a force moves an object through a distance in the direction of the force
OR
Work is said to be done when a force moves a body through a distance in the direction of the force.
(ii)
Energy is the ability to do work.
(c)
Units of measurement:
(i)
Power → Watts (W)
(ii)
Energy → Joules (J)
(iii)
Electric current → Amperes (A)
(iv)
Temperature → Kelvin (K)/Degree celsius (°C)
(d)
Potential energy = Mass (m) x Acceleration due to gravity (g) x Height (h)
Mass (m) = 100 kg
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10 ms-2
Height (h) = 2 m
Potential energy = 100 kg x 10 ms-2 x 2 m
Potential energy = 2000 J
(e)
i)
Characteristics of an insect pollinated flower
1. Petals are large
2. Petals are brightly coloured
3. The flower is usually scented
4. The flower has nectar
5. Stigma is inside the flower
6. Stigma is compact and sticky
7. Pollen grains produced per anther are few
8. Pollen grains are sticky, large, rough and heavy
9. Filaments are short and stout
ii)
Characteristics of a wind pollinated flower
1. Have less brightly coloured petals/petals are dull in colour
2. Petals are small in sizes and not easily seen or absent
3. The flower lacks nectar
4. The flower is not scented
5. Large amount of pollen grains are produced per anther
6. Have feathery/hairy stigma
7. Stigma hangs down to be able to catch pollen grains floating in the air
8. Pollen grains are small, light or dry and smooth
9. Filaments are long and flexible