OBJECTIVE TEST

The skin is made up of

One layer

Two layers

Three layers

Four layers

Six layers

Answer: B

A substance of mass 10 kg has a density of 2.0 kgm^-3. Calculate its volume.

0.2 m³

5.0 m³

10.0 m³

20.0 m³

Answer: B

Density = $\frac{Mass}{Volume}$

Density x Volume = Mass

Dividing both sides by Density

Volume = $\frac{Mass}{Density}$

Volume = $\frac{10kg}{2 kg m^{-3}}$

Volume = 5 m³

The force which is able to hold light objects on the surface of liquids is called

surface tension

friction

capillarity

viscosity

cohesion

Answer: A

In which of the following electrical appliances is electrical energy mainly converted to heat energy?

Cooker

Fan

Refrigerator

Tape recorder

Television set

Answer: A

A beneficial effect of wind on the environment is

promotion of photosynthesis in green plants.

pollination in flowering plants.

leaching in soils.

erosion in soils.

Answer: B

Which of the following parts of the human body are sense organs?

I. Tongue
II. Hair
III. Nose
IV. Skin

I and IV only

II and III only

I, II and III only

I, III and IV only

I, II, III and IV

Answer: D

Which of the following energy sources is/are environmentally friendly?

I. Wind

II. Hydro

III. Biomass

I only

II only

I and II only

I, II and III

Answer: D

An example of a lever in which the effort is applied at the middle is a

wheelbarrow.

pair of forceps.

pair of scissors.

beam balance.

Answer: B

Forceps

Which of the following insect(s) show(s) the egg, nymph and adult stages in its life cycle?

I. Grasshopper

II. Housefly

III. Mosquito

I only

I and II only

II and III only

I, II and III

Answer: A

Grasshopper life cycle

Grasshoppers are hemimetabolous insects. Hence, their life cycle consists of three stages – the egg, the nymph, and the adult.

Housefly life cycle

The life cycle of housefly comprises four stages namely, egg, larva, pupa and adult.

Mosquito life cycle

Life cycle of mosquito consists of four stages namely, egg, larval, pupal, and adult.

10.

Photosynthesis occurs only in green plants because they

absorb water

are found in the tropics

are very active

contain chlorophyll

take in carbon dioxide

Answer: D

11.

Feel Method is used to determine soil

air.

colour.

structure.

texture.

Answer: D

12.

The figure below shows a simple electric circuit.

Use it to answer the question below.

The switch is represented by

III

Answer: C

COMPONENTS OF CIRCUIT

13.

The angle between a ray of light and the surface it strikes is 30°. Calculate the angle of incidence.

210°

120°

90°

60°

30°

Answer: D

14.

When gases are heated they

melt.

sublime.

decrease in volume.

decrease in intermolecular forces

Answer: D

When a particle is heated

The intermolecular forces are the attractions between the molecules when temperature increases it develops more distance between molecules and because of this attraction decreases, resulting intermolecular force decreases.

Intermolecular forces decreases on heating as the particles gain energy and start vibrating.

The intermolecular space between particles increases and they overcome the intermolecular forces.

Hence, the intermolecular forces decrease on heating because kinetic energy increases and space between particles increases.

15.

Which of the following statements about friction is not true?

It wears off materials

It produces heat

It opposes motion

It increases speed

Answer: D

16.

An example of a noble gas is

chlorine

neon.

nitrogen.

oxygen.

Answer: B

The noble gases, also known as the inert gases and aerogens, are the elements that belong to group 18 of the modern periodic table. The elements that belong to this group are:

1. Helium (He)
2. Neon (Ne)
3. Argon (Ar)
4. Krypton (Kr)
5. Xenon (Xe)
6. Radon (Rn)

They are known to possess extremely low chemical reactivity (hence the name inert gas). This is because all the noble gases have stable electronic configurations. This is the reason why noble gases do not form molecules easily and are mostly found as mono-atomic gases.

17.

Which of the following part of a flower grows into the seed?

Stamen

Ovule

Ovary

Stigma

Sepal

Answer: B

18.

Soil acidity can be reduced by adding

acid solution

ammonium sulphate

fertilizer

lime

rotten leaves

Answer: D

19.

A positively charged ion is called

anion.

cation.

neutron.

proton.

Answer: B

20.

Which of the following processes can occur at all temperatures?

Boiling

Evaporation

Melting

Sublimation

Answer: B

21.

The charge of sulphur in the compound SO₂ is

-2

-4

Answer: D

Ideally sulphur shares 4 of it's electron with oxygen in a covalent bond so there won't be any charge in this case. But in the sense that sulphur donates 4 of it's electron to oxygen so that each of the two oxygens' configuration can be stable (2,8), then it can be said to be +4.

Note: The atomic number of Oxygen is 8, hence its electronic configuration for a neutral Oxygen will be 2,6 (missing 2 electrons to be stable, thus to complete the 8 electrons which is suppose to be the total number of electrons in the second, third, fourth etc. shells).

22.

Kerosene and petrol are obtained from crude oil by

distillation

condensation

filtration

evaporation

decantation

Answer: A

23.

A stick placed in water appears to be bent because light travelling from the water to the air is

dispersed.

displaced.

refracted.

reflected.

Answer: C

Refraction is the bending of light (it also happens with sound, water and other waves) as it passes from one transparent substance into another. This bending by refraction makes it possible for us to have lenses, magnifying glasses, prisms and rainbows. Even our eyes depend upon this bending of light.

24.

The importance of fuse in an electrical circuit is to

regulate the voltage.

prevent damage to electrical appliances.

alter the flow of current in the circuit.

minimize the use of current.

Answer: B

25.

The attracting power of magnets is greatest at the

centre.

edges.

poles.

sides.

surface.

Answer: C

26.

Which of the following encourages the spread of venereal diseases?

Poor family planning

Drug Abuse

Mental ill health

Parental wealth

Indiscriminate sexual intercourse

Answer: E

27.

The lion is a typical example of

a pet

a carnivore

an omnivore

a herbivore

a parasite

Answer: B

28.

The female part of a flower is called the

filament.

petal.

pollen grain.

sepal.

Style.

Answer: E

29.

The lion is a carnivore because it eats

flesh.

grass.

fruits.

uncooked food.

Answer: A

Types of feeding by animals

Carnivore: the eating of animals/flesh.
Herbivore: the eating of plants.
Omnivore: the eating of both plants, animals, fungi, bacteria etc.

30.

Which of the following sources of energy is non-renewable?

I. Coal
II. Solar
III. Wind
IV. Uranium-236

I, II and III only

II, III and IV only

I and IV only

II and III only

Answer: C

A renewable source can replenish itself at the rate it is used, while a non-renewable source has a limited supply.

Renewable sources include timber, wind, and solar while non-renewable sources include coal and natural gas.

31.

Which of the following food substances is not oxidized during respiration?

Fatty acids

Amino acids

Glucose

Cellulose

Vitamins

Answer: E

32.

A mixture of raw starch and water is best separated by

boiling

distillation

decantation

winnowing

crystallization

Answer: C

33.

The sun and the planets form the

atmosphere.

constellation.

milky way.

solar system.

universe.

Answer: D

34.

Which of the following statements about machines is/are true?

I. The commonest and simplest of all machines is the lever
II. The efficiency of a machine is the ratio of work output to work input
III. The efficiency of a machine is usually less than one
IV. Machines make working much easier and convenient

I only

I and II only

I and III only

I, II and III only

I, II, III and IV

Answer: E

35.

Which of the following illustrations shows the correct direction of the lines of force around a bar magnet?

Answer: B

The direction of magnetic lines of force of a bar magnet is from north to south pole outside the magnet as shown in figure below.

36.

Brass is an alloy of

iron and carbon

zinc and copper

iron and copper

copper and tin

Answer: B

37.

Which of the following items converts chemical energy to electrical energy?

Dry cell

Electric bulb

Loudspeaker

Microphone

Answer: A

38.

The substance that sublimes when heated is

baking powder.

camphor.

common salt.

sugar.

Sulphur.

Answer: B

39.

Which of the following natural cycles directly involves the sun?

I. Carbon cycle
II. Water cycle
III. Nitrogen cycle

I, II and III

I and II only

II and III only

I only

Answer: B

40.

The number of oxygen atoms present in three molecules of carbon dioxide is

Answer: D

THEORY QUESTIONS

What is an embryo?

ii)

Where does an embryo develop in the female mammal?

iii)

Describe briefly how a developing embryo breathes in oxygen.

Name three plant nutrients.

What is an electrical insulator?

ii)

Explain how a comb rubbed vigorously on dry hair attracts small pieces of paper.

List the chemical substances that are used in the preparation of ammonia gas in the laboratory.

ii)

Write down balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

Embryo is the first stage of the development of a zygote (eight weeks after conception in mammals).

ii)

In the womb or uterus of the female mammal

iii)

How a developing embryo breathes in oxygen

Oxygen from the mother's blood diffuses through the placenta into the embryo.

Plant nutrients

1. Nitrogen
2. Calcium
3. Zinc
4. Iron
5. Magnesium
6. Phosphorus
7. Potassium
8. Sulphur

An electrical insulator is a substance/material which does not conduct electrcity

An electrical insulator is a substance/material which does not allow electricity to pass through it

ii)

How a comb rubbed vigorously on dry hair attracts small pieces of paper

1. Comb rubbed in hair causes the comb to be charged
2. When the comb is brought near pieces of paper it induces an oppsite charge on the pieces of paper
3. The pieces of paper are attracted to the comb because of the opposite charges

Chemical substances that are used in the preparation of ammonia gas

1. Ammonium chloride
2. Calcium hydoxide/Calcium oxide

ii)

2NH₄Cl + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCl₂ + 2H₂O + 2NH₃(g)

2NH₄Cl + CaO → CaCl₂ + H₂O + 2NH₃(g)

State two differences between an ecosystem and a habitat.

ii)

What is meant by the term blood?

Explain why it is difficult to separate iron and sulphur mixture after strong heating.

Draw and label a diagram of a ray of light which makes an angle of 35⁰ with the surface of a plane mirror.

State two

advantages of a land rotation.

ii)

disadvantages of land rotation.

Ecosystem	Habitat
Larger	Smaller
Larger number of species	Smaller number of species
Involves different species	Involves a specific species

ii)

Blood is a body fluid that transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries away carbon dioxide and other waste products.

Reasons why iron and suphur cannot be separated when heated

After heating, a chemical change occurs and the two substances are chemically combined (compound formed) and no longer a mixture

Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
Angle of incidence + 35^o = 90^o
Angle of incidence = 90^o - 35^o
Angle of incidence = 55^o
Since angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
Angle of reflection = 55^o

Advantages of land rotation

1. It helps check the spread of diseases
2. Land regains lost nutrients after the fallow period
3. Checks spread of pests

ii)

Disadvantages of land rotation

1. Does not encourage large scale farming
2. Virgin forest is destroyed
3. Needs a lot of time and work/ not easy to practice
4. Land is not fully utilized
5. Not suitable for areas where land is scarce
6. Encourages soil erosion

(a)

(i)

What is neutralization reaction?

(ii)

Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between each of the following pairs of substances:

(α)

Sodium metal and dilute hydrochloric acid

(β)

Sodium hydroxide and dilute hydrochloric acid

(b)

Explain weaning as used in animal production.

(c)

(i)

What is a Milky Way?

(ii)

State one use of artificial satellites.

(d)

(i)

What is a habitat?

(ii)

Give two examples of a habitat.

(a)

(i)

Neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water only.

(ii)

(α)

Reaction between sodium metal and dilute hydrochloric acid

2Na(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(s) + H₂(g)

(β)

Reaction between sodium hydroxide and dilute hydrochloric acid

NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H₂O(l)

(b)

Weaning is the changing of the offspring's diet from breast milk to other kinds of food.

(c)

(i)

Milky Way is the galaxy in which the solar system is located.

Milky Way is the group of planets and stars which the earth belongs to.

(ii)

Uses of artificial satellites

1. For space exploration
2. For communication/broadcasting/telephone call
3. For weather forecasting/collecting information on the weather
4. For scientific research/experimental research/internet
5. For military purposes/spying/espionage
6. To study the universe
7. For map making
8. For navigation/satellite for navigation

(d)

(i)

Habitat is a natural living place of an organism.

Habitat is a place where an organism spends parts/all of its life.

(ii)

Examples of a habitat

1. Aquatic e.g Ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, marine (sea)

2. Terrestrial e.g Forest, Savannah, thicket

3. Arboreal e.g Tree branches, leaves

(a)

(i)

State two conditions that are required for photosynthesis to take place.

(ii)

How would you show that starch is formed during photosynthesis?

(b)

Write a balanced chemical equation to show the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.

(c)

(i)

What is a satellite?

(ii)

Give one example of a natural satellite.

(iii)

List two uses of artificial satellites.

(a)

(i)

Conditions that are required for photosynthesis to take place

1. Presence of sunlight/light
2. Presence of carbon dioxide
3. Presence of chlorophyll
4. Suitable temperature/warmth
5. Water/mineral salts

(ii)

How to show that starch is formed during photosynthesis

1. Two leaves are plucked, one from a plant exposed to sunlight for at least two hours and the other from plant kept in the dark for the same period
2. Both leaves are boiled in water to kill the cells
3. Both leaves are boiled in alcohol to remove pigmentation/chlorophyll
4. Both decolourized leaves are washed in warm water to soften them
5. Dip both leaves in iodine solution
6. The leaf plucked from plant in the sunlight turns blue black with iodine showing the formation of starch during photosynthesis
7. The leaf plucked from plant kept in the dark remains colourless showing there was no formation of starch because photosynthesis did not take place

(b)

A balanced chemical equation showing the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

(c)

(i)

A satellite is an object that moves around a larger object in space.

A satellite is an artificial body placed in orbit round the earth or another planet.

(ii)

Examples of natural satellites

1. Moon
2. Earth

Note: any named planet is also an example of a natural satellite

(iii)

Uses of artificial satellite

1. For exploring the planets/moons
2. For scientific research/experimental research/internet
3. To study the universe
4. For communications/broadcasting/telephone call
5. For weather forecast/collecting information on the weather
6. Map making
7. Spying
8. For navigation/satellite for navigation
9. Military purposes

(a)

(i)

What is soil erosion? Give two types of soil erosion

(ii)

Give three activities of man that can cause soil erosion.

(iii)

List three ways by which soil can be conserved.

(b)

(i)

What is a lever?

(ii)

Classify the following under first class, second class and third class levers.

Sugar tong
Bottle opener
Paper cutter
A pair of scissors
Fishing rod
Claw hammer

(c)

In each of the following activities, state whether the changes that occurred are:

(i)

physical or chemical

(ii)

reversible or irreversible

Some boiled cassava and plantain were pounded together into fufu.

II.

A piece of ice block is put in a cup. After a while, it is found out that the block had changed into a liquid

III.

A clean piece of nail was put into a beaker of water. After five days it was observed that the colour of the nail had changed.

(a)

(i)

Soil erosion is the removal/washing away of soil particles/topsoil by running water or rain or wind.

Types of soil erosion

1. Gully
2. Rill
3. Sheet
4. Splash

(ii)

Activities of man that can cause soil erosion

1. Road construction
2. Bush fires
3. Deforestation
4. Farming/over-cropping
5. Sand wining/soil removal for building and road construction
6. Over-grazing by farm animals

(iii)

Ways by which soil can be conserved

1. Cover cropping
2. Crop rotation
3. Green manuring
4. Fertilizer application
5. Liming
6. Composting
7. Mixed farming
8. Mixed cropping
9. Alley cropping
10. Mulching
11. Bush fallowing
12. Application of farm yard manure/kraal manure/poultry manure
13. Use of leguminous crops to fix nitrogen
14. Tillage to improve aeration
15. Irrigation
16. Afforestation and reafforestation
17. Land rotation
18. Contour ploughing
19. Erecting windbreaks

(b)

(i)

A lever is a simple machine which consists of a rigid bar/rod free to turn about a fixed turning point called the fulcrum/pivot.

(ii)

Classes of levers

First class lever	Second class lever	Third class lever
A pair of scissors Claw hammer	Bottle opener Paper cutter	Sugar tong Fishing rod

(c)

#	Activity	Change	Reversible or irreversible
I.	Some boiled cassava and plantain were pounded together into fufu.	Physical change	Irreversible
II.	A piece of ice block is put in a cup. After a while, it is found out that the block had changed into a liquid	Physical change	Reversible
III.	A clean piece of nail was put into a beaker of water. After five days it was observed that the colour of the nail had changed.	Chemical change	Irreversible

(a)

List the three particles which make up matter.

(b)

State four hereditary features in humans.

(c)

State the energy transformation that takes place in each of the following activities:

(i)

dry cell in use;

(ii)

solar panel in use;

(iii)

electric stove in use;

(iv)

hammering of a piece of metal.

(d)

State two ways each in which each of the following cultural practices is important in vegetable production:

(i)

staking;

(ii)

pruning.

(a)

The three particles which make up matter

1. Atoms
2. Molecules
3. Ions

(b)

Hereditary features in humans

1. Weight
2. Intelligence
3. Colour of the skin
4. Ability to roll the tongue
5. Temperature
6. Height/stature of an individual
7. Colour of eyes
8. Colour of hair
9. Blood group
10. Shape of face/nose/head/eye
11. Haemophilia
12. Albinism

(c)

Energy transformations

(i)

Dry cell in use

Chemical energy → Electrical energy

(ii)

Solar panel in use

Light energy → Electrical energy

(iii)

Electric stove in use

Electrical energy → Heat energy

(iv)

Hammering of a piece of metal

Chemical → Potential → Kinetic → Heat/Light/Sound

Chemical → Mechanical → Heat/Light/Sound

Chemical → Kinetic → Heat/Light/Sound

(d)

(i)

Ways in which staking is important in vegetable production

1. It supports weak/climbing stems
2. Promotes air circulation
3. Allow for easy penetrating of sunlight
4. Helps to produce clean fruits
5. It helps protects fruits from diseases/pest
6. Cultural practices such as weeding and spraying can easily be carried out
7. It facilitates harvesting
8. It reduces/minimuzes/prevents fruits from diseases/rot
9. Improves fruit quality
10. Supports plants during strong winds

(ii)

Ways in which pruning is important in vegetable production

1. It encourages easy harvesting
2. It improves air circulation in the farm
3. It promotes light penetration
4. It checks the spread of diseases
5. It prevents the spread of pests
6. It promotes the production of bigger fruits
7. It beautifies ornamental plants
8. It aids clearing of weeds