KUULCHAT
SCIENCE MOCK
OBJECTIVE TEST
1.
Germs that infect the respiratory system are frequently spread through
I. mucus.
II. air pollution.
III. coughs.
A.
I only
B.
II only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II and III
Answer: D
2.
A body of mass 50 kg falls through a height of 5 m. If the acceleration due to gravity is 10 ms-2, calculate the loss in potential energy.
A.
50 J
B.
250 J
C.
500 J
D.
2500 J
Answer: D
Potential Energy = Mass x Acceleration due to gravity x Height
Mass = 50 kg
Acceleration due to gravity = 10 ms-2
Height = 5 m
Potential Energy = 50 x 5 x 10 J
Potential Energy = 2500 J
3.
Which of the following methods of preserving food makes use of heat energy from the sun?
A.
Drying
B.
Frying
C.
Salting
D.
Refrigeration
Answer: A
4.
Which of the following is not a mammal?
A.
Whale
B.
Bat
C.
Cat
D.
Hen
E.
Mouse
Answer: D
5.
Heat from the sun by
I. Conduction
II. Convention
III. Radiation
A.
I only
B.
II only
C.
III only
D.
I, II and III
Answer: C
Radiation: is the transfer of heat energy through space by electromagnetic radiation.
Conduction: is the transfer of heat energy from one substance to another or within a substance
Convection: is the transfer of heat energy in a fluid.
6.
The type of energy stored in fuels is called
A.
light energy
B.
solar energy
C.
electrical energy
D.
kinetic energy
E.
chemical energy
Answer: E
7.
Which of the following elements has four electron shells?
A.
19K
B.
13Al
C.
15P
D.
5B
Answer: A
Electronic Configurations
19K = 2, 8, 8, 1
13Al = 2, 8, 3
15P = 2, 8, 5
5B = 2, 3
Only Potassium (19K) has four electron shells
8.
The structure of the skin that removes waste substances is the
A.
fat deposit
B.
hair
C.
sweat duct
D.
sweat gland
E.
sweat pore
Answer: D
9.
The process by which gas changes to liquid is known as
A.
melting.
B.
evaporation.
C.
condensation.
D.
boiling.
Answer: C
10.
An atom has a proton number of 17 and neutron number 18. Determine the number of electrons in the third shell of the atom.
A.
1
B.
3
C.
5
D.
7
Answer: D
The first shell of an atom takes maximum of 2 electrons and the subsequent shells take maximum of 8 electrons
Number of protons equals number of electrons in a neutral atom.
Since there are 17 protons, the atom has 17 electrons
First shell will have 2 electrons
Second shell will have 8 electrons
Third shell will have the remaining 7 electrons
11.
Which of the following solvents can be used to remove grease from the hand?
A.
Alcohol.
B.
Palm kernel oil.
C.
Turpentine.
D.
Water.
Answer: C
12.
Charles Darwin is famous for
A.
discovering penicillin.
B.
his work on the origin of the universe.
C.
his work in the field of physics.
D.
his theory of natural selection.
Answer: D
13.
The substance that sublimes when heated is
A.
baking powder.
B.
camphor.
C.
common salt.
D.
sugar.
E.
Sulphur.
Answer: B
14.
A substance is termed combustible if it
A.
easily catches fire.
B.
dissolve common salt.
C.
sublimes at room temperature.
D.
boils at 100oC.
Answer: A
15.
The planet which is farthest away from the sun is
A.
Jupiter.
B.
Mercury.
C.
Mars.
D.
Pluto
Answer: D
16.
It is easier to move a heavy load with a crowbar when the
A.
effort distance is shorter than the load distance.
B.
effort distance is longer than the load distance.
C.
effort distance is equal to the load distance.
D.
effort is equal to the load.
Answer: B
Mechanical Advantage =
Load Distance: is the distance between the pivot (fulcrum) and the load
Effort Distance: Is the distance between the pivot (fulcrum) and the effort
Since the effort distance is the numerator in the mechanical advantage formula, the greater it is than the load distance, the greater the mechanical advantage and the better the efficiency of the machine/lever.
17.
Which of the following substances is not found in the excretory products of man?
A.
Ammonium salt
B.
Common salt
C.
Glucose
D.
Water
E.
Carbon dioxide
Answer: C
18.
The organ in the human body which is responsible for the removal of urea is the
A.
heart.
B.
kidney.
C.
lung.
D.
liver.
E.
bladder.
Answer: B
19.
Heat travels through vacuum by
A.
conduction.
B.
convection.
C.
radiation.
D.
convection and radiation.
Answer: C
Conduction → heat transfer in solid
Convection → heat transfer in fluid
Radiation → heat transfer through vacuum
20.
Which of the following is likely to happen when the relative humidity is high?
A.
It is likely to rain
B.
It is likely to be dry
C.
It is likely to be sunny
D.
The day will be hot
E.
It will be windy
Answer: A
21.
An example of a vegetable crop is
A.
cocoa.
B.
cotton.
C.
potato.
D.
tomato.
Answer: D
22.
Which of the following gases is given out during photosynthesis?
A.
Carbon dioxide
B.
Carbon monoxide
C.
Nitrogen
D.
Oxygen
Answer: D
Plants use carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and give out oxygen
Animals take in oxygen during respiration and give out carbon dioxide, water and energy
23.
Which of the following substances is used to purify water for town supply?
A.
Alcohol
B.
Carbon dioxide
C.
Chlorine
D.
Nitrogen
E.
Sulphur
Answer: C
24.
Which pf the following organs is used by the fish for movement?
A.
Eye
B.
Fin
C.
Gill
D.
Tail
E.
Mouth
Answer: B
25.
Kerosene and petrol are obtained from crude oil by
A.
distillation
B.
condensation
C.
filtration
D.
evaporation
E.
decantation
Answer: A
26.
One advantage of friction is that it
A.
enables cutting tools to be sharpened.
B.
increases the efficiency of machines.
C.
produces a lot of heat in machines.
D.
wears off the sole of shoes.
Answer: A
27.
An example of a lever in which the effort is applied at the middle is a
A.
wheelbarrow.
B.
pair of forceps.
C.
pair of scissors.
D.
beam balance.
Answer: B
Forceps
28.
Which of the following statements about a transistor is correct?
A.
It can be used to amplify current.
B.
It is similar to three diodes.
C.
It consists of two leads only.
D.
It has three junctions.
Answer: A
29.
In an experiment in which a variegated leaf is used, which of the following is proved to be necessary for photosynthesis?
A.
Carbon dioxide
B.
Light
C.
Chlorophyll
D.
Water
E.
Oxygen
Answer: C
30.
An example of a non-living tissue used in osmosis experiment is
A.
cellophane
B.
filter paper
C.
potato
D.
polythene
Answer: A
31.
Landrace is a breed of
A.
cattle.
B.
goats.
C.
pigs.
D.
sheep.
Answer: C
32.
The function of the platelets in the circulatory system of humans is to
A.
transport oxygen.
B.
transport carbon dioxide.
C.
defend the body.
D.
cloth the blood.
Answer: D
33.
In the nucleus of an atom, there are
A.
neutrons and shells
B.
protons and electrons
C.
neutrons and protons
D.
electrons and shells
E.
electrons and neutrons
Answer: C
34.
The farming system which involves the growing of one type of crop on the same piece of land every season is known as
A.
mixed cropping.
B.
mixed farming.
C.
monocropping.
D.
monoculture.
Answer: C
Difference between monocropping and monoculture
Monocropping involves continuously planting the same crop for multiple seasons, while monoculture is planting a field with a single crop for a season. An organic farm may choose to grow only squash plants in one field—this is monoculture. But next season, they instead plant only kale in that same field.
35.
Urea is a good source of
A.
phosphorus in the soil.
B.
calcium in the soil.
C.
sodium in the soil.
D.
nitrogen in the soil.
Answer: D
Urea and fertilizers containing urea are excellent sources of nitrogen for crop production.
36.
Which of the following modes of heat transfer is the thermos flask designed to minimize?
I. Conduction
II. Convection
III. Radiation
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II and III
Answer: D
37.
Which of the following is an indirect source of light?
A.
Torch light
B.
The sun
C.
Fire
D.
The moon
E.
Candle flame
Answer: D
38.
Which of the following insect pests of crops has piercing and sucking mouthparts?
A.
Aphids
B.
Grasshoppers
C.
Stemborers
D.
Termites
Answer: A
39.
Photosynthesis occurs only in green plants because they
A.
absorb water
B.
are found in the tropics
C.
are very active
D.
contain chlorophyll
E.
take in carbon dioxide
Answer: D
40.
Which of the following substances is a compound?
A.
Copper
B.
Diamond
C.
Sucrose
D.
Sulphur
Answer: C
Copper and sulphur are elements. Diamond is made up of only carbon elements so can't be classified as a compound because compounds are made up of two or more different elements.
Sucrose (C12H22O11) is simply the chemical name for sugar and is a compound that consists of various elements i.e. carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that combine chemically in a definite ratio.
THEORY QUESTIONS
1.
a)
Explain briefly why a tomato plant is likely to wilt if too much fertilizer is applied.
b)
State the dangers involved in each of the following activities in the laboratory:
i)
eating or drinking water in the laboratory;
ii)
walking barefooted;
iii)
washing hands with unknown liquid in a beaker.
c)
A child is found not to be able to see at night.
i)
What deficiency disease may the child be suffering from?
ii)
What food nutrient is the child lacking?
iii)
State three source of food substances that can provide the nutrient that the child lacks.
d)
i)
What is a force?
ii)
Explain briefly why a driver could not stop a car on a slippery section of a road when he applied the brake.
a)
Why tomato plant wilts if too much fertilizer is applied
The solution in the fertilizer become more concentrated than that of the plant when the fertilizer is too much.
Osmosis then occurs (water moves from the plant to the solution in the fertilizer with the higher concentration to equalize the concentration) making the plant to lose water.
b)
i)
Dangers for eating or drinking water in the laboratory
Food/water may be contaminated with poisonous substance which will be harmful to the person when eaten or drank
ii)
Dangers for walking barefooted in the laboratory
A person may be pricked with pieces of broken glasses, pins or slip or get burnt.
iii)
Dangers for washing hands with unknown liquid in a beaker
The liquid may be acidic or corrosive which can cause burns/irritation/injury or harm the person.
c)
i)
Disease for not able to see at night
Night blindness
ii)
Night blindness is caused by difficiency of vitamin A
iii)
Vitamin A food substances
1. Leafy green vegetables such as spinach, orange and yellow vegetables such as carrots or sweet potatoes
2. Tomatoes
3. Mango/Orange/Fruits
4. Beef liver
5. Fish oils
6. Milk
7. Eggs
d)
i)
Force is a push or a pull or that which changes a body's state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line
ii)
Why brake fails on a slippery road
Because there is no friction between the tyres and the road.
2.
(a)
(i)
Give the names of organisms which cause the following diseases:
Sleeping sickness, Cholera, Malaria, Bilharzia
(ii)
Which part of the following crops does a farmer usually grow?
Banana, cocoyam, tomato, ginger, yam, cassava
(b)
Name the organs used by the following organisms for respiration:
(i)
Tilapia
(ii)
Toad
(c)
(i)
What happens to the temperature of water that is boiling in an open container?
(ii)
Give two characteristics of a liquid.
(iii)
Name the three processes by which heat is transmitted.
(iv)
State two applications of the expansion of solids in everyday life.
(d)
Explain the following terms:
(i)
Physical change
(ii)
Chemical change
(e)
State whether each of the following is a physical or a chemical change
(i)
rusting of iron
(ii)
freezing of water
(iii)
burning of wood
(iv)
fermentation
(v)
grinding of chalk
(vi)
dissolving sugar in water
(f)
Name the compound formed when theh following elements combine:
(i)
Iron and sulphur
(ii)
Zinc and oxygen
(iii)
Sodium and chlorine
(iv)
Calcium and chlorine
(a)
(i)
| Disease | Organism |
| Sleeping sickness | Trypanosome/Trypanosoma |
| Cholera | Vibrio cholerae |
| Malaria | Plasmodium |
| Biharzia | Blood fluke/Schistosoma/Schistosome |
(ii)
| Crop | Part grown |
| Banana | Sucker |
| Cocoyam | Corm/underground stem |
| Tomato | Seed |
| Ginger | Rhizome/underground stem |
| Yam | Tuber/stem tuber/underground stem |
| Cassava | Stem cutting/cassava sticks |
(b)
Organs for respiration:
(i)
Tilapia → Gills
(ii)
Toad → Lungs or skin or mouth
(c)
(i)
The temperature remains the same/unchanged/constant
(ii)
Characteristics of a liquid
1. Has no definite shape/takes the shape of container
2. Has volume/occupies space
3. Molecules/particles are not in fixed positions
4. Molecules move about randomly
5. Not compressible
(iii)
1. Conduction
2. Convection
3. Radiation
(iv)
Applications of the expansion of solids in everyday life
1. Railway line gaps
2. Rollers in metal bridges
3. Thermostat
4. Concrete slabs
5. Riveting
6. Fixing wheels
(d)
(i)
Physical change is a change in which no new substance is formed
OR
Physical change is a change in which no new substances are formed
OR
Physical change is a change in which substances retain their individual properties.
(ii)
Chemical change is a change in which a new substance is formed
OR
Chemical change is a change in which new substances are formed
OR
Chemical change is a change in which new substances formed have entirely different properties from their constituents.
(e)
| Physical change | Chemical change |
| Freezing of water | Rusting of iron |
| Grinding of chalk | Burning of wood |
| Dissolving sugar in water | Fermentation |
(f)
(i)
Iron and sulphur → Iron sulphide/Iron (II) sulphide/Iron (III) sulphide
(ii)
Zinc and oxygen → Zinc oxide
(iii)
Sodium and chlorine → Sodium chloride
(iv)
Calcium and chlorine → Calcium chloride
3.
(a)
Explain briefly how each of the following farming systems are practised:
(i)
organic farming;
(ii)
mixed farming;
(iii)
mixed cropping.
[6 marks]
(b)
Classify a mixture of each of the following pairs of substances as either a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture:
(i)
oil and water;
(ii)
salt and water;
(iii)
ethanol and water.
[3 marks]
(c)
(i)
Give two reasons why energy from the sun is said to be renewable.
(ii)
State three differences between heat and temperature.
[5 marks]
(d)
Explain briefly two effects each of the following factors on the Nitrogen cycle:
(i)
leaching;
(ii)
removal of leguminous plants.
[6 marks]
(a)
(i)
Organic farming
By using plant and animal based materials (1 mark) in the farming process, without use of agrochemicals/using organic fertilizers/biological pesticides (1 mark)
2 marks
(ii)
Mixed farming
By growing of crops and raising of animals on the same farm/plot (1 mark) at the same time/season (1 mark)
2 marks
(iii)
Mixed cropping
By growing of two or more arable crops on the same piece of land, (1 mark) (without any sequence or arrangement) at the same (1 mark)
2 marks
(b)
(i)
Oil and water → Heterogeneous (1 mark)
(ii)
Salt and water → Homogeneous (1 mark)
(iii)
Ethanol and water → Homogeneous (1 mark)
3 marks
(c)
(i)
Reasons why energy from the sun is said to be renewable
1. Energy from the sun is continuous/constantly replenished (1 mark)
2. Energy from the sun does not get exhausted/inexhaustible within a human time scale/non-depletable (1 mark)
2 marks
(ii)
Differences between heat and temperature
| # | Heat | Temperature |
| 1 | Form of energy | Measure of/Degree of hotness of a body |
| 2 | Measured in joules | Measured in Kelvin/°C |
| 3 | Measured using a calorimeter | Measured using a thermometer |
| 4 | Flows from hot body to cold body | Rises when heated and falls when cooled |
Any 3 x 1 mark = 3 marks
(d)
(i)
Effects of leaching on the Nitrogen cycle
1. During heavy rainfall, nitrates in the soil are washed out of the root zone of plants (1 mark)
2. And cannot be taken in by animals, (1 mark) preventing the return of the nitrogen into the soil as nitrites (1 mark)
3 marks
(ii)
Effects of removal of leguminous plants on the Nitrogen cycle
1. This results in the removal of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (1 mark)
2. Thereby preventing the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia (1 mark)
3. Eventually denying the soil nitrates and subsequently interrupting the cycle (1 mark)
3 marks
4.
(a)
(i)
Explain the term bedwetting?
(ii)
State two diseases that may result from bedwetting.
(b)
(i)
State the difference between hard water and impure water.
(ii)
Give the stages involved in the treatment of water for a community.
(c)
A piece of stone has a mass of 36.0 g. When it is put into water in a glass container, the level of water rises from 60.0 cm3 to 90.0 cm3.
(i)
Calculate the density of the stone.
(ii)
Explain what will be observed when the stone is put into another liquid of density 1.4 gcm-3?
(a)
(i)
Bedwetting is the unconscious release of urine while asleep.
(ii)
Diseases that may result from bedwetting
1. Skin rashes
2. Yaws
3. Eczema
4. Sores
(b)
(i)
Hard water is water that does not lather easily with soap while impure water contains other dissolved substances/foreign materials/bacteria and not good for human consumption.
(ii)
Stages involved in the treatment of water for a community
1. Filtration by passing water through gravel beds
2. Sedimentation by adding alum
3. Chlorination by adding chlorine (to kill germs)
4. Aeration by exposing water to air to remove odour/improve taste
5. Storage and/or distribution
(c)
(i)
Density =
Volume = Final volume - Initial volume
Volume = 90 cm3 - 60 cm3
Volume = 30.0 cm3
Density =
Density = 1.2 gcm-3
(ii)
The stone will float in the liquid because the density of the stone is less than that of the liquid.
5.
(a)
(i)
Mention the three states of matter.
(ii)
State the two methods by which one state can be converted to another.
(b)
A bag of cement is pulled along a smooth horizontal floor with a horizontal force of 1000 N.
If the work done is 100,000 J, calculate the distance through which the bag is pulled.
(c)
(i)
Draw the side view of a bony fish and label the parts.
(ii)
Explain how the fish takes in oxygen.
(iii)
For each of the following animals name two parts which help it to live in its environment
α)
Bird
β)
Fish
(a)
(i)
The three states of matter
Solid, liquid and gas.
(ii)
Methods by which one state can be converted to another
1. Melting
2. Boiling
3. Evaporation
4. Freezing
5. Condensation
6. Sublimation
(b)
Work done = Force x Distance
Work done = 100000 J
Force = 1000 N
100000 J = 1000 N x Distance
Divide both sides by 1000 N
Distance = = 100 m
(c)
(i)
Labelled parts of the side view of a body fish
(ii)
How the fish takes in oxygen
1. Water enters the mouth and passes over the gills
2. The blood in the gills absorbs the oxygen dissolved in the water
(iii)
α)
Parts of the bird which help it to live in its environment
1. Wings
2. Feet
3. Feathers
4. Air sacs
5. Beak
6. Hollow bones
7. Tail
β)
Parts of the fish which help it to live in its environment
1. Fins
2. Gills
3. Scales
4. Lateral line
5. Tail
6. Mouth
7. Swim bladder
6.
(a)
(i)
What is pollution?
(ii)
Name two types of pollution. For each type, give one pollutant and its source.
(b)
(i)
Explain the term vegetative reproduction.
(ii)
Give any two examples of plants that reproduce vegetatively.
(c)
(i)
List the parts of an atom and show the electrical charges of each of the parts.
(ii)
Explain the term work.
(iii)
Distinguish between heat and temperature and give their units.
(a)
(i)
Pollution is the release of toxic/harmful/poisonous substances into the environment.
(ii)
Types of pollution
| Types of pollution | Pollutant | Source |
| Water pollution | Untreated waste discharged into water | Industries |
| Air pollution | Carbon monoxide
Smoke |
Car exhaust |
| Land pollution | Scrap metal containers
Bottles |
Industries
Homes |
(b)
(i)
Vegetative reproduction is a form of reproduction whereby plants produce young ones from growing parts/buds of the parent plant.
(ii)
Examples of plants that reproduce vegetatively
1. Potato
2. Yam
3. Cocoyam
4. Canna lily
5. Onion
6. Plantain
7. Banana
8. Ginger
9. Pineapple
10. Bryophyllum
11. Sugar cane
12. Cassava
13. Fern
14. Elephant grass
15. Tiger nuts
16. Garlic
(c)
(i)
Parts of an atom and their electrical charges
| Part | Charge |
| Proton | + |
| Electron | -1 |
| Neutron | 0 |
(ii)
Work is said to be done when the point of application of a force moves an object through a distance in the direction of the force.
OR
Work is said to be done when a force moves a body through a distance in the direction of the force.
OR
Work is the product of force and the distance moved in the direction of the force.
OR
Work = Force x distance moved in the direction of the force
(iii)
Differences between heat and temperature
Heat is the energy which causes rise in temperature of bodies while temperature is the degree of hotness or coldness of a body.
The unit of heat is joules and temperature is kelvin or degree celsius