KUULCHAT
SCIENCE MOCK
OBJECTIVE TEST
1.
In reproduction, the embryo can be referred to as
A.
an ovary
B.
a fertile egg
C.
a fertilized egg
D.
a placenta
E.
a mature ovum
Answer: C
2.
Which of the following form part of the alimentary canal?
I. Colon
II. Gullet
III. Liver
IV. Pancreas
A.
I and II only
B.
I and IV only
C.
II and III only
D.
II and IV only
E.
I, II and III only
Answer: A
3.
The figure below shows a simple electric circuit.
Use it to answer the question below.
The purpose of the component labelled IV is to
A.
supply energy to the circuit.
B.
measure the voltage of the battery.
C.
prevent too much current from flowing.
D.
close the circuit.
Answer: C
4.
Which of the following is the cleanest source of drinking water?
A.
Lake
B.
Stagnant water
C.
River
D.
Deep well
E.
Surface well
Answer: D
5.
Which of the following substances is a mixture?
A.
Sodium chloride
B.
Sulphur dioxide
C.
Sugar solution
D.
Carbon dioxide
E.
Ammonium chloride
Answer: C
6.
Which of the following substances is a compound?
A.
Hydrogen
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Oxygen
D.
Water
Answer: D
7.
An unripe orange is said to be acidic because it
A.
has low sugar content.
B.
has bitter taste.
C.
turns red litmus paper blue.
D.
turns blue litmus paper red.
Answer: D
Acid turns blue litmus paper red. You can use the acronym BAR to remember which stands for Blue Acid Red where B stands for Blue litmus paper and A stands for Acid and R stands for Red.
Once you know that of the acid when you remember BAR, you can reverse it for the base. For a base or alkaline, red litmus paper turns blue.
8.
The skin is made up of
A.
One layer
B.
Two layers
C.
Three layers
D.
Four layers
E.
Six layers
Answer: B
9.
Which of the following processes could be used to preserve fish for a long time?
A.
Boiling only
B.
Salting only
C.
Sun drying only
D.
Boiling and sun drying
E.
Salting and sun drying
Answer: E
10.
A liquid-liquid mixture can be seperated by
A.
filtration
B.
evaporation
C.
sublimation
D.
distillation
Answer: D
Fractional distillation or distillation is a method for separating a liquid from a mixture of two or more liquids. For example, liquid ethanol can be separated from a mixture of ethanol and water by fractional distillation.
11.
The earth moves completely round the sun once in every
A.
1 day.
B.
28 days.
C.
30 days.
D.
365 days.
Answer: D
12.
A simple way of maintaining the efficiency of a machine is by
A.
oiling its parts.
B.
fitting new parts on the machine.
C.
making sure it is always working.
D.
making sure it works at low speed.
Answer: A
Friction reduces the efficiency of the machine as part of the work input is used to overcome friction. Oiling the parts reduces the friction thereby increasing the efficiency of the machine.
13.
Which of the following heavenly bodies is a star?
A.
Jupitar
B.
Moon
C.
Sun
D.
Venus
Answer: C
14.
The figure below shows a simple electric circuit.
Use it to answer the question below.
The component labelled V is a/an
A.
ammeter.
B.
battery.
C.
lamp.
D.
voltmeter.
Answer: C
COMPONENTS OF CIRCUIT
15.
Which of these is not a characteristic of all living things?
A.
Transpiration
B.
Growth
C.
Reproduction
D.
Feeding
E.
Respiration
Answer: A
16.
One advantage of soft water over hard water is that soft water
A.
Has a pleasant taste
B.
Can prevent heart diseases
C.
Does not waste soap
D.
Forms scales in kettle
Answer: C
17.
What force makes a ripe mango fall from a tree?
A.
Force of tension
B.
Magnetic force
C.
Electrostatic force
D.
Gravitational force
Answer: D
Gravitational force
The force due to which any matter is attracted towards the centre of the Earth is known as the force of gravity. The mango fell due to the force of gravity of Earth.
18.
Charles Darwin is famous for
A.
discovering penicillin.
B.
his work on the origin of the universe.
C.
his work in the field of physics.
D.
his theory of natural selection.
Answer: D
19.
Which of the following does not play any part in digestion?
A.
Mouth
B.
duodenum
C.
rectum
D.
pancreas
E.
Stomach
Answer: C
20.
Which of the following gases is involved in the rusting of iron?
A.
Hydrogen
B.
Oxygen
C.
Nitrogen
D.
Carbon dioxide
Answer: B
21.
Food substances are transported from the leaves to various parts of a plant through the
A.
cambium.
B.
epidermis.
C.
phloem.
D.
xylem.
Answer: C
TRANSPOT SYSTEM IN PLANTS
22.
The raw material for photosynthesis is
A.
carbon dioxide.
B.
chlorophyll.
C.
mineral salts.
D.
oxygen.
E.
sunlight.
Answer: A
23.
Oxygen is made available to all cells of the human body by the
A.
plasma.
B.
platelets.
C.
white blood cells.
D.
red blood cells.
Answer: D
24.
The weight of an object is the
A.
force with which the sun pulls it
B.
force with which the moon pulls it
C.
force of the object when gravity is not acting on it
D.
force with which gravity acts on it
E.
mass of the object
Answer: D
25.
Which of the following substances is added to the soil to reduce its acidity?
A.
Charcoal
B.
Humus
C.
Lime
D.
Manure
Answer: C
Lime is a base, hence neutralizes the acid in the soil.
26.
An example of the process of osmosis is
A.
Selective reabsorption
B.
Absorption of digested food
C.
The spread of petrol scent
D.
Gaseous exchange in living things
Answer: A
27.
There are thick forests in part of the world where the climate is
A.
Hot and wet
B.
cool and wet
C.
hot and dry
D.
cool and dry
E.
warm and dry
Answer: B
28.
Which of the following blood vessels carries deoxygenated blood?
A.
Aorta
B.
Pulmonary artery
C.
Pulmonary vein
D.
Renal artery
Answer: B
29.
Which of the following practices is not a principle of crop rotation?
A.
Legumes should be added to the rotation programme.
B.
Deep rooted crops should be followed by shallow rooted crops.
C.
Crops that are closely related should follow each other.
D.
Fallow period should be allowed during the time of rotation.
Answer: C
30.
A patient who coughs and spits out blood may be suffering from
A.
asthma
B.
pneumonia
C.
measles
D.
tuberculosis
E.
influenza
Answer: D
31.
Brine is a saturated solution of
A.
sodium chloride and carbon dioxide
B.
calcium carbonate and water
C.
sodium chloride and water
D.
calcium carbonate and kerosene
E.
magnesium and water
Answer: C
32.
Chlorine gas is an example of
A.
an atom.
B.
an element.
C.
a compound.
D.
a molecule.
Answer: D
33.
Which of the following statements about acids correct
I. They react with the calcium carbonate to give a gas
II. They turn red litmus paper blue
III. They react with reactive metals to give a gas
IV. They turn blue litmus paper red
A.
I, II and IV only
B.
I, II and III only
C.
II, III and IV only
D.
D. I, III and IV
Answer: D
An acid is a substance that donates protons (in the Brønsted-Lowry definition) or accepts a pair of valence electrons to form a bond (in the Lewis definition). acid, any substance that in water solution tastes sour, changes the color of certain indicators (e.g., reddens blue litmus paper), reacts with some metals (e.g., iron) to liberate hydrogen, reacts with bases to form salts, They react with the calcium carbonate to give a gas and promotes certain chemical reactions (acid catalysis).
34.
Calculate the voltage across a wire of resistance 4 ohms if 3 amperes of current is passed through it.
A.
0.75 V
B.
1.00 V
C.
1.33 V
D.
7.00 V
E.
12.00 V
Answer: E
35.
Which type of vegetation favours both wet and hot environmental conditions?
A.
Strand and mangrove
B.
Coastal savannah
C.
Guinea savannah
D.
Tropical forest
Answer: D
36.
The stretched arm of a JSS student holding a stone in the palm is an example of a
A.
First class lever
B.
Second class lever
C.
Third class lever
D.
Fourth class lever
E.
Fifth class lever
Answer: C
37.
All flowering plants end their life cycle with
A.
seed formation.
B.
seed development.
C.
seed dispersal.
D.
seed germination.
Answer: C
A flowering plant is simply a plant that produces flowers, and these flowers turn into fruits.
Flowering plants go through several stages: Germination, Pollination, Fertilization, and Dispersal.
The final stage in a flowering plant life cycle is seed dispersal.
38.
The combining power of an element is called
A.
ion
B.
electron
C.
atom
D.
valency
E.
proton
Answer: D
39.
Digestion of proteins starts from the
A.
duodenum.
B.
ileum.
C.
mouth.
D.
stomach.
Answer: D
40.
Which of the following statements best explains the term ecosystem? It is
A.
a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same place at the same time.
B.
a group of populations living in the same area at the same time.
C.
the part of the earth's environment where life exists.
D.
a community of living and non-living things interacting with each other.
Answer: D
THEORY QUESTIONS
1.
a)
Define each of the following terms:
i)
alloy
ii)
diffusion
iii)
colloid
b)
Give two examples each of:
i)
alloy
ii)
colloid
c)
i)
What is pollution?
ii)
List two pollutants each of:
α)
air
β)
water
γ)
land
d)
A coconut of weight 50 N hangs 15 m above the ground.
i)
Name the type of energy possessed by the coconut.
ii)
Calculate the value of this energy
a)
i)
An alloy is a uniform/homogenous mixture of two or more metals or a metal and non-metal.
ii)
Diffusion is the process whereby molecules/particles of a liquid/gas move from a region of higher concentration to a region of a lower concentration until they are uniformly spread throughout an occupied space.
iii)
A colloid is a suspension in which the suspended particles are very small in size but bigger than the molecules of the solvent and are permanently suspended/does not settle on standing.
b)
i)
Examples of alloy
1. Bronze
2. Brass
3. Steel
4. Solder
5. Duralumin
6. Cupronickel
ii)
Examples of colloid
1. Emulsion paint
2. Fog
3. Smoke
4. Milk
5. Toothpaste
6. Mist
7. Soap lather
8. Clay in water
9. Chalk in water
10. Gel
11. Aerosols
c)
i)
Pollution is the release of toxic/harmful/poisonous substances into the environment.
ii)
α)
Pollutants of air
1. Smoke
2. Exhaust fumes
3. Dust
4. Carbon monoxide
5. Sulphur (IV) oxide (SO2)
6. Sulphur (VI) oxide (SO3)
β)
Pollutants of water
1. Untreated sewage/waste
2. DDT
3. Fertilizer
4. Detergents
5. Factory wastes
6. Oil spillage/discharge from oil tankers
γ)
Pollutants of land
1. Scrap metals
2. Empty tins
3. Polyethylene bags
4. Bottles
5. Sewage
6. Refuse
7. Mining and quarrying waste
d)
i)
Potential energy
ii)
Potential Energy = Mass (m) x Acceleration due to gravity (g) x Height (h)
Weight = Mass x Acceleration due to gravity
Potential Energy = Weight x Height
Weight = 50 N
Height = 15 m
Potential Energy = 50 N x 15 m = 750 J
2.
(a)
(i)
What is meant by a satellite?
(ii)
State one difference between a natural and an artificial satellite.
(iii)
State two uses of artificial satellite.
(b)
Give two differences between the mass and weight of a body.
(c)
Write the chemical formulae for the following substances.
(i)
Calcium oxide;
(ii)
Water;
(iii)
Copper sulphate.
(d)
What will be the effect on the colour of blue litmus paper when it is dropped in each of the following solutions?
(i)
Sodium hydroxide solution;
(ii)
Dilute hydrochloric acid;
(iii)
Lime juice;
(iv)
Water.
(e)
(i)
Define breathing
(ii)
Arrange the following parts of the human being respiratory system in order in which air from the atmosphere passes through them during breathing:
Trachea, nostrils, lungs and bronchus.
(iii)
Describe briefly what happens to a piece of bread when it reaches the duodenum of a human being.
(a)
(i)
A satellite is an object which moves around a planet in space
(ii)
Differences between a natural and an artificial satellite
| Natural satellite | Artificial satellite |
| Has no engine | Uses rockets/engines |
| Not projected by man | Launched into space by man |
| It is permanent | It is temporary |
| Created by God before our forefathers | Man made |
| Its orbit is fixed | Its orbit can be varied |
(iii)
Uses of artificial satellites
1. For exploring the planets/moons
2. For scientific research/experimental research/internet
3. To study the universe
4. For communications/broadcasting/telephone call
5. For weather forecast/collecting information on the weather
6. Map making
7. Spying
8. For navigation/satellite for navigation
9. Military purposes
(b)
Differences between the mass and weight of a body
| Mass | Weight |
| Mass is measured in kilogrammes (Kg) | Weight is measured in newtons (N) |
| Mass is not a force | Weight is a force |
| Mass is a scalar quantity | Weight is a vector quantity |
| Mass is constant everywhere | Weight varies from place to place |
(c)
(i)
Calcium oxide → CaO
(ii)
Water → H2O
(iii)
Copper sulphate → CuSO4
(d)
| # | Solution + Blue litmus paper | Observation |
| i) | Sodium hydroxide solution | No colour change on litmus paper/colour of litmus paper remains the same because sodium hydroxide is a base |
| ii) | Dilute hydrochloric acid | The colour of the litmus paper changes from blue to red because hydrochloric acid is an acid |
| iii) | Lime juice | The colour of the litmus paper changes from blue to red because lime juice is an acid |
| iv) | Water | No colour change on litmus paper/colour of litmus paper remains the same because water is neutral |
(e)
(i)
Breathing is the process by which animals take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide through their lungs/respiratory organs.
(ii)
The human being respiratory system in order in which air from the atmosphere passes through them during breathing
Nostrils → Trachea → Bronchus → Lungs
(iii)
Digestion of a piece of bread when it reaches the duodenum of a human being
1. When the bread gets into the duodenum, the pancreas produces a liquid called pancreatic juice
2. The pancreatic juice contains an enzyme called amylase which breaks down the bread (carbohydrate) into complex sugar (maltose)
3.
(a)
Mention five differences between plants and animals.
(b)
Define each of the following terms, giving one example in each case:
(i)
Compound;
(ii)
Element.
(c)
(i)
Give two differences between an electrical insulator and a conductor.
(ii)
Draw and label a simple electrical circuit made up of a cell and a switch connected to two electric bulbs connected in parallel.
(a)
Differences between plants and animals
| Plants | Animals |
| Respond slowly to stimuli | Respond quickly to stimuli |
| Autotrophic/manufacture their own food from simple inorganic materials | Heterotrophic/do not manufacture their own food |
| Level of coordination is less than in animals due to absence of complex nervous system | Have complex nervous system which is responsible for their ability to exhibit complex behaviour |
| Do not move from place to place | Move freely from place to place |
| Cells possess large and permanent vacuoles/Large vacuole | Cells possess small and temporary vacuoles |
| Cells possess chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll | Cells have no chloroplasts |
| Excess carbohydrates are stored as starch | Excess carbohydrates in cells are stored as glycogen |
| Take in carbon dioxide to prepare food and release oxygen into the atmosphere | Take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere |
| Cells have cell wall | Cells have no cell wall |
| Have cellulose | Have no cellulose |
| Growth takes place at definite regions/growth is localized | Growth takes place in all body parts |
| Waste products are stored and used by plants | Animal by-products are toxic/poisonous to cell and must be excreted |
(b)
(i)
A compound is a substance which contains two or more elements chemically combined and cannot be separated by any physical method.
Examples of compounds
1. Water/H2O
2. Common salt/Sodium chloride/NaCl
3. Carbon dioxide/CO2
4. Ammonia/NH3
5. Cupric oxide/Copper (II) oxide/CuO
6. Sulphuric acid/H2SO4
7. Sodium hydroxide/NaOH
8. Ammonium chloride/NH4Cl
9. Hydrochloric acid/HCl
10. Copper (II) sulphate/Copper (II) tetraoxosulphate (VI)/CuSO4
11. Iron (II) chloride/FeCl3
12. Magnesium chloride /MgCl2
13. Iron (II) sulphide/FeS
14. Ammonium hydroxide/NH4OH
15. Calcium carbonate/Carbon (IV) oxide/CaCO3
16. Calcium chloride/CaCl2
17. Silver chloride/AgCl
18. Sodium tetraoxosulphate (VI)/Na2SO4
19. Sodium nitrate/Sodium trioxonitrate (V)/NaNO3
20. Potassium sulphate/Potassium tetraoxosulphate (VI)/K2SO4
(ii)
An element is a pure substance made up of atoms of the same kind.
OR
An element is chemically a simplest substance that cannot be broken down into any simpler form by any known chemical means.
Examples of elements (First 20 elements)
| Atomic Number | Element | Symbol |
| 1 | Hydrogen | H |
| 2 | Helium | He |
| 3 | Lithium | Li |
| 4 | Beryllium | Be |
| 5 | Boron | B |
| 6 | Carbon | C |
| 7 | Nitrogen | N |
| 8 | Oxygen | O |
| 9 | Fluorine | F |
| 10 | Neon | Ne |
| 11 | Sodium | Na |
| 12 | Magnesium | Mg |
| 13 | Aluminium | Al |
| 14 | Si | Silicon |
| 15 | Phosphorus | P |
| 16 | Sulphur | S |
| 17 | Chlorine | Cl |
| 18 | Argon | Ar |
| 19 | Potassium | K |
| 20 | Calcium | Ca |
(c)
(i)
Differences between electrical insulators and electrical conductors
| Electrical insulators | Electrical conductors |
| Does not conduct electricity | Conducts electricity |
| Has narrow conduction energy band | Has wide conduction energy band |
| There exists a wide forbidden energy gap between valence and conduction band | Has no forbidden energy gap |
| Electrons firmly bound to nucleus | Electrons loosely bound to nucleus |
| There are no free electrons | Has more free electrons |
(ii)
A simple electrical circuit made up of a cell and a switch connected to two electric bulbs connected in parallel
4.
(a)
State two important components each of the soils that helps:
(i)
Crops to grow well;
(ii)
To maintain good soil structure.
(b)
(i)
Explain how energy in a windmill is obtained
(ii)
State one source of renewable energy.
(c)
(i)
Explain why steel is preferred to iron in building construction.
(ii)
State two ways of preventing rusting.
(d)
State three ways of preventing indigestion.
(a)
Important components of the soils that helps
(i)
Crops to grow well
1. Nutrients/humus
2. Air/living organisms
3. Water
(ii)
To maintain good soil structure
1. Soil particles
2. Organic matter/humus
3. Living organisms
(b)
(i)
How energy in a windmill is obtained
When the wind blows, the windmill turns the propeller-like blades of a turbine around a rotor, which spins a generator, which creates electricity (energy).
(ii)
Sources of renewable energy
1. Sun
2. Wind
3. Water/hydropower
4. Biomass
5. Tides
6. Geothermal source/heat from the ground
(c)
(i)
Why steel is preferred to iron in building construction
Steel is preferred to iron because it has higher resistance to corrosion (rusting) than steel and has a high tensile strength
(ii)
Ways of preventing rusting
1. Painting
2. Plating or galvanizing
3. Alloying
4. Greasing or oiling
5. Keeping metal at dry place
6. Cathodic protection
(d)
Ways of preventing indigestion
1. Avoid eating late
2. Avoid eating acidic foods
3. Avoid sleeping immediately after meal
4. Chewing food properly
5. Avoid spicy food
6. Avoid eating at regular intervals
7. Avoid eating too much food at a time/eat small food at a time
8. Limit food or drinks that contain caffeine
9. Quit smoking
10. Drink beverages after meal and not during meals
5.
(a)
In an experiment, as in the set-up above, two glass containers A and B of different sizes are joined together with a tube and clipped.
Water is poured into container A to a height of 30 cm and a red liquid is poured into B to a height of 10 cm. The clip is then removed so that the liquids join together.
(i)
State two observations that will be made immediately the clip is removed.
(ii)
Explain the observations in (i).
(iii)
What two observations will be made after a long time? Explain.
(b)
The set-up below is used in the preparation of ammonia gas in the laboratory
Study it and answer the questions that follow.
(i)
Name the parts labelled a, b and c
(ii)
What is the meaning of the arrow sign d?
(iii)
What is the function of the calcium oxide?
(iv)
Why has c been tilted downwards?
(v)
State the method by which the gas is collected.
(vi)
How will you test for the gas?
(vii)
Give the names and the chemical formulae of the compounds that form the content of c.
(c)
In an experiment, a leaf that is partly green and partly yellow is plucked from a tree and the leaf is
I boiled for a minute,
II dipped in warm alcohol,
III washed in cold water,
IV dipped in iodine solution.
One part of the leaf turns blue-black after the dipping in iodine solution while the other part remains unchanged.
(i)
Explain why each of the processes I, II and III
(ii)
Which part of the leaf turns blue-black? Explain.
(iii)
Why does the other part of the leaf not change colour?
(iv)
What conclusion can you draw from the experiment?
(a)
(i)
1. The level of water decreases and the level of the red liquid rises
2. Red liquid moves/diffuses into the water
(ii)
1. Water is at a higher potential/level/pressure so it moves in the direction of lower potential/level/pressure
2. Molecules of red liquid at a higher concentration moves towards region of lower concentration/molecules of red liquid diffuse into the water
(iii)
1. The level of the liquids will be the same/motion of the liquids stop (greater than 10 cm but lower than 30 cm) because the same pressure will be exerted by the liquids in A and B
2. The colour of the liquid in A and B will be uniform/same (pale/light red) because the concentration will be the same
(b)
(i)
a → ammonia gas
b → gas jar
c → round bottomed flask
(ii)
The meaning of the arrow sign d is heating
(iii)
The calcium oxide dries the gas produced
(iv)
c is tilted downwards to prevent condensed water from falling back into the hot flask/to cause cracking
(v)
Upward delivery/downward displacement of air
(vi)
Test for the ammonia gas
Damp/moist red litmus paper turns blue in the presence of the (ammonia) gas
OR
Gas produces fumes with HCl vapour/concentrated hydrochloric acid
OR
Gas has pungent/choky/urinal smell
(vii)
1. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)/Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
2. Ammonium chloride/Ammonium salt (NH4Cl)
(c)
(i)
I → to kill cells/stop photosynthetic process
II → to remove green pigment/decolourized
III → to wash off the alcohol/to soften the leaf
(ii)
The green part turns blue-black because photosynthesis took place in the green part to produce starch
(iii)
The other (yellow) part of the leaf not change colour because it does not contain chlorophyll/green pigment which will trap sunlight for photosynthesis to occur
(iv)
Presence of chlorophyll/green pigment in leaf is required/necessary for photosynthesis/production of starch to take place/occur
6.
(a)
What is a living cell?
(b)
Give one function of each of the following components of a living cell:
(i)
cell membrane
(ii)
chloroplast
(iii)
nucleus
(c)
Make sketches to show the arrangement of the particles in each of the three states of matter.
(d)
What instrument would you use to measure each of the following quantities:
(i)
volume of a liquid
(ii)
mass of a stone
(iii)
time
(iv)
speed of the wind?
(a)
Living cell is the smallest basic unit of a plant or animal/living organism
(b)
(i)
Functions of the cell membrane
1. It protects a cell
2. It allows only selected substances to enter or leave the cell
(ii)
Function of the chloroplast
It contains chlorophyll (green pigment) which traps sunlight for photosynthesis
(iii)
Functions of the nucleus
1. Embodies the genetic information (genes) of the organism
2. Makes cell division or reproduction possible
3. Controls the activites of the cell
(c)
Arrangement of molecules in a solid
Arrangement of molecules in a liquid
Arrangement of molecules in a gas
(d)
Measuring instruments
| # | Qunatity | Instrument(s) |
i. |
Volume of a liquid |
1. Measuring cylinder
|
ii. |
Mass of a stone |
1. Beam balance
|
iii. |
Time |
1. Watch/clock
|
iv. |
Speed of the wind |
Anemometer |