i)

Stars are natural heavenly bodies/natural bodies in space that burn to produce heat and light.

OR

Stars are glowing balls of hot gas in space.

ii)

Arrangement in order from the sun to the first four planets in the solar system

1. Mercury
2. Venus
3. Earth
4. Mars

Note: The following is an acronym to remember the nine planets in order

My (Mercury) Very (Venus) Easy (Earth) Method (Mars) Just (Jupiter) Speeds (Saturn) Up (Uranus) Nothing (Neptune)

i)

Differences between plants and animals

ii)

Similarities between plants and animals

1. They are made up of cells
2. They feed
3. They respire
4. They move
5. They are sensitive to stimuli
6. They reproduce
7. They excrete
8. They grow

i)

Pastoral farming is a type of farming system in which the farmer keeps only animals and moves from place to place with them in search of food and water.

ii)

Ecological farming is a type of farming system in which chemicals and heavy machinery are not used in order to protect the environment.

i)

Properties of water in terms of odour

Water is odourless

ii)

Properties of water in terms of taste

Water is tasteless

iii)

Properties of water in terms of effect on litmus

Water is neutral to litmus

OR

Water does not change blue or red litmus paper

OR

Water has no effect on litmus paper

i)

The stone displayed water

OR

The stone occupied space

OR

The volume of the stone was added to the water

ii)

The cork would float

OR

The stone acts as a sinker

iii)

The cork will move up again

OR

The cork will float

iv)

Volume = Final Volume - Initial Volume

v)

Density = $\frac{\mathrm{Mass}}{\mathrm{Volume}}$

Density of cork = $\frac{\mathrm{Mass\; of\; cork}}{\mathrm{Volume\; of\; cork}}$

Mass of cork = 4 g

Volume of cork = 2 cm³

Density of cork = $\frac{\mathrm{4\; g}}{2{\mathrm{cm}}^3}$

Density of cork = 2 gcm^-3

vi)

To avoid splashing/spilling of water

i)

I → Volumetric flask
II → Beaker
III → Funnel
IV → Stirring rod/Stirrer
V → Wash bottle

ii)

I → Used to prepare standard solution or prepare solution of known/given volume

II → Used to dissolve the solute/It could also be used to hold solution.

III → Transfer liquid/solution into the flask

IV → To stir or mix the solution

V → The water it contains is used to top solutions up to required level without exceeding the level/It can be used to wash solution stuck to containers for effective titration experiments

i)

I → Terminal bud II → Flower III → Leaf IV → Leaf stalk/petiole/node V → Stem VI → Root

ii)

Functions of I (Terminal bud)

1. Protects the growing regions
2. Develops into flower

Functions of II (Flower)

1. For reproduction
2. Fruit formation
3. For pollination

Functions of III (Leaf)

1. For photosynthesis/absorption of sunlight
2. For transpiration
3. For exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the plant

Functions of V (Stem)

1. Holds leaves/flowers to perform their functions
2. Transports/conducts water to parts of plant
3. For Storage of food

Functions of VI (Root)

1. Absorption of nutrients/water from the soil
2. Holds/Anchors plant firmly in the soil
3. Stores excess food in some plants

iii)

Main parts of a flowering plant

Shoot (system)
Root (system)

i)

Rabbit

ii)

I → Ear/Pinna
II → Cleft lip
III → Belly
IV → Hind limb
V → Tail
VI → Rump

iii)

Hutch

iv)

Breeds of rabbit

1. Dutch
2. Chinchilla
3 Rose
4. English
5. Beveren
6. Belgian
7. New Zealand
8. Chin Ginganta
9. Flenish Giant
10. Polish
11. New Zealand Red
12. Angora
13. California White
14. Florida White
15. Havana
16. Lilac
17. Lop
18. Rex
19. Spanish (Giant)
20. Continental Giant
21. Cinnamon
22. Silver

v)

Management practices to be adopted in order to control diseases and pests in the rearing of rabbit

1. Regular vertinary services
2. Provide good drinking water
3. The hutch should be cleaned regularly
4. The feeder should be washed
5. Disinfectant should be used
6. Dry feed should be given to the animal
7. Recommended pesticides should be used to control pests
8. Separate/isolate sick animals from healthy ones

i)

Light/lighted bulb/light ray(s)

ii)

No light would be seen/part of the cardboard B would be seen.

iii)

Light travels in a straight line and because cardboard B is shifted out of the straight line, the light is not seen again.

iv)

The lighted bulb/light/light rays(s).

v)

Linear/rectilinear propagation of light/light travels in a straight line.

vi)

i)

A → Highly inflamable/flammable/catches fire easily
B → Harmful/irritant
C → toxic/poison/poisonous
D → Danger

ii)

Highly inflammable substances (A)

1. Petrol
2. Kerosene
3. Gas/Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)
4. Sodium
5. Ethanol
6. Thinner
7. Turpentine
8. Carbon disulphide

Harmful/irritant substances (B)

1. Sodium hydroxide
2. Mineral acids/Phenol/H₂SO₄/HNO₃
3. Aluminum sulphate
4. Calcium Hydroxide

Toxic/poisonous substances (C)

1. Cyanide
2. DDT
3. Mercury
4. Lead compounds

iii)

Places where the symbols D(Danger) can be found

1. Highways/roads
2. High voltage equipment
3. Laboratories
4. Construction sites

iv)

Advantages of hazard symbols

1. They warn us of danager so that we do not harm ourselves
2. They prevent accidents or damage of properties

i)

A → Incisor B → Premolar/molar/cheek tooth C → Canine

ii)

Shape of A(Incisor)

Is chisel shaped

Shape of B(Premolar)

Has flat and broad surface with cusps/ridges/projections

Shape of C(Canine)

(Bluntly) pointed/conical

iii)

Function of A(Incisor)

For cuttin/biting

Function of B(Premolar)

For grinding/chewing/crushing

Function of C(Canine)

For tearing

iv)

I → Enamel/Crown
II → Root

i)

A → Garden fork/digging fork/foot fork
B → Spade
C → Hand trowel
D → Hand fork
E → Watering can

ii)

Uses of A(Garden fork)

1. Turning/loosening soil
2. Stirring soil

Uses of B(Spade)

1. Turning soil
2. Collection of soil
3. Levelling of soil surface
4. Mixing of animal feeds

Uses of C(Hand trowel)

1. Transplanting seedlings
2. Earthing up vegetable crops
3. Heaping soil around vegetable crops
4. Spreading manure

Uses of D(Hand fork)

Stirring/Loosening soil in nursery beds/vegetable beds

Uses of E(Watering can)

Watering

(i)

Differences between a physical change and a chemical change

(ii)

Difference between solution and suspension

A solution is a uniform/homogeneous mixture of a solute and a solvent where the solute completely disappear from sight in the solvent (liquid) whiles a suspension is a mixture of particles of an insoluble substance and a liquid whereby the particles of the substance float in the liquid. The small particles settle at the bottom of the container when it is left undisturbed.

(i)

Common salt in water → physical change

(ii)

Burning of charcoal → chemical change

(iii)

Melting of ice → physical change

(iv)

Hydrochloric acid in sodium hydroxide solution → chemical change

(i)

Parasite is any organism/living thing that lives in or on another organism/living thing called the host for its food and by so doing causes harm to the host.

(ii)

Examples of parasites and their hosts

(i)

Oxygen → O

(ii)

Chlorine → Cl

(iii)

Aluminium → Al

(iv)

Calcium → Ca

(i)

Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same flower or to the stigma of another flower of the same plant.

(ii)

Agents of pollination

1. Insects
2. Water/Rain
3. Animal/Man/Birds/Bats
4. Wind

(iii)

Function of the brightly coloured petals in insect pollination

They produce nectar which attracts insects to the plant.

i)

ii)

Work done = Force x Distance

Force = Mass x Acceleration due to gravity (g)

Mass = 80 kg
g = 10 ms^-2

Force = 80 kg x 10 ms^-2 = 800 N

Distance = 5 m

Work done = 800 N x 5 m = 4000 J

i)

Characteristics of an insect pollinated flower

1. Petals are large
2. Petals are brightly coloured
3. The flower is usually scented
4. The flower has nectar
5. Stigma is inside the flower
6. Stigma is compact and sticky
7. Pollen grains produced per anther are few
8. Pollen grains are sticky, large, rough and heavy
9. Filaments are short and stout

ii)

Characteristics of a wind pollinated flower

1. Have less brightly coloured petals/petals are dull in colour
2. Petals are small in sizes and not easily seen or absent
3. The flower lacks nectar
4. The flower is not scented
5. Large amount of pollen grains are produced per anther
6. Have feathery/hairy stigma
7. Stigma hangs down to be able to catch pollen grains floating in the air
8. Pollen grains are small, light or dry and smooth
9. Filaments are long and flexible

(i)

1. The level of water decreases and the level of the red liquid rises
2. Red liquid moves/diffuses into the water

(ii)

1. Water is at a higher potential/level/pressure so it moves in the direction of lower potential/level/pressure
2. Molecules of red liquid at a higher concentration moves towards region of lower concentration/molecules of red liquid diffuse into the water

(iii)

1. The level of the liquids will be the same/motion of the liquids stop (greater than 10 cm but lower than 30 cm) because the same pressure will be exerted by the liquids in A and B
2. The colour of the liquid in A and B will be uniform/same (pale/light red) because the concentration will be the same

(i)

a → ammonia gas
b → gas jar
c → round bottomed flask

(ii)

The meaning of the arrow sign d is heating

(iii)

The calcium oxide dries the gas produced

(iv)

c is tilted downwards to prevent condensed water from falling back into the hot flask/to cause cracking

(v)

Upward delivery/downward displacement of air

(vi)

Test for the ammonia gas

Damp/moist red litmus paper turns blue in the presence of the (ammonia) gas

OR

Gas produces fumes with HCl vapour/concentrated hydrochloric acid

OR

Gas has pungent/choky/urinal smell

(vii)

1. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)/Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

2. Ammonium chloride/Ammonium salt (NH₄Cl)

(i)

I → to kill cells/stop photosynthetic process
II → to remove green pigment/decolourized
III → to wash off the alcohol/to soften the leaf

(ii)

The green part turns blue-black because photosynthesis took place in the green part to produce starch

(iii)

The other (yellow) part of the leaf not change colour because it does not contain chlorophyll/green pigment which will trap sunlight for photosynthesis to occur

(iv)

Presence of chlorophyll/green pigment in leaf is required/necessary for photosynthesis/production of starch to take place/occur