KUULCHAT
SCIENCE MOCK
OBJECTIVE TEST
1.
An example of a vegetable crop is
A.
cocoa.
B.
cotton.
C.
potato.
D.
tomato.
Answer: D
2.
Which of the following substances causes acid rain when released into the atmosphere?
A.
Carbon dioxide
B.
Water vapour
C.
Sulphur dioxide
D.
cement dust
Answer: C
Sulfur dioxide reacts with water to form sulfurous acid (H2SO3) as the product.
S02(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO3(l)
3.
The major cause of pollution at a stone quarry is
A.
dust.
B.
human waste.
C.
acid disposal.
D.
smoke.
Answer: A
A quarry is a place where rocks, sand, or minerals are extracted from the surface of Earth.
4.
Which of the following organs are used for excretion?
I. Lung
II. Skin
III. Kidney
IV. Heart
A.
I and IV only
B.
II and III only
C.
III and IV only
D.
I, II and III only
Answer: D
5.
Which of the following practices will destroy the breeding grounds of mosquitoes?
A.
Sleeping in mosquito nets
B.
Spraying with insecticides
C.
Using insect repellent
D.
Introducing fish into ponds
E.
Burying all empty cans
Answer: B
6.
Nitrogen deficiency in soils causes
A.
poor seed formation.
B.
yellowing of leaves.
C.
purple colouration.
D.
fruit drop.
Answer: B
Slow growth and uniform yellowing of older leaves are usually the first symptoms of nitrogen (N) deficiency. Nitrogen-deficient plants produce smaller than normal fruit, leaves, and shoots.
7.
Which of the following farming systems is most effective in maintaining soil fertility?
A.
Crop rotation
B.
Land rotation
C.
Mixed cropping
D.
Monoculture
Answer: A
8.
Which of the following elements has four electron shells?
A.
19K
B.
13Al
C.
15P
D.
5B
Answer: A
Electronic Configurations
19K = 2, 8, 8, 1
13Al = 2, 8, 3
15P = 2, 8, 5
5B = 2, 3
Only Potassium (19K) has four electron shells
9.
The figure below shows a simple electric circuit.
Use it to answer the question below.
The switch is represented by
A.
IV
B.
III
C.
II
D.
I
Answer: C
COMPONENTS OF CIRCUIT
10.
Energy is the
A.
force to move an object.
B.
weight of the body.
C.
ability to do work.
D.
power to carry an object.
Answer: C
11.
The number of hydrogen atoms present in two molecules of water is
A.
1
B.
2
C.
3
D.
4
E.
5
Answer: D
12.
One similarity of physical and chemical changes is that both
A.
are easily reversible
B.
result in change of state of matter
C.
produce no change in mass
D.
are accompanied by great heat change
Answer: B
Physical and chemical changes are similar because matter experiences a change in state, Physical
changes are different because matter remains the same substance, just in a different state,
whereas chemical changes change the matter. A chemical change results from a chemical reaction,
while a physical change is when matter changes forms but not chemical identity. Examples of chemical
changes are burning, cooking, rusting, and rotting. Examples of physical changes are boiling,
melting, freezing, and shredding.
13.
The part of the flower that produces pollen grains is the
A.
stamen
B.
filament
C.
petal
D.
anther
Answer: D
pollen is produced by the anthers of the stamens in flowers. In gymnosperms, it is formed in the microsporophylls of the microstrobili (male pollen cones). Pollen consists of one or more vegetative cells and a reproductive cell. A pollen grain itself is not the male gamete. In angiosperms or the pollen containers (anthers) burst open in an explosive fashion when the sun hits them, scattering the pollen widely into the air. The stigmas often are long and divided into arms or lobes, so that a large area is available for catching pollen grains. Moreover, in open areas
14.
Use the information below to answer the question that follow.
A solid X reacted with a liquid Y to form a salt and water only. A portion of liquid Y turned blue litmus paper red. Solid X did not dissolve when a portion of it was placed in water and stirred.
Liquid Y is
A.
an acid.
B.
an alkali.
C.
a base.
D.
a metal.
Answer: A
15.
Which of the following is used by green plants for respiration?
A.
Carbon dioxide
B.
Oxygen
C.
Light
D.
Water
E.
Chlorophyll
Answer: B
16.
Which of the following statements about the properties of water are correct? It
I. is colourless and tasteless
II. is neutral to litmus paper
III. turns red litmus paper blue
IV. is a universal solvent
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
I, II and IV only
D.
I, III and IV only
Answer: C
17.
A patient has been diagnosed of hypertension. Which of the following readings is most likely the patient's blood pressure?
A.
110/85
B.
120/80
C.
130/85
D.
140/90
Answer: D
Normal blood pressure is generally considered to be less than 120/80 mmHg according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Blood pressure readings are expressed as two numbers: systolic (the top number) and diastolic (the bottom number). Systolic pressure measures the force of blood against artery walls when the heart beats, while diastolic pressure measures the force when the heart is at rest between beats.
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of blood pushing against the artery walls is consistently too high. This can lead to serious health problems if left untreated, such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. High blood pressure is often a silent condition, meaning many people don't experience noticeable symptoms. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is when the pressure in your blood vessels is too high (140/90 mmHg or higher)
18.
Most plants will not do well in the desert because
A.
there is no top soil
B.
it is too sunny there
C.
rainfall is very poor
D.
the speed of wind is high
E.
the gullies are too deep for plant cultivation
Answer: C
19.
The instrument that can be used to measure accurately the mass of a substance is
A.
bean balance.
B.
spring balance.
C.
eureka can.
D.
measuring cylinder.
Answer: A
Mass is always measured using a beam balance. A spring balance gives different readings at different places on earth because it measures the weight not mass.
20.
What sickness are you likely to be suffering from when you have blood in your urine?
A.
Typhoid
B.
Syphilis
C.
Cholera
D.
Bilharzia
E.
Ulcer
Answer: D
21.
A cylinder metal has radius 7 cm and height 2 cm. Determine the volume of the cylinder.
[Take π = ]
A.
44 cm3
B.
107 cm3
C.
308 cm3
D.
1078 cm3
Answer: C
Volume of a cylinder
Volume = πr2h
Where r = radius of the base of the cylinder
h = height of the cylinder
r = 7 cm
h = 2 cm
π =
r2 = r x r
Volume = x 7 cm x 7 cm x 2 cm
Note: the denominator 7 cancels on of the 7s multiplying.
Volume = 22 x 1 cm x 7 cm x 2 cm
Volume = 308 cm3
22.
The blood in mammals is composed of
A.
a red liquid
B.
red blood cells and white blood cells
C.
liquid plasma and solid corpuscles
D.
blood protein and glycerol
E.
sugar and mineral salts only
Answer: C
23.
The central nervous system consists of the
A.
spinal cord and spine.
B.
brain and the nerves.
C.
brain and the spinal cord.
D.
skeletal system and skull.
Answer: C
24.
Addition of more solvent to a solution makes the solution more
A.
dense.
B.
dilute.
C.
concentrated.
D.
saturated.
E.
super saturated.
Answer: B
25.
The part of cocoyam which is used in propagation is the
A.
bulb
B.
corm
C.
seed
D.
sucker
E.
rhizome
Answer: B
26.
Which of the following controls the amount of light that enters the eyes?
A.
The cornea
B.
The iris
C.
The lens
D.
The pupil
E.
The retina
Answer: B
27.
The energy for lighting a torchlight bulb comes from the
A.
bulb
B.
cell
C.
filament
D.
glass
E.
switch
Answer: B
28.
The structure in the respiratory system of humans where gaseous exchange occurs is
A.
alveolus.
B.
bronchus.
C.
nostril.
D.
trachea.
Answer: A
29.
Which part of the human body stores sperms temporarily?
A.
Epididymis
B.
Scrotum
C.
Prostate gland
D.
Sperm duct
Answer: A
Testes, produces sperm and cells which produce male sex hormone,testosterone
Scrotum,contains the testes
Epididymis,temporarily stores sperms
Sperm duct(vas deferens), carries sperms from epididymis to penis during ejaculation
Prostate gland,secretes seminal fluid which contains the enzymes and nutrients to activate and nourish sperms. Fluid secretions combines with sperms from testes to form semen.
30.
Which of the following encourages the spread of venereal diseases?
A.
Poor family planning
B.
Drug Abuse
C.
Mental ill health
D.
Parental wealth
E.
Indiscriminate sexual intercourse
Answer: E
31.
The function of blood platelets is to
A.
carry carbon dioxide.
B.
fight against diseases.
C.
help in clotting.
D.
help maintain constant body temperature.
Answer: C
32.
Which of the following members in a food chain will receive the least energy?
A.
Lizard
B.
Grass
C.
Grasshopper
D.
Hawk
Answer: D
33.
The instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure is called
A.
a thermometer.
B.
a force meter.
C.
a barometer.
D.
an anemometer.
Answer: C
34.
An object at rest may have
A.
velocity
B.
momentum
C.
kinetic energy
D.
potential energy
E.
acceleration
Answer: D
35.
Which of the following processes is an example of a physical change?
A.
Fermentation of food
B.
Respiration
C.
Magnetization of iron
D.
Lighting a match
Answer: C
Physical changes:
The substance involved in a physical change is structurally identical before and after the change. Texture, shape, temperature, and a change in the state of matter are examples of physical changes.
Magnetization of iron is a physical change as it is a temporary change.
36.
An example of a storage pest is
A.
yam beetle.
B.
capsid.
C.
army worm.
D.
weevil.
Answer: D
A storage pest is an insect or other animal that damages or destroys stored food or other stored valuable organic matter.
Grain borers, weevils and Angoumois grain moths are able to feed on whole, healthy grains, they are considered storage pests
37.
Which of the following food substances would produce a red precipitate when heated with Millon's reagent?
A.
Banana
B.
Groundnut
C.
Orange juice
D.
Pineapple juice
Answer: B
Millon's reagent is a solution primarily used to detect the presence of tyrosine, an amino acid, in proteins. It works by reacting with the phenol group of tyrosine, producing a characteristic red or reddish-brown precipitate or coloration upon heating. The reagent is made by dissolving mercury in concentrated nitric acid and then diluting with water.
From the options provided, groundnut is the only protein and can test positive with Millon's reagent.
38.
An electric bulb is rated 0.5 A, 120 V. Determine the power produced when the bulb is turned on.
A.
60 kW
B.
60 W
C.
30 kW
D.
30 W
Answer: B
Electric Power Formula
Power = Current(I) x Potential Difference/Voltage(V)
P = IV
Current (I) = 0.5 A =
Potential Difference/Voltage(V) = 120V
Power = x 120 W = 60 W
39.
A fertilized ovule results in the formation of
A.
an ovary
B.
a style
C.
a pistil
D.
a stigma
E.
an embryo
Answer: E
40.
Which of the following preventive measures is not used in the control of tuberculosis?
A.
Isolating the patient
B.
Spitting carelessly in the environment
C.
Keeping separate cutlery, plates, cups for the patient
D.
Vaccinating young babies with BCG vaccine
E.
Spitting into a container partly filled with disinfectant
Answer: B
THEORY QUESTIONS
1.
(a)
(i)
What is a fertile soil?
(ii)
Name four of the most important nutrients in mineral salts which plants use to form food.
(b)
(i)
Define density of a substance
(ii)
Describe briefly how you would determine the density of an irregular piece of stone.
(iii)
A box with volume 1200.0 m3 is filled with sand to the brim. If the density of the sand is 1.95 kgm-3, calculate the mass of the sand contained in the box.
(c)
(i)
Define an atom.
(ii)
Why are atoms electrically neutral?
(a)
(i)
A fertile soil is the soil rich in nutrients (mineral salts) which are essential for the healthy growth of a specific plant.
(ii)
Most important nutrients in mineral salts which plants use to form food
1. Nitrogen
2. Phosphorus
3. Potassium
4. Calcium
(b)
(i)
Density of a substance is the mass per unit volume of the substance.
OR
Density =
(ii)
Determination of the density of an irregular piece of stone
1. Measure/weigh the mass of stone by means of a beam/chemical balance as M g
2. Fill a large measuring cylinder with water to a suitable level and record the volume as V1 cm3
3. Tie the stone with thread and gently lower it into the water in the measuring cylinder and record the new volume as V2 cm3
The density of the stone is then calculated as follows:
Volume of stone = V2 cm3 - V1 cm3
Mass of stone = M g
Density =
Density of the stone =
(iii)
Density =
Volume = 1200.0 m3
Density = 1.95 kgm-3
Mass = Density x Volume
Mass = 1200.0 m3 x 1.95 kgm-3
Mass = 2340 kg
(c)
(i)
An atom is the smallest part of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction.
(ii)
Why atoms are electrically neutral
Electrically neutral atoms contain equal number of protons (positive charges) and electrons (negative charges), which cancel out/balance/make net charge equal to zero.
2.
a)
i)
What is an ion?
ii)
State two methods of softening hard water.
b)
i)
Differentiate between pest and parasites as used in a agriculture.
ii)
Give an example each of a:
α)
pest;
β)
parasites.
c)
i)
What is work?
ii)
A force of 10N causes a body to move a distance of 5.2m in the direction of the force. Calculate the work done.
d)
Name two diseases associated with the circulatory system of humans.
a)
i)
An ion is an atom/group of bonded atoms that has lost or gained electron(s) or a charged atom/group of bonded atoms
ii)
Methods of softening hard water
1. Boiling
2. Destillation
3. Addition of washing soda/Na2CO3/Sodium carbonate
4. Use of ion exchange resin/deionization
b)
i)
Difference between pests and parasites
Pest is any organism which causes damage to crops/animals (beneficial to man) while a parasite is a living organism which lives on the surface/inside the body of another organism/host and gets its food from it and in so doing causing harm to the host.
ii)
Examples of pests and parasites
α)
Examples of pests
1. Bed bugs
2. Cockroaches
3. fleas
4. house flies
5. moths
6. Weevils
7. Locusts
8. Beetles
β)
Examples of parasites
1. Protozoa
2. Worms
3. Arthropods (insects)
4. Ticks
5. Aphids
6. Fungi
7. Fleas
8. Dodder
9. Mistletoe
10. Striga
c)
i)
Work is said to be done when a force moves a body through a distance in the direction of the force or is the product of force and distance moved in the direction of the force.
ii)
Work = Force x Distance
Force = 10 N
Distance = 5.2 m
Work done = 10 N x 5.2 m = 52 Joules(J)
d)
Diseases of the circulatory system in humans
1. High blood pressure/hypertension
2. Low blood pressure/hypotension
3. Arteriosclerosis
4. Haemorrhoids/piles
5. Leukaemia
3.
(a)
(i)
Explain briefly why a kitchen knife is sharpened in order to cut a piece of yam easily.
(ii)
A force of 10 N is exerted on a piece of yam using a knife of cross-sectional area 1 x 10-3 m3.
Determine the pressure exerted.
[6 marks]
b)
Outline the procedure used to estimate the pH value of a soil sample.
[6 marks]
(c)
A patient's blood pressure when measured read 150/90 mmHg.
(i)
State the significance of the values.
(ii)
State three remedies that could be recommended to the patient referred to in (c) other than medication.
[5 marks]
(d)
State three characteristics of silage that has made its use desirable in recent times.
[3 marks]
(a)
(i)
Why a kitchen knife is sharpened in order to cut a piece of yam easily
1. By sharpening the knife, the cutting edge reduces in surface area (1 mark)
2. The pressure then increases (1 mark)
3. Hence it cuts easily with the same force (1 mark)
3 marks
(ii)
Pressure = (1 mark)
Pressure = (1 mark)
Law of indices
a-b = or = ab
= 103
Pressure = 10 x 103 Pa
Pressure = 10000 Pa (1 mark)
3 marks
b)
The procedure used to estimate the pH value of a soil sample
1. Collect the soil sample (1 mark)
2. Add distilled water and shake gently (1 mark), and allow to settle (1 mark)
3. Add few drops of universal indicator/pH meter (1 mark)
4. Match the resulting colour with the standard colour chart (1 mark)
5. Estimate/read the pH of the soil sample from the chart (1 mark)
Note: Your answer must be in the correct sequence to score
6 marks
(c)
(i)
Significance of 150/90 mmHg blood pressure
It means the blood pressure of the patient when the heart beats is 150 mmHg (systolic pressure) (1 mark) and the pressure of the patient when the heart rests is 90 mmHg (diastolic pressure) (1 mark)
2 marks
(ii)
Remedies that could be recommended to a high blood pressure patient other than medication
1. Exercising regularly
2. Eating healthy diets
3. Reducing salt intake
4. Easing stress
5. Ensuring regular check-ups
6. Avoid/reduce alcohol intake
Any 3 x 1 mark = 3 marks
(d)
Characteristics of silage that has made its use desirable in recent times
1. Has high palatability to animals
2. Has laxative ability
3. Has high nutrient content
4. Easily digestible
5. Long shelf-life
Any 3 x 1 mark = 3 marks
4.
a)
Name the two processes that lead to the formation of seeds in a flowering plant.
b)
i)
Give five components of blood.
ii)
State three functions of blood.
c)
i)
What is an electrical insulator?
ii)
Mention three examples of insulators.
iii)
Give two characteristics of an insulator that explain its behaviour
d)
Classify the following substances under the three states of matter: petrol, palm oil, soap, carbon dioxide, corn flour, smoke
a)
The two processes that lead to the formation of seeds in a flowering plant
1. Pollination
2. Fertilization
b)
i)
Components of blood
1. Red blood cells/haemoglobin
2. White blood cells/phagocytes/lymphocytes
3. Hormones
4. Water
5. Oxygen
6. Carbon dioxide
7. Salts
8. Glucose
9. Amino acids/proteins
10. Urea
11. Vitamins
12. Plasma
ii)
Functions of blood
1. It carries hormones
2. It carries oxygen
3. It carries food to all parts of the body
4. It removes waste products of cell activities (metabolism)
5. It fights against disease causing organisms
6. It prevents entry of germs into the body through a wound
7. It forms clots which prevents excessive bleeding
8. It regulates body temperature
c)
i)
Electrical insulator is a material that does not allow electricity to flow through it easily.
ii)
Examples of insulators
1. Wood
2. Plastic materials
3. Rubber
4. Paper
5. Glass
6. Nylon
7. Mica
8. Porcelain
9. Amber
10. Wax
11. Ceramic materials
12. Air
iii)
Characteristics of an insulator
1. There are no free electrons
2. Electrons are tightly bound to the nuclei
3. It has low charge density
4. It has low electrical conductivity
d)
| Solid | Liquid | Gas |
|
Soap
|
Petrol
|
Carbon dioxide
|
5.
(a)
Draw and label a diagram to show how the eclipse of the sun is formed.
(b)
(i)
What is a lever?
(ii)
Classify the following as first class lever, second class lever or third class lever by copying and completing the table below:
Beam balance, crowbar, wheel barrow, a pair of scissors, claw hammer, sugar tong, human fore-arm and bottle opener
| First class lever | Second class lever | Third class lever |
(c)
(i)
What is pollination?
(ii)
Give two agents of pollination.
(d)
Name three excretory organs and the products they excrete.
(e)
(i)
What is an alloy?
(ii)
What are the compositions of each of the following alloys?
Bronze, Brass, Steel and Duralumin
(f)
Sodium chloride is prepared by the reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution. Write down the equation for this reaction.
(a)
(b)
(i)
A lever is a simple machine which consists of a rigid bar/rod free to turn about a fixed turning point called the fulcrum/pivot.
(ii)
| First class lever | Second class lever | Third class lever |
|
Crowbar
|
Wheel barrow
|
Sugar tong
|
(c)
(i)
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the flower or another flower of the same species.
(ii)
Agents of pollination
1. Wind
2. Animal (Birds, Bats, Man)
3. Insect
4. Water/Rain
(d)
| Excretory Organs | Excretory Products |
| Skin | Sweat/water and salt/water and urea |
| Kidney | Urine/urea/water and salt |
| Lungs | Carbon dioxide/water vapour |
| Liver | Bile pigments |
(e)
(i)
An alloy is a uniform/homogeneous mixture of a metal and another metal or a non-metal.
(ii)
Compositions of alloys
Bronze → Copper and Tin
Brass → Copper and Zin
Steel → Iron and Carbon
Duralumin → Aluminium, Magnesium, Copper and Manganese
(f)
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
6.
(a)
(i)
Explain the term friction
(ii)
Give two methods of reducing friction
(iii)
A rigid bar is used to lift a stone
α)
Draw a diagram showing the effort, pivot and load positions
β)
If the length of the bar is 100 cm and the pivot is placed 80 cm from the effort, calculate the load distance
(b)
(i)
Explain the term excretion
(ii)
State the organs in human beings which excrete the following waste products:
α)
Sweat
β)
Carbon dioxide
γ)
Urine
(c)
(i)
What is a food chain?
(ii)
Draw a food chain using the following organisms:
Hawk, cassava leaf, lizard and grasshopper
(d)
State three conditions necessary for the germination of seed.
(e)
(i)
Name two diseases which can be transmitted sexually
(ii)
Give two features which can be passed on from parents to children
(a)
(i)
Friction is the force that opposes the relative (sliding) motion between two surfaces in contact with one another.
(ii)
Methods of reducing friction
1. Lubrication
2. Using ball bearings
3. Greasing
4. Polishing the surfaces to make them smooth
(iii)
α)
β)
Effort distance + Load distance = Length of bar
Length of bar = 100 cm
Effort distance = 80 cm
80 cm + Load distance = 100 cm
Load distance = 100 cm - 80 cm
Load distance = 20 cm
(b)
(i)
Excretion is the process of removing metabolic waste/substances from the body of a living organism.
(ii)
| # | Waste substances | Organs |
| α) | Sweat | Skin |
| β) | Carbon dioxide | Lungs |
| γ) | Urine | Kidneys |
(c)
(i)
A food chain is the linear sequence of feeding relationship that shows the transfer of energy from one organism to another through feeding and being fed on by another.
(ii)
Cassava leaf → grasshopper → lizard → hawk
(d)
Conditions necessary for the germination of seed
1. Nature of seed coat
2. Water/moisture
3. Air/Oxygen
4. Suitable/optimum temperature/warmth
5. Viability of the seed
6. Enzymes
7. Sunlight/light
8. Dormancy period
(e)
(i)
Diseases which can be transmitted sexually
1. Gonorrhea
2. AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
3. Syphilis
(ii)
Features which can be passed on from parents to children
1. Weight
2. Intelligence
3. Colour of the skin
4. Ability to roll the tongue
5. Temperature
6. Height/stature of an individual
7. Colour of eyes
8. Colour of hair
9. Blood group
10. Shape of face/nose/head/eye
11. Haemophilia
12. Albinism
13. Sex