KUULCHAT
SCIENCE MOCK
OBJECTIVE TEST
1.
When equal amount of water is poured on dry soil samples, the increase in weight per unit amount of soil would be highest in
A.
gravel.
B.
clayey soil.
C.
sandy soil.
D.
loamy soil.
Answer: B
Clayey soil has the highest water holding capacity hence will have the highest weight (weight of the dry soil sample + weight of water absorbed).
2.
A stone released from a catapult was able to kill a bird because
A.
the stone had a lot of energy
B.
the stone was sharp
C.
there was tension in the stone
D.
the rubber of the catapult was strong
E.
the stone was big
Answer: A
3.
Insects can walk on the surface of water because of
A.
diffusion
B.
capillarity
C.
viscosity
D.
friction
E.
surface tension
Answer: E
4.
The modes of heat transfer involved in the process of heating water in a bucket, from the bottom until it boils are
A.
conduction and convection.
B.
conduction and radiation.
C.
convection and radiation.
D.
conduction, convection and radiation.
Answer: A
Conduction is the transfer of heat in solid. The bucket transfers the heat from the heat source through conduction to the water.
Convection is the transfer of heat in fluid (liquid or gas). The heat is transferred from the water at the bottom to the top by convection.
5.
Which of the following statements about mammals is true?
A.
They have hairs
B.
They lay eggs
C.
They have feathers
D.
They have beaks
E.
They are cold blooded
Answer: A
Characteristics of mammals
1. Mammals are warm-blooded animals who give birth to their younger ones.
2. They are the most dominant form of animals found in almost all types of habitats.
3. They have mammary glands that help them produce milk to feed their younger ones
4. Presence of region of the brain known as Neocortex
5. Their skin possesses oil glands (sebaceous glands) and sweat glands (sudoriferous glands).
6. The fur of hair throughout the body which helps animals adapt to their environment.
7. They are heterodont, i.e., possess different types of teeth.
8. Mammals also possess cervical vertebrae.
9. The skull is dicondylic.
10. The trunk is divided into thorax and abdomen.
11. The mammals respire through lungs.
12. Good sense of hearing as mammals are aided with 3 middle ear bones
13. Mammals have a four-chambered heart. The sinus venous and renal portal system are absent.
14. Presence of single-boned lower jaws.
15. The brain is well developed divided into cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla.
16. They possess 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
17. Exhibit one of the most advanced forms of Diaphragms.
18. The mammals can lay eggs also. They are known as viviparous.
6.
Most machines waste energy because of
A.
old age
B.
force
C.
friction
D.
load
E.
too much effort
Answer: C
7.
The anemometer is an instrument used in determining
A.
amount of rainfall.
B.
speed of wind.
C.
relative humidity.
D.
intensity of light.
Answer: B
8.
The simplest way of making well water suitable for laundry purpose is by
A.
adding alum.
B.
boiling.
C.
chlorination.
D.
filtering.
Answer: D
9.
Which of the following statements best explains the term ecosystem? It is
A.
a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same place at the same time.
B.
a group of populations living in the same area at the same time.
C.
the part of the earth's environment where life exists.
D.
a community of living and non-living things interacting with each other.
Answer: D
10.
The chemical symbol of potassium is
A.
Na.
B.
K.
C.
Pb.
D.
S.
Answer: B
11.
An atom of an element is represented as 1327 X. How many neutrons are in the nucleus of the atom?
A.
13
B.
14
C.
27
D.
40
Answer: B
The superscript represents the mass number which is made up of neutrons and protons
The value of the superscript is 27.
Number of protons + Number of neutrons = 27
The subscript represents the atomic number which is the number of electrons in a neutral atom. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons.
Atomic number = 13
Atomic number = Number of electrons
Number of electrons = Number of protons
Number of electrons = 13
Number of protons = 13
Protons + Neutrons = 27
13 + Neutrons = 27
Neutrons = 27 - 13
Neutrons = 14
12.
Which of the following is at the centre of the solar system?
A.
Earth
B.
Mars
C.
Moon
D.
Sun
Answer: D
13.
Excess carbohydrate in the human body is stored as
A.
amino acid.
B.
fatty acid.
C.
glycogen.
D.
glucose.
Answer: C
14.
Which of the following chemical symbols can be used to remove permanent hardness of water?
A.
NaHCO3
B.
Na2CO3
C.
Ca(HCO3)2
D.
CaCO3
Answer: B
Permanent hardness of water is due to dissolved salts of chlorides and sulphates of calcium and magnesium which can be removed by adding sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) (washing soda or soda ash) which reacts with these dissolved salts to form insoluble carbonates that can be removed by filtration and then water becomes soft.
15.
Which of the following substances is acidic?
A.
Wood ash
B.
Salt-petre
C.
Bee strings
D.
Bicarbonate of soda
Answer: C
16.
A boy stepped on a banana peel on the ground and fell because the
A.
boy was not wearing shoes.
B.
ground was too hard.
C.
banana peel reduced the friction on the ground.
D.
banana peel increasethe friction on the ground.
Answer: C
Friction is the force that resists motion when the surface of one object comes in contact with the surface of another.
17.
In which part of the digestive system of a fowl does grinding of feed take place?
A.
Crop
B.
Gizzard
C.
Oesophagus
D.
Proventriculus
Answer: B
18.
An example of a semi-metal is
A.
silicon
B.
carbon
C.
beryllium
D.
D. argon
Answer: A
A semi-metal is a material with a very small overlap between the bottom of the conduction band and the top of the valence band. According to electronic band theory, solids can be classified as insulators, semiconductors, semimetals, or metals. The semimetals or metalloids are listed as boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, and polonium.
19.
The by-products of respiration are
A.
carbon dioxide and heat
B.
carbon dioxide and water
C.
oxygen and heat
D.
oxygen and water
Answer: B
20.
Electricity is used by appliances to do work. This means that electricity is a form of
A.
energy.
B.
force.
C.
generator.
D.
machine.
Answer: A
Energy is define as the ability to do work. Electricity is a form of energy (Electrical Energy).
21.
The paired fins in fishes are used for
A.
protection and diving
B.
diving and balancing
C.
balancing and control
D.
steering and diving
E.
balancing and steering
Answer: E
22.
Which of the following chemical equations is balanced?
A.
N2+H2→NH3
B.
N2+3H2→NH3
C.
N2+H2→2NH3
D.
N2+3H2→2NH3
Answer: D
23.
Which of the following arrangements is the correct order of increasing complexity of the structure?
A.
Cells → systems → tissues → organs
B.
Cells → tissues → systems → organs
C.
Cells → organs → tissues → systems
D.
Cells → systems → organs → tissues
E.
Cells → tissues → organs → systems
Answer: E
24.
A fertilised ovum is known as
A.
a gamete
B.
a zygote
C.
oocyte
D.
an ovary
E.
a foetus
Answer: B
25.
Which of the following forces will cause an object to move in a circular path?
A.
Centripetal force
B.
Gravitational force
C.
Inertial force
D.
Reaction force
E.
Tensional force
Answer: A
26.
All the following are sense organs except the
A.
eye
B.
brain
C.
ear
D.
skin
E.
tongue
Answer: B
27.
Which of the following elements is a semi-metal?
A.
Carbon
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Silicon
D.
Sodium
Answer: C
28.
Which of the following features in plants are used for defence?
A.
Buds
B.
Leaf spines
C.
Pitchers
D.
Roots
E.
Tendrils
Answer: B
29.
The function of the lungs is to
A.
maintain a constant amount of water in the body.
B.
absorb oxygen from the blood.
C.
absorb carbon dioxide from the blood.
D.
maintain the temperature of the body constant.
Answer: C
How the lungs work
Every cell in your body needs oxygen to live. The air we breathe contains oxygen and other gases. The respiratory system's main job is to move fresh air into your body while removing waste gases.
Once in the lungs, oxygen is moved into the bloodstream and carried through your body. At each cell in your body, oxygen is exchanged for a waste gas called carbon dioxide. Your bloodstream then carries this waste gas back to the lungs where it is removed from the bloodstream and then exhaled. Your lungs and respiratory system automatically perform this vital process, called gas exchange.
30.
Which of the following metals is used for making roofing sheets?
A.
Zinc
B.
Silver
C.
Mercury
D.
Tin
E.
Aluminium
Answer: E
31.
In which of the following is urine produced?
A.
Bladder
B.
Kidney
C.
Liver
D.
Penis and vagina
E.
uterus
Answer: B
32.
Transplanting of seedlings is usually done in the evening because
A.
darkness promotes rapid growth
B.
pest attack is minimal.
C.
transpiration is minimal.
D.
seedlings require less nutrients.
Answer: C
33.
Which of the following examples of fertilizers improves soil texture?
A.
Compost
B.
N.P.K.
C.
Sulphate of ammonia
D.
Urea
Answer: A
34.
Which of the following features is shown by plants only?
A.
Feeding
B.
Growth
C.
Transpiration
D.
Reproduction
E.
Respiration
Answer: C
35.
Which of the following statements about soil profile is/are correct? It helps the farmer to determine
I. soil fertility.
II. water-holding capacity of the soil.
III. depth of the soil.
A.
I only
B.
I and II only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II and III
Answer: D
36.
Which of the following agricultural practices prevents loss of water from the soil?
A.
Addition of manure
B.
Mulching
C.
Addition of humus
D.
Composting
Answer: B
37.
Which of the following pairs of diseases are both contracted through water?
A.
Cholera and dysentery
B.
Smallpox and dysentery
C.
Ringworm and smallpox
D.
Tuberculosis and cholera
E.
Tuberculosis and dysentery
Answer: A
38.
The use of separating funnel is most appropriate for separating which of the following mixtures?
A.
Sulphur and water
B.
Water and sodium chloride
C.
Vegetable oil and kerosene
D.
Water and vegetable oil
Answer: D
Vegetable oil and water are immiscible, which forms two separate layers. So, they can be separated by using a separating funnel
39.
The chemical symbol for potassium is
A.
Fe
B.
K
C.
P
D.
Pb
E.
Zn
Answer: B
40.
A grassland ecosystem that consists of snakes, toads and grasshoppers is most likely to produce a food chain of
A.
toad → grass → grasshopper → snake.
B.
grass → grasshopper → toad → snake.
C.
grasshopper → grass → toad → snake.
D.
grass → toad → grasshopper → snake.
Answer: B
THEORY QUESTIONS
1.
(a)
The diagram below is used to demonstrate an activity in the laboratory.
Study it carefully and use it to answer the questions that follow:
(i)
What does the diagram represent?
(ii)
Identify the components labelled, D, E, K and P in the diagram.
(iii)
State one function each of the parts labelled, D, E, K and P.
(iv)
Mention the energy transformation that occurs in E in the diagram when K is closed.
(b)
In an experiment, red and blue litmus papers were dipped separately into three test tubes containing one of the test substances listed in the table below.
| Test substances | Observation | Conclusion | |
| Red litmus paper | Blue litmus paper | ||
| Lemon juice | |||
| Calcium hydroxide | |||
| Dilute hydrochloric acid | |||
(i)
Copy and complete the table by making the necessary observation and conclusion for each substance.
(ii)
Name two of the test substances that would react with each other to produce salt and water.
(iii)
Write down a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in (ii) above.
(c)
The diagram below is an illustration of the human digestive system.
Study it carefully and use it to answer the questions that follow:
(i)
Name the parts labelled I, II, III and IV.
(ii)
State one function of each of the parts labelled V and VI.
(iii)
Name the part where the digestion of protein starts.
(iv)
Identify the part where
(α)
absorption of end-products of digestion takes place.
(β)
re-absorption of water takes place.
(γ)
egestion takes place.
(d)
The diagram below is an illustration of a simple farm tool.
Study it carefully and use it to answer the questions that follow:
(i)
Identify the tool.
(ii)
State three uses of the tool.
(iii)
Mention three ways of maintaining the tool.
(a)
(i)
Electrical circuit diagram
(ii)
D → Copper wire/conducting wire/connecting wire E → Cell K → Switch/Key P → Resistor/Load
(iii)
Functions of D (Copper wire)
1. To conduct electric current/electricity
2. To connect components of an electrical circuit
Functions of E (Cell)
1. To produce electricity
2. Source of electric current/electric charge
3. Converts chemical energy into electrical energy
Function of K (Switch/Key)
To allow electric current to flow through the circuit depending on whether it is closed or opened
Functions of P (Resistor/Load)
1. To convert electrical energy to other forms of energy
2. To opposre the flow of current through the circuit
(iv)
Energy transformation in electric circuit
Chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
OR
Chemical energy → Electrical energy
(b)
(i)
| Test substances | Observation | Conclusion | |
| Red litmus paper | Blue litmus paper | ||
| Lemon juice | No change | Changed to red | Acidic/acid present/contains acid |
| Calcium hydroxide | Changed to blue | No change | Basic/base present/contains base |
| Dilute hydrochloric acid | No change | Changed to red | Acidic/acid present/contains acid |
(ii)
Calcium hydroxide and dilute hydrochloric acid
(iii)
Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + 2H2O
(c)
(i)
I → Tongue/salivary gland
II → Oesophagus/gullet
III → Stomach
IV → Liver
(ii)
V → Stores bile
VI → Produces enzymes/pancreatic juice
(iii)
Digestion of protein starts at part III (stomach)
(iv)
(α)
Absorption of end-products of digestion takes place in the part VII (small intestine/ileum)
(β)
Re-absorption of water takes place in the part VIII (large intestine/colon)
(γ)
Egestion takes place in the part X (anus)
(d)
(i)
A pair of secateurs
(ii)
Uses of secateurs
1. For cutting
2. For trimming
3. For pruning
(iii)
Ways of maintaining the secateurs
1. Greasing/oiling/lubricating metal parts to prevent rusting
2. Cleaning/washing and drying after use
3. Sharpening cutting edges when blunt
4. Repairing/mending broken parts
5. The tool/secateurs should be used for the intended job
6. Tightening loose bolts and nuts
7. Storing tool in cool dry places or tool box
2.
(a)
State four ways by which plants are able to protect themselves against animals.
(b)
(i)
Define pollination.
(ii)
List four features of insect pollinated flowers.
(c)
An atom has three protons and three neutrons.
(i)
How many electrons are there in this atom?
(ii)
Draw a labeled diagram to show the arrangement of all the particles in the atom.
(d)
A body of mass 12.0 kg is placed on an orange tree 20.0 m above the ground
(i)
Calculate its potential energy with respect to the ground
(ii)
If the body is released from this height, what will be its kinetic energy just before it hits the ground.
[g = 10 ms-2]
(a)
Ways by which plants protect themselves against animals
1. Secretion of unpleasant liquids which make them distasteful
2. Possession of poisonous parts which cause pain/itching/death/swelling on contact
3. Possession of spines/thorns/irritating hairs which cause pain/irritation on contact
4. Possession of sticky substances which stick in the mouth of animals which try to feed on them
5. Possession/production of unpleasant smell/scent which drives off animals which try to feed on them
(b)
(i)
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the flower or another flower of the same species.
(ii)
Features of insect pollinated flowers
1. Petals are large
2. Petals are brightly coloured
3. The flower is usually scented
4. The flower has nectar
5. Stigma is inside the flower
6. Stigma is compact and sticky
7. Pollen grains produced per anther are few
8. Pollen grains are sticky, large, rough and heavy
9. Filaments are short and stout
(c)
(i)
Number of protons = 3
Number of neutrons = 3
Number of electrons = Number of protons
Number of electrons = 3
(ii)
(d)
(i)
Potential energy = Mass (m) x Acceleration due to gravity (g) x Height (h)
Mass = 12.0 kg
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10 ms-2
Height = 20 m
Potential energy = 12.0 kg x 10 ms-2 x 20 m
Potential energy = 2400 J
(ii)
Before the body just hit the ground, the potential energy is converted to kinetic energy
∴ Kinetic energy = Potential energy
Kinetic energy = 2400 J
3.
a)
Name the organism that causes each of the following diseases:
i)
cholera
ii)
malaria
iii)
tuberculosis
iv)
ringworm
b)
State one method of preventing each of the diseases in (a) above.
c)
A ray of light hits the surface of a plane mirror at an angle of 55°.
i)
Draw a ray diagram showing the normal, incident ray and the reflected ray.
ii)
What is the angle of reflection for the ray?
d)
State two properties of the image formed in a plane mirror.
e)
Write the chemical names of each of the following compounds:
i)
MgCl2
ii)
FeS
iii)
NH4OH
iv)
AgCl
a & b)
| Disease | Causative Organism | Prevention |
| Cholera | Vibrio Cholera |
1. Eating hot food
|
| Malaria | Plasmodium |
1. Using mosquito nets
|
| Tuberculosis | Tuberculo Bacillus |
1. Avoiding over crowding
|
| Ringworm | Fungus |
1. Avoid sharing comb and towel
|
c)
i)
ii)
Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
Angle of incidence = 90° - 55° = 35°
∴ Angle of reflection = 35°
d)
Properties of the image formed in a plane mirror
1. The image formed is laterally inverted
2. The image formed is virtual
3. The image formed is same size as the object
4. The image formed is upright/erect
5. Image distance from the mirror is the same as the object distance
e)
i)
MgCl2 → Magnesium chloride
ii)
FeS → Iron (II) sulphide
iii)
NH4OH → Ammonium hydroxide
iv)
AgCl → Silver chloride
4.
(a)
List in the correct order, the organs through which food passes from the mouth to the anus.
(b)
State the components of a balanced ration for feeding poultry.
(c)
Predict the products formed when:
(i)
magnesium solution reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid;
(ii)
potassium reacts with water.
(d)
(i)
State two effects of heat on a substance.
(ii)
Potassium permangante crystals are dropped into a beaker of water and warmed:
(α)
State what would be observed;
(β)
State the phenomenon demonstrated in (α).
(a)
Order of food passes from the mouth to the anus
Mouth → oesophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine → anus
(b)
Components of a balanced ration
1. Carbohydrates
2. Protein
3. Fats and oil
4. Minerals
5. Vitamins
6. Water
(c)
Products formed
(i)
Magnesium chloride and hydrogen/MgCl2 and H2
Illustration
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
(ii)
Potassium hydroxide and hydrogen/KOH and H2
Illustration
2K(s) + 2H2O → 2KOH(aq) + H2(g)
(d)
(i)
Effects of heat on a substance
1. Change of state/melts/vapourises
2. Expansion/contraction/change in shape
3. Increasing temperature/decreasing temperature
4. Increase in pressure
(ii)
Potassium permangante crystals dropped into a beaker of water and warmed:
(α)
Warmed coloured water moves from the bottom of the beaker upwards
The solution turns to purple in color because of a process called diffusion.
Diffusion is the movement of molecules or atoms from high concentrated region to low concentrated region.
(β)
Phenomenon demonstrated
Heat transfer by convection/ Diffusion
5.
(a)
In an experiment, four nails 1, 2, 3 and 4 are fixed with candle wax onto a metal bar and one end of bar is heated by means of boiling water as shown in the diagram below.
A, B, C and D are thermometers inserted in holes along the bar to measure the temperatures at the various points.
(i)
What is the temperature of the boiling water?
(ii)
State the observations that will be made about nails 1, 2, 3 and 4.
(iii)
State the observations that will be made about the temperature recorded by thermometers A, B, C and D.
(iv)
What mode of heat transfer is demonstrated in the experiment?
(v)
State one effect of heat that is associated with the experiment.
(vi)
State the aim of the experiment.
(b)
In an experiment, a student took three iron nails and cleaned their surfaces dry and placed them in three separate test tubes in set-ups A, B and C as shown in the diagram. After three days the nail in set-up A was found to have rusted while the nails in set-ups B and C did not.
Answer the following questions:
(i)
Why was the water in set-up B boiled?
(ii)
Explain the function of the oil on top of the water in set-up B.
(iii)
State the purpose of the rubber stopper in set-up C.
(iv)
Why did the nail in set-up A rust?
(v)
Suggest an aim for the experiment.
(vi)
From the experiment, explain why oil or grease is applied on the surface of a metal to prevent rusting.
(c)
In an experiment, the following activities were carried out on two green leaves A and B.
Leaf A was from a plant placed in the sunlight for sometime while leaf B was from a plant placed in a dark cupboard for 24 hours.
| Activity |
|
I. Leaves dipped in boiling water for 1 minute II. Leaves dipped in warm alcohol III. Leaves washed in cold water IV. Leaves dipped into iodine solution |
After dipping the iodine solution, it was observed that leaf A changed colour while leaf B did not change colour.
Answer the following questions:
(i)
Explain why each of the activities I, II, III and IV was carried out.
(ii)
State the colour change of leaf A.
(iii)
Explain why leaf A changed colour but leaf B did not.
(iv)
Suggest an aim for the experiment.
(a)
(i)
Temperature of boiling water
100o C or 373 K or 212oF
(ii)
Nail 1 will fall off first followed by nail 2, 3 and 4 in that order.
(iii)
A will have the highest temperature followed by B then C and D will have the lowest temperature.
(iv)
Conduction
(v)
Effects of heat that is associated with the experiment
1. Heat transfer
2. Wax melts/water vaporizes
3. Expansion of metal/water
4. Decrease in density for metal/water
5. Water evaporates faster
(vi)
Aim of the experiment
To show that metals are good conductors of heat
OR
Heat travels through metals
(b)
(i)
To remove air/oxygen
(ii)
The oil on top of the water in set-up B is to prevent air/oxygen from dissolving back into the water.
(iii)
The purpose of the rubber stopper in set-up C is to prevent water/moisture from entering the test tube.
(iv)
The nail in set-up A rust because oxygen/air and water/moisture were present.
(v)
Aim for the experiment
To show that air/oxygen and water/moisture are necessary for rusting to take place.
(vi)
Oil or grease prevents air/oxygen and water/moisture from coming into contact with the metal for rusting to occur.
(c)
(i)
I → To kill the cells of the leaf/to stop all chemical reactions in the leaf
II → To decolorize the leaf/to remove the green pigment/chlorophyll from the leaf
III → To soften the leaf/remove or wash off alcohol from the leaf
IV → To test for the presence of starch in the leaf
(ii)
Leaf A changes from whitish/brownish to blue-black.
(iii)
Leaf A was in sunlight and therefore photosynthesis occurred but leaft B was in darkness so photosynthesis did not occur.
OR
Leaf A produced starch but leaf B did not produce starch.
(iv)
Aim for the experiment
To show that sunlight was necessary/important for photosynthesis/starch formation to occur.
6.
a)
i)
What is an acid?
ii)
Give two difference between an acid and a base, in terms of taste and feel.
b)
i)
Define pressure.
ii)
A force of 200N is exerted on an area of 50m2. Calculate the pressure exerted by the force.
c)
Explain the following terms as associated with living organisms.
i)
unicellullar;
ii)
multicellullar.
d)
Give two reasons why soil air is important.
a)
i)
An acid is a proton donor
OR
An acid is a substance/compound that produces excess hydrogen ion (H+) in water.
An acid is a substance that contains replaceable hydrogen.
ii)
Differences between an acide and a base
| Acid | Base | |
| Taste | Sour | Bitter |
| Feel | Non slippery or stinging | Slippery or soapy |
| Litmus paper | Turns blue litmus paper red | Turns red litmus paper blue |
| pH | below 7 | Above 7 |
| In water | Gives Hydrogen ion (H+) | Gives Hydroxyl (Hydroxide) ion (OH-) |
| Proton | Donates proton when dissolved in water | Accepts proton when dissolved in water |
b)
i)
Pressure is force per unit area or the force acting (normally) per unit area
OR
Pressure =
ii)
Pressure
Pressure =
Force = 200 N
Area = 50 m2
Pressure =
Pressure = 4 Nm-2 or 4 Pa
c)
i)
Unicellular is a living organism that consists of only once cell.
ii)
Multicellular, living organisms that consist of many cells.
d)
Reasons why soil air is important
1. It enhances absorption of mineral salts or nutrients by plant roots
2. It enhances the absorption of water by plant roots
3. It makes oxygen available for seed germination
4. Presence of aeration prevents the formation of toxic/acidic substances in the soil by micro organisms
5. Plant roots use soil air for respiration/metabolism or growth
6. Soil micro organisms use soil air for respiration
7. Air is required for the decomposition of organic matter
8. Aeration is required to prevent development of plant diseases