KUULCHAT
SCIENCE MOCK
OBJECTIVE TEST
1.
An example of a mono-gastric animal is
A.
cattle.
B.
goat.
C.
sheep.
D.
rabbit.
Answer: D
Mono-gastric animals are characterized by having a simple, single-chambered stomach. Unlike ruminants (like cows and sheep) which have multiple stomach compartments, monogastrics have just one. Examples include humans, pigs, horses, rabbits, dogs, and cats.
2.
A substance that could be used in large scale treatment of domestic water is
A.
Nitrogen.
B.
Hydrogen sulphide.
C.
Carbon dioxide.
D.
Chlorine.
Answer: D
3.
Why is it bad to throw faeces into rivers? Because
A.
Other people collect drinking water from them
B.
It changes the colour of the river
C.
It causes hardness of the water
D.
The faeces cannot dissolve in the water
E.
The river banks will be dirty
Answer: A
4.
Which of the following elements is a liquid at room temperature.
A.
Carbon.
B.
Mercury.
C.
Silver.
D.
Sulphur.
Answer: B
5.
An electrical engineer was in your school to replace a 20 W bulb with a 50 W bulb.
Use this information to answer the question below
The unit inscribed on the bulb measures its
A.
energy.
B.
workdone.
C.
power.
D.
electricity.
Answer: C
Note: the S.I unit of power is watts (W)
6.
Which of the following substances are major components of human blood?
I. Hormones
II. Platelets
III. Plasma
IV. White blood cells
A.
I and II only
B.
II and III only
C.
III and IV only
D.
II, III and IV only
Answer: D
The four major components of human blood are plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. These components work together to transport oxygen and nutrients, fight infection, and help with blood clotting.
Plasma
The liquid component of blood, making up about 55% of its volume. It's primarily water, but also contains proteins, salts, nutrients, and waste products.
Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
Responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. They contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen.
White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)
Part of the body's immune system, fighting off infections and diseases. There are different types of white blood cells, including lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes.
Platelets (Thrombocytes)
Small cell fragments that help with blood clotting, preventing excessive bleeding when blood vessels are damaged.
7.
A non-reactive metal can be identified from other metals because its surface is
A.
hard.
B.
shiny.
C.
smooth.
D.
rough.
Answer: B
8.
Which of the following resources does not produce energy?
A.
Coal
B.
Sand
C.
Water
D.
Wind
Answer: B
9.
How much work is done when a kerosene tin is pushed with a force of 20 N through a distance of 2 m?
A.
0.01 J
B.
0.10 J
C.
10.0 J
D.
20.0 J
E.
40.0 J
Answer: E
Work done = Force x Distance
Force = 20 N
Distance = 2 m
Work done = 20 N x 2 m = 40 J
10.
Salt could be obtained from sea water by
A.
boiling
B.
condensation
C.
decantation
D.
distillation
E.
evaporation
Answer: E
11.
The part of the banana plant used in reproduction is called
A.
sucker
B.
rhizome
C.
stem
D.
tuber
E.
bulb
Answer: A
12.
The volume of a metal ball was determined by dropping it into a measuring cylinder containing 20 cm3 of water and the water level rose to 35 cm3. If the mass of the ball is 35 g, calculate its density.
A.
1.0 g cm-3
B.
1.6 g cm-3
C.
1.8 g cm-3
D.
2.3 g cm-3
Answer: D
Density =
Volume = Final Volume - Initial Volume
Volume = 35 cm3 - 20 cm3
Volume = 15 cm3
Mass = 35 g
Density =
Density = 2.33 g cm-3
13.
Which of the following statements about diffusion is/are correct?
I. It involves the movement of water molecules only
II. It occurs in both gases and liquids
III. It involves a semi-permeable membrane
A.
I only
B.
II only
C.
I and II only
D.
I, II and III
Answer: B
14.
Which of the following is cultivated on plantation basis?
A.
Okro
B.
Tomato
C.
Rubber
D.
Cassava
E.
Maize
Answer: E
15.
The ovules in a flower develop to form the
A.
fruit.
B.
leaf.
C.
seed.
D.
stem.
Answer: C
16.
Droplet infection is the method by which
A.
disease are transmitted from animals to plants.
B.
infected animals are processed.
C.
human beings protects themselves from diseases.
D.
diseases are spread through the air.
Answer: D
17.
Which of the following are products of respiration?
A.
Glucose and oxygen
B.
Waste food, energy and carbon dioxide
C.
Energy, carbon dioxide and water
D.
Energy, oxygen and water
E.
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
Answer: C
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O (glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy)
18.
When gases are heated they
A.
melt.
B.
sublime.
C.
decrease in volume.
D.
decrease in intermolecular forces
Answer: D
When a particle is heated
The intermolecular forces are the attractions between the molecules when temperature increases it develops more distance between molecules and because of this attraction decreases, resulting intermolecular force decreases.
Intermolecular forces decreases on heating as the particles gain energy and start vibrating.
The intermolecular space between particles increases and they overcome the intermolecular forces.
Hence, the intermolecular forces decrease on heating because kinetic energy increases and space between particles increases.
19.
A system of farming that leads to continuous destruction of virgin forests is
A.
mixed farming
B.
mixed cropping
C.
pastoral farming
D.
shifting farming
Answer: D
20.
A plastic pen on rubbing in the hair attracts pieces of paper. What force is responsible for the attraction?
A.
Electrostatic force
B.
Frictional force
C.
Gravitational force
D.
Magnetic force
E.
Centripetal force
Answer: A
21.
Use the diagrams below to answer the question below
Which of the following statements is correct about the circuit diagrams above? The cells in diagram
A.
X are in series and the key is open.
B.
X are in parallel and the key is open.
C.
Y are in series and the key is closed.
D.
Y are in parallel and the key is closed.
Answer: A
22.
The relative proportion of sand, silt and clay in a given sample of soil is soil
A.
profile.
B.
porosity.
C.
structure.
D.
texture.
Answer: D
23.
The washing away of the top soil by running water is called
A.
erosion
B.
rotation
C.
plantation
D.
weathering
E.
irrigation
Answer: A
24.
Which of the following structures contain cellulose?
A.
Cell wall
B.
Cell membrane
C.
Chloroplast
D.
Mitochondrion
Answer: A
25.
The S.I unit of temperature is
A.
Candela
B.
Degree Celsius
C.
Joule
D.
Kelvin
Answer: D
26.
A record of daily activities on a farm is termed
A.
labour record.
B.
inventory record.
C.
farm diary.
D.
production record.
Answer: C
27.
The number of elements in the compound Ca(OH)2 is
A.
2
B.
3
C.
4
D.
5
Answer: B
The elements are Calcium (Ca), Oxygen (O) and Hydrogen (H)
28.
Which of the following types of manure is suitable for a vegetable garden?
A.
Cow dung
B.
Dog faecal waste
C.
Human excreta
D.
Pig dung
Answer: A
29.
The part of the flower that contains nectar is called
A.
anther.
B.
petal.
C.
ovary.
D.
sepal.
Answer: A
30.
A machine which has an energy loss of 10% will have an efficiency of
A.
100%
B.
90%
C.
55%
D.
10%
Answer: B
Efficiency = 100% - % Energy Loss
Efficiency = 100% - 10%
Efficiency = 90%
31.
The chemical formula of a compound describes the
A.
ratio in which the elements are combined.
B.
number of molecules in a compound.
C.
nature of the bonding in the compound.
D.
state of matter of the compound.
Answer: A
32.
The colour of the neutral wire in an electrical circuit is
A.
blue.
B.
brown.
C.
green.
D.
yellow.
Answer: A
33.
The blood in mammals is composed of
A.
a red liquid
B.
red blood cells and white blood cells
C.
liquid plasma and solid corpuscles
D.
blood protein and glycerol
E.
sugar and mineral salts only
Answer: C
34.
The ovules in a flower develop to form the
A.
fruit.
B.
leaves.
C.
seeds.
D.
stem.
Answer: C
35.
The instrument used to measure current in an electric circuit is the
A.
ammeter.
B.
photometer.
C.
thermometer.
D.
voltmeter.
Answer: A
36.
Which of the following processes is used to separate insoluble solids from liquids?
A.
Crystallization
B.
Evaporation
C.
Filtration
D.
Sublimation
Answer: C
37.
One hectare is equivalent to
A.
100 m2
B.
1,000 m2
C.
10,000 m2
D.
100,000 m2
E.
1,000,000 m2
Answer: C
38.
The figure below shows the arrangement of parts of the soil when some soil sample was shaken with water in a glass cylinder and allowed to settle.
Use it to answer the question below.
The layer which does not have the ability to retain much water is
A.
N
B.
O
C.
P
D.
Q
Answer: D
39.
A mixture of engine oil and water could be best separated by
A.
Evaporation
B.
Freezing
C.
Decantation
D.
Heating
E.
Addition of soap
Answer: C
40.
Metals are able to conduct electricity because they possess
A.
free electrons.
B.
neutrons.
C.
atoms.
D.
free protons.
Answer: A
An electric current is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space.
THEORY QUESTIONS
1.
(a)
How would you demonstrate that expired air contains carbon dioxide?
(b)
(i)
What is an ion
(ii)
Give two examples of ions
(c)
(i)
What is capillary action
(ii)
State two processes which use capillary action
(d)
(i)
What is a lever?
(ii)
Give two examples of second class levers
(e)
(i)
Use any three of the following organisms to construct a food chain.
Rat, hawk, okro leaves, toad, cassava, man, grasshopper
(ii)
List three ways of keeping the teeth healthy.
(a)
How to demonstrate that expired air contains carbon dioxide
1. Breath out into lime water in a test tube fitted with a delivery tube
2. The colourless lime water turns milky/chalky indicating the presence of carbon dioxide
(b)
(i)
An ion is an electrically charged atom
OR
An ion is an atom or group of attoms which have lost or gain electron(s).
(ii)
Examples of ions
1. Potassium ion (K+)
2. Sodium ion (Na+)
3. Chlorine ion (Cl-)
4. Magnesium ion (Mg2+)
5. Hydroxide ion (OH-)
6. Sulphate ion (SO42-)
7. Aluminum ion (Al3+)
8. Calcium ion (Ca2+)
8. Copper (I) ion (Cu+)
9. Copper (II) ion (Cu2+)
10. Hydrogen ion (H+)
11. Iron (II) ion (Fe2+)
12. Iron (III) ion (Fe3+)
13. Lead (II) ion (Pb2+)
14. Lithium ion (Li+)
15. Silver ion (Ag+)
16. Tin (II) ion (Sn2+)
17. Zinc ion (Zn2+)
18. Bromide ion (Br-)
19. Fluoride ion (F-)
20. Iodide ion (I-)
21. Nitride ion (N3-)
22. Oxide ion (O2-)
23. Sulfide ion (S2-)
24. Ammonium ion (NH4+)
25. Carbonate ion (CO32-)
(c)
(i)
Capillary action is the rise or fall of liquids in small/narrow tubes/columns as a result of adhesion and surface tension forces.
(ii)
Processes which use capillary action
1. Kerosene moving up the wick in a lamp
2. Water moving from the soil into roots of plants
3. Blotting of ink with blotting paper
4. A sponge absorbing water
5. Placing a straw into a glass of water
(d)
(i)
A lever is a simple machine which consists of a rigid bar/rod free to turn about a fixed turning point called the fulcrum/pivot.
(ii)
Examples of second class levers
1. Wheel barrow
2. Nut cracker
3. Bread knife
4. Bottle opener
5. Paper cutter
6. Staplers
7. Doors or gates
8. Nail clippers
(e)
(i)
Okro leaves → grasshopper → toad
OR
Okro leaves → grasshopper → man
OR
Cassava → rat → hawk
OR
Cassava → rat → man
(ii)
Ways of keeping the teeth healthy
1. Brushing of teeth/chewing stick/removal of food particles in between teeth
2. Avoid taking too much sweets
3. Avoid eating too hot or cold food
4. Visit the dentist regularly
5. Chew roughage to exercise teeth
6. Do not misuse teeth for example using it to open bottle tops
7. Avoid using sharp objects to remove particles in-between teeth
8. Take in food containing calcium/vitamins/phosphorous
2.
(a)
Explain the following
(i)
Crackling noises are heard from a metal sheet roof when the weather becomes very hot.
(ii)
Railway tracks are laid with gaps in between their ends.
(iii)
A fitting mechanic washes his greasy hands with petrol and not with water.
(b)
What observation will be made if a piece of blue litmus paper is dropped in each of the following:
(i)
sodium hydroxide solution
(ii)
dilute hydrochloric acid
(iii)
lime juice
(iv)
distilled water
(v)
rain water
(c)
State any three ways in which constipation could be avoided.
(d)
What are the end products of the digestion of each of the following food substances?
(i)
Carbohydrates
(ii)
Proteins
(iii)
fats
(a)
(i)
Crackling noises are heard from a metal sheet roof when the weather becomes very hot
1. The metal sheet roof expand when heated but the nails which hold it prevent its free movement
2. Bending occurs and the cracking noise is caused by this bending movement
(ii)
Railway tracks are laid with gaps in between their ends
1.Railway tracks are laid with gaps in between their ends to make room for expansion when the tracks are heated
2. This prevents them from bending
(iii)
A fitting mechanic washes his greasy hands with petrol and not with water
1. Petrol is a solvent for grease but water is not
2. Therefore the petrol will dissolve the grease on his hands
(b)
| # | Substance | Observation |
| i) | Sodium hydroxide solution (akali/base) | No colour change |
| ii) | Dilute hydrochloric acid | Blue litmus paper changes to/turns red |
| iii) | Lime juice (acid) | Blue litmus paper changes to/turns red |
| iv) | Distilled water (neutral) | No colour change |
| v) | Rain water (slightly acidc) | Blue litmus paper changes to/turns purple |
(c)
Ways by which constipation can be avoided
1. Take meals at regular times
2. Do not overeat
3. Undertake a good amount of exercise
4. Take in enough water at early morning and late night
5. Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables and rouphages
6. Free bowels regulary/attend nature's call regularly
(d)
End products of digestion of food substances
(i)
Carbohydrates → glucose
(ii)
Proteins → amino acids
(iii)
fats → fatty acid and glycerol
3.
(a)
In an experiment, four nails 1, 2, 3 and 4 are fixed with candle wax onto a metal bar and one end of bar is heated by means of boiling water as shown in the diagram below.
A, B, C and D are thermometers inserted in holes along the bar to measure the temperatures at the various points.
(i)
What is the temperature of the boiling water?
(ii)
State the observations that will be made about nails 1, 2, 3 and 4.
(iii)
State the observations that will be made about the temperature recorded by thermometers A, B, C and D.
(iv)
What mode of heat transfer is demonstrated in the experiment?
(v)
State one effect of heat that is associated with the experiment.
(vi)
State the aim of the experiment.
(b)
In an experiment, a student took three iron nails and cleaned their surfaces dry and placed them in three separate test tubes in set-ups A, B and C as shown in the diagram. After three days the nail in set-up A was found to have rusted while the nails in set-ups B and C did not.
Answer the following questions:
(i)
Why was the water in set-up B boiled?
(ii)
Explain the function of the oil on top of the water in set-up B.
(iii)
State the purpose of the rubber stopper in set-up C.
(iv)
Why did the nail in set-up A rust?
(v)
Suggest an aim for the experiment.
(vi)
From the experiment, explain why oil or grease is applied on the surface of a metal to prevent rusting.
(c)
In an experiment, the following activities were carried out on two green leaves A and B.
Leaf A was from a plant placed in the sunlight for sometime while leaf B was from a plant placed in a dark cupboard for 24 hours.
| Activity |
|
I. Leaves dipped in boiling water for 1 minute II. Leaves dipped in warm alcohol III. Leaves washed in cold water IV. Leaves dipped into iodine solution |
After dipping the iodine solution, it was observed that leaf A changed colour while leaf B did not change colour.
Answer the following questions:
(i)
Explain why each of the activities I, II, III and IV was carried out.
(ii)
State the colour change of leaf A.
(iii)
Explain why leaf A changed colour but leaf B did not.
(iv)
Suggest an aim for the experiment.
(a)
(i)
Temperature of boiling water
100o C or 373 K or 212oF
(ii)
Nail 1 will fall off first followed by nail 2, 3 and 4 in that order.
(iii)
A will have the highest temperature followed by B then C and D will have the lowest temperature.
(iv)
Conduction
(v)
Effects of heat that is associated with the experiment
1. Heat transfer
2. Wax melts/water vaporizes
3. Expansion of metal/water
4. Decrease in density for metal/water
5. Water evaporates faster
(vi)
Aim of the experiment
To show that metals are good conductors of heat
OR
Heat travels through metals
(b)
(i)
To remove air/oxygen
(ii)
The oil on top of the water in set-up B is to prevent air/oxygen from dissolving back into the water.
(iii)
The purpose of the rubber stopper in set-up C is to prevent water/moisture from entering the test tube.
(iv)
The nail in set-up A rust because oxygen/air and water/moisture were present.
(v)
Aim for the experiment
To show that air/oxygen and water/moisture are necessary for rusting to take place.
(vi)
Oil or grease prevents air/oxygen and water/moisture from coming into contact with the metal for rusting to occur.
(c)
(i)
I → To kill the cells of the leaf/to stop all chemical reactions in the leaf
II → To decolorize the leaf/to remove the green pigment/chlorophyll from the leaf
III → To soften the leaf/remove or wash off alcohol from the leaf
IV → To test for the presence of starch in the leaf
(ii)
Leaf A changes from whitish/brownish to blue-black.
(iii)
Leaf A was in sunlight and therefore photosynthesis occurred but leaft B was in darkness so photosynthesis did not occur.
OR
Leaf A produced starch but leaf B did not produce starch.
(iv)
Aim for the experiment
To show that sunlight was necessary/important for photosynthesis/starch formation to occur.
4.
(a)
A sample of garden soil is put in a cylinder containing water. It is shaken and allowed to settle.
Draw and label the layers formed.
(b)
(i)
Name four types of forces.
(ii)
A boy used a catapult to pluck a mango from a tree. State two forces involved in this activity.
(iii)
Where are the forces in (b) (ii) applied?
(c)
Describe an experiment to show that there is change in heat energy when a new substance is formed.
(a)
(b)
(i)
Types of forces
1. Force of gravity
2. Weight
3. Magnetic force
4. Electrostatic force
5. Frictional force
6. Centripetal force
7. Viscous force
8. Tensional/Elastic force
9. Adhesion
10. Cohesion
11. Centrifugal force
(ii)
1. Tensional/Elastic force
2. Force of gravity
3. Frictional force
(iii)
1. Tension/elastic force in the rubber band of the catapult pushed the stone
2. Force of gravity brought down the mango
3. Frictional force acts between the stone and the mango/between the leather of the catapult and the stone/between the palm and the stick of the catapult
(c)
Experiment to show that there is change in heat energy when a new substance is formed
1. Take two solutions/substances such as lead nitrate/lead (II) trioxonitrate (V) and dilute hydrochloric acid
2. Measure the temperature of the separate solutions and record
3. Pour the acid into the nitrate
4. Measure the temperature as you stir gently
5. It will be observed that a new substance is formed with a change in temperature
6. It can therefore be concluded that there is a change in heat energy when a new substance is formed
5.
a)
i)
What is surface tension?
ii)
Name two household devices that make use of surface tension.
iii)
Explain how the principle of surface tension operates in one of the devices you have named.
b)
i)
What is constipation?
ii)
State four ways by which constipation can be prevented.
c)
A block of mass 10kg is suspended from a spring. Calculate the force acting on the block.
[g = 10ms-2]
d)
An amount of sodium hydroxide solution was put into a beaker and a piece of litmus paper was added. Dilute hydrochloric acid was added a little at a time with stirring until the litmus paper just turned purple. The resulting solution was evaporated to dryness.
i)
What was the colour of the litmus paper in the sodium hydroxide solution?
ii)
What does the colour change of the litmus paper indicate?
iii)
What substance was left after the evaporation?
iv)
Write a balanced equation for the reaction that took place.
a)
i)
Surface tension is the property of a liquid which makes the surface behave as if it were a stretched elastic skin.
ii)
Household devices that make use of surface tension
1. Umbrellas
2. Raincoats
3. Tents
4. Canopies
iii)
Umbrellas/Raincoats/Tents/Canopies made of canvas do not leak because the surface tension of the water prevents the water from passing through the tiny holes in them
OR
In umbrellas/raincoats/tents/canopies made of canvas, water forms films like stretched elastic skin over each pore which prevents water from passing through.
b)
i)
Constipation is the difficulty in freeing/expelling faces from the bowels regularly.
OR
Constipation is the difficulty in defecating regularly.
OR
Constipation is the irregular and difficult passage of faeces.
ii)
Ways by which constipation can be prevented
1. Take meals at regular times
2. Do not overeat
3. Undertake a good amount of exercise
4. Take in enough water
5. Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables and rouphages
6. Free bowels regulary/attend nature's call regularly
c)
Force = Mass x Acceleration due to gravity
Mass = 10 kg
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10ms-2
Force = 10kg x 10ms-2 = 100 N
d)
i)
Blue
ii)
Reaction is complete
OR
Reaction is slightly acidic
OR
Sodium hydroxide has been neutralized
iii)
Sodium chloride/NaCl/common salt
iv)
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
6.
a)
i)
State two differences between an ecosystem and a habitat.
ii)
What is meant by the term blood?
b)
Explain why it is difficult to separate iron and sulphur mixture after strong heating.
c)
Draw and label a diagram of a ray of light which makes an angle of 350 with the surface of a plane mirror.
d)
State two
i)
advantages of a land rotation.
ii)
disadvantages of land rotation.
a)
i)
| Ecosystem | Habitat |
| Larger | Smaller |
| Larger number of species | Smaller number of species |
| Involves different species | Involves a specific species |
ii)
Blood is a body fluid that transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries away carbon dioxide and other waste products.
b)
Reasons why iron and suphur cannot be separated when heated
After heating, a chemical change occurs and the two substances are chemically combined (compound formed) and no longer a mixture
c)
Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
Angle of incidence + 35o = 90o
Angle of incidence = 90o - 35o
Angle of incidence = 55o
Since angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
Angle of reflection = 55o
d)
i)
Advantages of land rotation
1. It helps check the spread of diseases
2. Land regains lost nutrients after the fallow period
3. Checks spread of pests
ii)
Disadvantages of land rotation
1. Does not encourage large scale farming
2. Virgin forest is destroyed
3. Needs a lot of time and work/ not easy to practice
4. Land is not fully utilized
5. Not suitable for areas where land is scarce
6. Encourages soil erosion