a)

Achievements of the Aborigines Rights Protection Society (A.R.P.S)

1. It helped to abolish the Lands Bill
2. They fought against the house tax (property tax)
3. The society provided the people a platform on which to demand changes in the way British ruled
4. It pressed forward for new laws to be made and ensured that the European land users paid compensations to the land owners
5. It stood and protected the rights of the local people
6. Its influence on the government made it not to rule the people badly
7. It also continued to fight and gained independence for the people from colonial rule

b)

Reasons why the Aborigines Rights Protection Society collapsed

1. Disturbance within the A.R.P.S due to leadership struggle
2. Members lacked ideas for the implementation of policies of A.R.P.S. This made a lot of members to loose interest
3. When the National Congress of British West Africa was formed, many members of A.R.P.S left to join the congress
4. The A.R.P.S involved only elites and rich men whose activities excluded the masses and the youth. This made the society unpopular
5. The death of their eminent lawyer, John Mensah Sarbah was a big blow to the A.R.P.S. Moreover their financier, Jacob Wilson Sey did not trust the other members
6. Guggisberg's constitutional reforms of 1924 (Provincial House of Chiefs) affected the ideas of the society

(a)

Causes of the 1948 riots

1. The Burns Constitution did not provide enough room for African participation in the Legislative and Executive Assembly
2. There were too many Europeans in the Civil Service with a few Africans
3. The Association of West African Merchants (AWAM) dwarfed and crippled African businesses
4. There was general shortage in the supply of essential commodities which led to high prices
5. The practice of conditional sales aggravated the plight of the people
6. The cutting down of cocoa trees affected by the swollen shoot disease
7. The plight of the ex-service men/returnee soldiers or The ex-service men lacked housing, pension, incentives, jobs, etc.
8. The shooting of the ex-service men at the Christiansburg Crossroads

(b)

Recommendations of the Watson Commission

1. The promulgation of a new constitution was needed as a step towards self Government
2. An African must head the Civil Service
3. The grievances of the ex-soldiers must be addressed
4. Ghanaians should have more control over all things that were done in the country
5. The people should be made happy at their work places through provision of social amenities such as housing
6. More schools (Secondary and Agriculture Schools) should be set up to educate Ghanaians to serve the country

a)

Contributions of Ghana to the United Nations Organization

1. Peace-keeping operations in Lebanon, Liberia, Serra-Leone, etc.
2. Catering for refugees from Liberia and Togo
3. Ghanaian public servants serving in the UNO organs and agencies e.g. Kofi Annan was the former Secretary General, Akua Kuenyehia as staff, etc.
4. Ghana served on two occasions as non-permanent member of the Security Council
5. Financial contribution - payment of dues, levies, etc.
6. Auditing of UN accounts by Ghana Audit Service, together with auditors from other countries
7. Hosting of UNO agencies and diplomats who visit the country

b)

Benefits Ghana enjoys from the United Nations Organization

1. Financial support from the World Bank
2. Loans from the IMF
3. UNDP programmes and projects in agricultural and rural development
4. Medical support and control of diseases by WHO
5. Benefits from the World Food programme
6. Observation of our election process and promotion of democratic governance in Ghana
7. Benefits from international conferences organized by the Economic and Social Council
8. Technical assistance in the area of health, education and industry

a)

Duties of the police in Ghana

1. The keep/maintain law and order. They also see to it that people respect and obey the laws of the country
2. They prevent accidents on the roads by making sure that drivers and their vehicles are worthy and licensed and do not carry too many passengers and loads
3. The police see to it that there is peace and order
4. They fight against crime
5. They protect lives and properties
6. They investigate and detect crimes

b)

Responsibilities of the individual in Ghana

1. To be law-abiding in order to bring peace
2. To defend the country in times of external invasion and crises
3. To assist the police by reporting known criminals and criminal cases to them
4. To pay taxes
5. To participate in communal labour
6. To vote when qualified

a)

Functions of the Executive Secretariat of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)

1. The secretariat is the administrative organ of ECOWAS
2. It undertakes research on behalf of ECOWAS
3. It submits periodic reports on the work of the ECOWAS
4. It is responsible for the proposing of policy measures on behalf of ECOWAS
5. The secretariat represents the Council of Ministers and the Summit when necessary

b)

Problems facing the ECOWAS

1. Lack of funds: Some member states ae impoverished to the extent that they cannot honour their financial obligations. They rely on donor countries for assistance with conditions attached to them
2. Language barrier: Because there is no common language, communication becomes difficult among member states. The countries have different official languages such as English, French and Portuguese
3. Dependent on colonial masters: Some states still receive economic aid from their colonial masters and their over dependence on these colonial masters makes them less committed to ECOWAS
4. Large community size: Decision-making is greatly hampered by the large size of the community. Currently, 16 member countries constitute ECOWAS, which is the largest economic community in the world
5. Lack of commitment: As a result of their association to other economic groups, some members do not show the required seriousness in the programs of the community
6. Absence of common currency: Absence of common currency for transactions among member states creates huge transaction losses for traders in the sub-region due to the cost incurred through exchange rates
7. Poor inter-transport and communication links: ECOWAS countries face problem with transport system to link other member countries for effective trading and marketing
8. Political instability (Military takeover): Military takeover/coup d'état in West Africa makes it difficult for ECOWAS to promote its policies and programs in all the member states