a)

b)

Types of rocks

1. Igneous rocks
2. Sedimentary rocks
3. Metamorphic rocks

c)

Importance of rocks

1. Tourist Attraction: The shapes and layers of some rocks are so wonderful and beautiful that they sometimes serve as tourist attraction. An example is the umbrella rocks at Boti Falls
2. Source of Minerals: Minerals like gold, diamond and coal are obtained from rocks
3. Building and Construction: Rocks like igneous and metamorphic are used in building houses, constructing of bridges, dams, roads and sea ports
4. Sources of water: The source of underground water supply depends largely on the nature of rocks. An example is spring wells. Water can be obtained from the ground by constructing a well to reach the aquifer
5. Source of salt: Certain rocks contain salt which are mostly used by people living far from the coastal areas. One can be found at Daboya in Northern Ghana
6. Making of ornaments
7. Production of glass
8. Formation of soil
9. Production of cement, gravel, chippings, etc.
10. Habitat for wildlife

a)

The main organs of the Organization of African Unity (O.A.U)

1. The Assembly of Heads of States and Governments (General Assembly)
2. The Council of Ministers
3. The General Secretariat
4. The Specialized Commission for specific functions

b)

1. Assembly of Heads of States and Governments

i. It is the highest organ, comprising of Heads of States of member countries
ii. It appoints the Administrative Secretary General
iii. Apart from extraordinary sessions which may be convened at the request of any member state, the assembly meets at least once a year

2. The Council of Ministers

i. It is next to the Assembly of Heads of State in terms of power
ii. It comprises all foreign ministers of each member state and reports to the assembly
iii. Its main function is to draw agenda for the assembly's meetings and to implement its decisions
iv. The council meets at least twice annually

3. The General Secretariat

i. It is headed by Secretary General appointed by the Assembly
ii. It carries out all correspondence and administrative duties of the organization
iii. It also implements the decision of the General Assembly
iv. It is based in the capital of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa
v. The Secretary has three (3) year term in office

a)

Minerals mined in Ghana and where they are mined

Gold

1. Obuasi
2. Tarkwa
3. Bogoso
4. Prestea
5. Konongo
6. Kenyasi
7. New Abirem
8. Sekoti
9. Ayamfuri
10. Bibiani
11. Dunkwa-on-ofin
12. Namoorantenga
13. Dosi
14. Asonge

Diamond

1. Akwatia
2. Oda
3. Kade
4. Bonsa Valley
5. Ayamfuri

Crude oil

1. Cape Three Points
2. Takoradi

Salt

1. Ada
2. Accra
3. Keta
4. Ningo
5. Daboya
6. Apam
7. Elmina

Clay

1. Winneba
2. Vume
3. Oframase
4. Tanoso
5. Anfoega

Manganese

Nsuta

Limestone

Oterkpolu

b)

Ways in which minerals are important to the economy of Ghana

1. Job creation
2. Revenue generation for government
3. Income generation for employees
4. Foreign exchange earnings for the government
5. Development of communities/growth of towns
6. Improvement of the image of Ghana in the international community
7. Source of raw material for industries
8. Acquisition of skills
9. Provision of infrastructure and social amenities
10. Provision of scholarship
11. Creation of allied industries e.g. goldsmith
12. Attraction of foreign investors

(a)

Cultural change means adaptation and shift in social, economic and general culture life to be able to cope with present development.

(b)

Factors responsible for cultural change in Ghana

1. Education: Education has positively changed the culture of many societies in Ghana, changing how people think and behave and has exposed many people to cultures that are different from theirs
2. Trade: Trading activities lead to interactions between people from different cultures which help people to adopt cultural traits such as language, dressing and also changed aspects of their own culture considered as outmoded
3. Inventions and other forms of technology: Inventions expose people to new lifestyles, dressing, beliefs and new way of doing things causing changes in their old and traditional culture
4. Travelling/migration: When people travel/migrate from their hometowns, communities and countries, they discover new aspects of culture which are easier and better and may adopt and integrate the new culture into theirs
5. Changes in the physical environment such as deforestation, increase in rainfall, etc.
6. Changes in the social environment such as increased population, smaller families and changes in the respect for leaders
7. Social upheavals such as civil wars, conflicts, revolutions, etc.
8. Research and new discoveries such as plant medicine, mineral discoveries, etc.
9. Influence of other cultures due to religion, colonization, media influence, etc.
10. Inter-marriages: Marriages between people from different cultures lead to the adoption of new aspects of culture such as language, religion, dress, food, etc.

(a)

(b)

Contributions of the 1992 constitution of Ghana to the development of the nation

1. Prevention of dictatorial rule
2. Serves as a guide for change of government
3. Serves as terms of reference to maintain law and order
4. Determines type of political system used to run the country
5. Given legitimacy to government and political institutions
6. Gives Ghana the status of nationhood
7. Ensures accountability and good governance
8. Protects human right
9. Establishes various organs/arms of government and their functions
10. Recognises chieftaincy as an institution
11. Allocates functions of the organs of Government

Any 4 @ 3 marks each = 12 marks

a)

b)

1. Destruction of lives

2. Destruction of properties

3. Lead to hunger

4. Displacement of people

5. Outbreak of diseases

6. Abuse of human right

7. Increase government expenditure

c)

1. Reconciliation

2. Meditation

3. Arbitration

4. Negotiation

5. Persuasion

6. Collaboration

7. Counselling