(a)

Ways in which tourism contributes to the economy of Ghana

1. It serves as a source of employment for people e.g. tourist guides for tourist sites, chefs, waiters, cleaners, etc. in hotels that accommodate these tourists
2. It brings in foreign exchange earnings e.g. payment of hotel bills, buying of food, souvenirs, etc.
3. It promotes the development of local crafts which are brought as souvenirs by tourists
4. It helps in the promotion of infrastructural development e.g. electricity, water, good roads, hotels, etc.
5. It also exposes/advertises the country to the outside world
6. It helps in the diversification of the economy
7. It generates revenue to the government in the form of tax e.g. airport tax
8. It leads to the preservation and development of tourist sites e.g. beaches, castles, parks, monkey sanctuaries, water falls, etc.
9. It promotes agriculture e.g. horticulture
10. It attracts foreign investors to invest in the country

(b)

Ways in which tourism can be promoted in Ghana

1. Ensuring adequate security for tourists when they come
2. Effective publicity in the media and foreign embassies
3. A clean environment to attract the tourists
4. Training of tourist personnel such as guides, drivers, etc.
5. The infrastructure/social amenities should be of acceptable standards
6. Treating tourists as guest with honesty and respect
7. Maintaining the tour sites (castles, game reserves, beaches, etc.) all the time
8. Establishing of Ghana Tourist Board to promote tourism

(a)

Examples of secondary industries and their locations in Ghana

(b)

Contributions of secondary industries to the economy of Ghana

1. They add value to the goods for export
2. They earn foreign exchange from the export of the goods
3. Provision of employment opportunities to both skilled and unskilled labour
4. Preservation of our food crops
5. Conservation of foreign exchange, import substitution
6. Provides us with variety of goods such as cocoa powder, cloth, cement, etc.
7. Helps in the development of infrastructure such as roads, good water, electricity, etc.
8. Provides training on the job for citizens
9. Generates revenue for the Government through taxes

a)

Study the table below and match correctly the events in column A against the year it occurred in column B.

b)

Causes of the 1948 riots in the Gold Coast.

(a)

Aims of the Organization of African Unity (O.A.U)

1. Promotion of unity and solidarity among member states
2. Removal of all forms of colonization and the neo-colonization in Africa
3. Defence: To defend the sovereignty and independence of African states
4. Respect: To respect the independent status of every member State
5. Promotion of international co-operation among African states and other states within the framework of the United Nations Organization

(b)

Achievements of the Organization of African Unity (O.A.U)

1. Conflict resolution: It has helped to settle so many disputes and end conflicts on the continent. For instance the civil war in Congo
2. Promotion of economic co-operation: The O.A.U with other organs like Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) have encouraged trade among African states
3. Promoting respect for Africans: The Union (O.A.U ) has made Africa's voice to be heard in the international community
4. Decolonization in Africa: The Union has supported many African countries (states) to gain independence. Examples are Zimbabwe, Namibia, etc.
5. Maintenance of world peace: The O.A.U has helped to maintain peace and security in Africa as well as other parts of the world. During the Israel and Egypt conflict, through O.A.U, African states were able to send troops
6. The Union has helped to abolish racial discrimination during the white regime in South Africa leading to the establishment of democracy
7. Promoting true unity: The O.A.U has succeeded in bring African countries of various colonial backgrounds and political ideologies together

(a)

Challenges mostly associated with human resource development in Ghana

1. Brain drain
2. Inadequate training and retraining facilities
3. Limited welfare service
4. Poor conditions of service
5. Financial challenges
6. Inadequate job opportunities
7. Inconsistent government policies
8. Bribery and corruption
9. Nepotism/favouritism
10. Poor exhibition of values and attitudes/poor work ethics
11. Improper implementation of educational policies
12. Ineffective monitoring and supervision

(b)

Ways government can use the tourism industry to drive development in Ghana

1. Brings about infrastructural development in Ghana
2. Helps to promote local industries