a)

The Fante Confederation

1. The Fante Confederation was formed in 1868 by the Fante states and some southern states like Denkyire, Wassaw, Twifu and Assin.
2. It was one of the movements that opposed the growth of British influence in Ghana

Reasons for which the Fante Confederation was formed

1. British interference in local affairs
2. Protest against payment of taxes
3. Failure of the British to protect the less performing states e.g. Twifo Ajumako and Asikuma
4. Maltreatment of some Fante Chiefs
5. To prevent the Dutch from taking over Komenda
6. The Fante at certain time lost confidence in the British
7. Lack of social amenities in the Gold Coast Colony
8. Non representation at the legislative and executive councils

b)

Reasons for the fall of the Fante Confederation

1. The British caused confusion among the chiefs thereby dividing their front
2. The non-Fante members of the confederation lost interest in the confederation because they joined the union to help the people of Komenda against the Dutch. When the Dutch left in 1972 they saw no need to be members of the union
3. Members of the various groups felt that leaders should be chosen from their groups and this led to power struggle which eventually weakened the union
4. The British were hostile to the confederation, so they arrested and imprisoned some of its leaders in an attempt to weaken the confederation
5. Financial problems also made it impossible for the union to implement its plans

a)

Aims of the United Nations Organization

1. To maintain and promote world peace and security
2. To promote the respect for human rights
3. To promote mutual respect for member states through co-operation in solving economic, social and cultural problems
4. To prevent re-occurrence of another world war

b)

Problems facing the United Nations Organization

1. Financial problems: The U.N does not have adequate funds to implement and enforce its decisions or programs worldwide. The main source of revenue for the U.N is through the annual dues which member states pay. Some countries default in payment
2. Political hindrances: The veto exercise by some permanent members (countries) on the Security Council sometimes makes the organization weak because they abuse the veto power and the rule of law
3. Lack of regular (ready) troops: The absence of standing military personnel delays timely interventions by the U.N on war fronts
4. Division of the world into power blocs also poses a problem. It hinders co-operation among members and also prevents free and fair decisions at U.N.O. meetings

Example,

200

Example,

1820

(a)

Reasons for the coming of the early Europeans into West Africa

1. To discover the sea route to India and the Far East
2. To colonize
3. To explore the interior of Africa
4. To trade with the people of West Africa
5. To spread Christianity and check the spread of Islam
6. To introduce European type of education through establishment of schools
7. They needed raw materials for their industries
8. They wanted to expand their market for their products

(b)

Effects of the coming of the Europeans on the people

1. Conversion of the people to Christianity
2. Slave trade caused depopulation of the region, for able-bodied people were taken away
3. Introduction of currency as the medium of exchange in place of the barter system
4. Introduction of Formal Education by opening of schools and colleges
5. Growth of towns through urbanization
6. Establishment of peace, law and order
7. Scientific method of farming was introduced
8. Introduction of new crops such as cocoyam, cocoa, coffee, etc.
9. Changes in our culture-tastes for European goods such as food, dressing, marriages, family system, etc.
10. New types of buildings/architecture were introduced
11. Creation of nation states within colonial boundaries
12. Provision of infrastructure such as roads, railways, ports and harbours, communication
13. They exploited African resources such as gold
14. Castles built along the coast are now historical monuments and seat of government
15. Introduction of a new system of government
16. Loss of self-esteem, respect and self-reliance

(a)

Marriage is the union between a man and a woman who have agreed to live together as husband and wife and have gone through all the procedures recognised in their society.

4 marks

(b)

Reasons people get married

1. For companionship
2. Legitimate sexual avenue
3. For procreation
4. For mutual assistance
5. For social status/respect
6. For economic support
7. For social cohesion or unity among families
8. For security/protection
9. For love/affection
10. Family/Societal pressure

Any 4 @ 1 mark = 4 marks

(c)

Reasons for a successful marriage

1. Faithfulness/Honesty
2. Hard work
3. Effective communication
4. Showing love and affection
5. Adequate preparation towards marriage/proper background checks
6. Developing a peaceful resolution to resolve conflicts
7. Tolerance
8. Understanding/compatibility
9. Trust
10. Commitment/sacrifice
11. Sexual satisfaction
12. Ignoring external influence/not comparing
13. Child bearing/fertility
14. Mutual respect

Any 4 @ 3 marks = 12 marks