a)

Types of rainfall experienced in Ghana

1. Convectional
2. Relief/Orographic
3. Cyclonic/frontal

b)

Convectional Rainfall

1. The heating of the land surface causes evaporation of warm moist
2. The warm moist air becomes light and it is forced to rise by convection currents
3. The moist air becomes cooler in the upper atmosphere
4. The moist air condenses and forms cumulus rain clouds
5. With further cooling, cumulus clouds develop into cumulonimbus clouds
6. Heavy rain often accompanied by thunder and lightning falls
7. Hailstones may fall
8. Convectional rainfall occurs mostly in the afternoon

Relief/Orographic Rainfall

1. Warm moist air from the sea, lake or any water body blows against a highland barrier
2. The air formed is rise above the highland
3. The air becomes cooler in the upper atmosphere
4. The air is condensed to form cumulus clouds
5. With further cooling the cumulus clouds develop into cumulonimbus clouds
6. Much rain falls on the windward side of the highland
7. Very little rain falls on the leeward side of the highland

Cyclonic/frontal Rainfall

1. Cold air mass and warm air meets at a front
2. The cold air mass sinks because it is denser/heavier
3. The warm air mass rises over the cold air mass
4. The warm air mass rises into the upper atmosphere
5. It condenses to form cumulus clouds
6. Further cooling of the clouds causes the formation of cumulonimbus clouds
7. Rain falls ahead of the cold front
8. It falls in showers
9. It covers a wide area

(a)

Sources of revenue to the District Assemblies in Ghana

1. Tolls or fees
2. Court fines
3. Property rates
4. Government grants for paying salaries and pensions
5. District Assembly Common Fund
6. Basic rates/land poll tax (lampoon)
7. Issuing of licenses
8. Economic ventures
9. Loans
10. Donations from NGO's
11. Royalties

(b)

Contributions of the District Assemblies to the development of your area

1. They engage in refuse collection and other aspects of sanitation
2. They help in the construction and maintenance of feeder roads
3. They assist in the training and retraining of their staff
4. They provide civic education for citizens
5. They help in infrastructural development by building toilets, markets, etc.
6. They develop tourist sites that bring in foreign exchange
7. They also provide sponsorship for some exchange programs
8. They make bye-laws to maintain law, order and peace
9. They enforce bye-laws through the courts
10. They give scholarships to needy but brilliant students

a)

b)

i) Lake Bosomtwi -> Kumasi

ii) Volta Estuary -> Accra

iii) Mole National Park -> Tamale

iv) Ussher Fort -> Accra

c)

1. Improving tourist facilities

2. Providing security to tourist

3. Preserving the beauty of tourist site

4. Improving sanitation around tourist site

5. Reasonable cost for tourist

6. Political stability

(a)

Ways through which human resource can be developed in Ghana

1. Provision of education: General education helps people to read and write producing intelligent and responsible people for administrative positions. Education equip the individuals with knowledge, attitude and experience to discover their inherent qualities, talents, capabilities, etc. which makes them become a valuable resource in solving problems, performing task and handling challenges.
2. Provision of technical and vocational education/Training: Training programmes impact new skills and correct common mistakes among individuals while performing their duties. Training is to make human labour more efficient
3. Welfare services: The improvement in the welfare of the human being whose resources are needed also need to be taken into consideration to make labour more efficient. Services such as scholarships, health schemes, social security, insurance, etc. can help in developing human resource
4. Creating employment opportunities: Individuals become more efficient, productive and resourceful when they get access to facilities to practice the skills, knowledge and experience they acquired through learning and training
5. Working conditions: The general conditions under which people work also affects their productivity. A good working environment/conditions encourages the individual to bring out his/her best
6. Remuneration and incentives to motivate workers. If the salaries and wages of workers are low, they will not be compelled to show extreme devotion to their work. The government and management must therefore give attractive salaries for them to bring their best
7. Good work ethics: individuals should develop positive attitudes such as loyalty, punctuality, honesty, etc. to work
8. The use of efficient tools: Good working environment as well as efficient tools such as up-to-date computers, etc. should be made available in order to make the workers more resourceful
9. Good labour management and supervision at workplaces: Workers are more resourceful when there is an atmosphere of good labour management and supervision. These compel the worker to be resourceful and bring out his/her best
10. Provision of refresher/in-service training of workers: Workers must be given the opportunity to go through in-service trainings/refresher courses at the workplace to update their skills to meet the new trends of production
11. Provision of organized visits to established institutions to learn and share experiences, organizational ideas, etc.

(b)

Reasons why labour is not fully used in Ghana

1. Poor working conditions: Low salaries and wages and poor working conditions do not encourage the worker to do his/her best at work
2. Inadequate training facilities: On-the-job and off-the-job training makes people improve upon their skills and knowledge and make them more efficient. In the absence of these facilities, it's not possible to train the people
3. Inadequate job opportunities: Many Ghanaians after their education find it difficult to secure a job and this make it impossible for them to put their skills and knowledge to use
4. Limited welfare services: Many Ghanaian workers do not have welfare services such as accomodation/housing facilities, medical services, insurance, transport to and from work. There is nothing to motivate the worker to put in his/her best
5. Low technical know-how: Majority of Ghanaians have low level of technical know-how as such, they are unable to exploit the available resources
6. Poor attitudes to work: Most Ghanaians exhibit negative attitudes such as lateness, absenteeism, etc. to work due to low level of supervision at workplaces. This make them waste productive hours and work below their capacity
7. Inadequate training and retraining: Workers do not get adequate training and as a result they are not fully equipped with the necessary skills required to perform a task

a)

Dr. Kwame Nkrumah

1. Was the first president of Ghana and the leading instrument in the fight for independence
2. He was the prime minister in 1952 and later ruled Ghana as president from 1960 to 1966
3. Born at Nkroful on 21^st September, 1909 in the Western Region of Ghana
4. He attended Roman Catholic Primary and Middle Schools at Half-Assini and taught for a year as a pupil teacher in the same town
5. He attended Achimota College in 1926 and got a teaching certificate in 1930
6. He travelled to America in 1935 and studied at Lincoln University where he received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Economics and Sociology and a Degree in Theology
7. He also attended the University of Pennsylvania and received a Masers Degree in Philosophy and a Master of Science Degree in Education
8. He left the USA for Britain to study Economics at the London School of Economics between 1945 and 1947
9. He was invited to the Gold Coast by the leadership of the UGCC in 1947 to occupy the post of General Secretary of the party
10. He later left the UGCC to form his own political party, the Convention People's Party (CPP) on 12^th June, 1949
11. He helped Ghana to gain independence on 6^th March, 1957
12. His government was overthrown on 24^th February, 1966
13. He died on 27^{th April, 1972 in Bucharest (Romania)}

Achievements of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah

1. He led Ghana to attain her independence from the colonial masters
2. He constructed the Tema motorway and townships
3. He constructed the Adomi Bridge
4. He started the Akosombo Dam in 1961 and completed it in 1965
5. He introduced irrigation farming particularly for rice and sugar cultivation at Komenda and Asutuare
6. He built the Tema Harbour
7. He played a major role in the formation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU)
8. He introduced the compulsory and free-tuition primary education including the free text-books scheme
9. He established several institutions of higher learning such as Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology at Kumasi in 1952 and Cape Coast University in 1962 at Cape Coast
10. He built new hospitals such as Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi and Effia Nkwanta Hospital at Secondi Takoradi
11. He established the University of Ghana Medical School at Korle-Bu in Accra

b)

Sir Frederick Gordon Guggisberg

1. He was a Canadian born British Governor who ruled the Gold Coast from 1919 to 1927
2. He was born in 1869
3. He first arrived in Gold Coast in 1901 to draw survey maps of the country and left in 1908
4. He also took part in the first world war from 1914 to 1918

Achievements of Sir Gordon Guggisberg

1. Development of health centres
2. Initiative development plan
3. Construction of ports and harbour
4. Construction of roads
5. Construction of railway lines
6. Proposed electrification projects
7. Establishment of schools
8. Release of seized lands to owners
9. Drafted more Africans into Administration/civil service
10. Drafted a constitution for the country
11. Brokered peace between the British and the country
12. Chiefs were represented in legislation
13. Set up of Provincial Councils for each province
14. Helped in the development of agriculture sector
15. Encouraged the teaching of technical and vocational skills in schools
16. Encouraged the teaching of local history and languages
17. Encouraged the education of girls
18. Returned Prempeh I from Seychelles Island