a)

Kissi is at the North-East of Tamo

b)

Distance in kilometres along the class one road from Aplu to the bridge across River Lawi

Distance on map = 5 cm

Scale = 1 cm : 2 km

If 1 cm = 2 km
5 cm = $\frac{\mathrm{5\; cm\; x\; 2\; km}}{\mathrm{1\; cm}}$ = 10 km

∴ Actual distance between Aplu and River Lawi is 10 km

c)

River Lawi flows from North-East to South-West

d)

The feature marked X at the mouth of River Lawi is a estuary

e)

Railway and road are the two lines of communication of the area

f)

Products that are likely to be exported through the Tamo port

1. Timber
2. Gold
3. Sugar cane

(a)

Major problems related to cattle rearing in Africa

1. Lack of financial assistance to enable farmers expand their businesses
2. Prevalence of pests and diseases such as tsetse flies, rinderpest, trypanosomiasis, etc.
3. Shortage of water: Many parts of Africa experience low amount of rainfall. The irregular pattern of rainfall causes shortage of water when dams and rivers reduce in volume or dry up completely
4. Shortage of feed: As a result of water shortage, there are low yield of grass (pasture) for the cattle to feed on and this eventually affect their growth
5. Inadequate veterinary services and extension officers and high cost of drugs and vaccines
6. Because the cattle are not properly housed or kept under free-running system, animals are stolen or killed
7. Bush fire: Burning of bush destroys the pasture which requires an alternative source of feeding and that will lead to high cost of feeding

(b)

Solutions to problems

1. Government should assist cattle owners with loans. Cattle owners can also form co-operatives and apply for bank loans to enable them expand their businesses
2. Regular clearing of bushes around ranches as well as spraying of pesticides and insecticides
3. Irrigation dams and wells could be constructed to ensure the availability of drinking water for the cattle at all times of the year
4. Farmers should prepare hay and silage in times of abundance of grass to feed the cattle in dry seasons
5. More veterinary service stations must be built and resourced in cattle rearing areas and extension officers trained to offer regular services to animals and farmers
6. Farmers should properly house their cattle or guide the cattle by herdsmen for free-running system to prevent being stolen or killed
7. Bush fires should be checked for instance using fire belt and enacting by-laws to punish the culprits

a)

Achievements of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah

1. He led Ghana to attain her independence from the colonial masters
2. He constructed the Tema motorway and townships
3. He constructed the Adomi Bridge
4. He started the Akosombo Dam in 1961 and completed it in 1965
5. He introduced irrigation farming particularly for rice and sugar cultivation at Komenda and Asutuare
6. He built the Tema Harbour
7. He played a major role in the formation of the Organization of African Unity (OAU)
8. He introduced the compulsory and free-tuition primary education including the free text-books scheme
9. He established several institutions of higher learning such as Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology at Kumasi in 1952 and Cape Coast University in 1962 at Cape Coast
10. He built new hospitals such as Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi and Effia Nkwanta Hospital at Secondi Takoradi
11. He established the University of Ghana Medical School at Korle-Bu in Accra

b)

Reasons that led to the overthrow of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah

1. He introduced a one party state by making the CPP autonomous which brought about chaos and anarchy (confusions and misunderstandings) in the country
2. There was the impression that he had a dictatorship government, delegating powers and posts to only members of his Convention Peoples Party (CPP)
3. It was believed that he was mismanaging the nation's finances for instance it was believed that he gave ten million pounds (£10,000,000) to Guinea to fight for her independence
4. His government suffered bribery, corruption and mismanagement
5. With the introduction of Preventive Detention Act, he maltreated and seduced people who opposed him
6. Some of his foreign policies distanced him from some international leaders who worked out for his overthrow
7. Because of the preferential treatment given to his body guards (Presidential Owned Guard Regiment, POG), the regular army became resentful and dissatisfied

a)

Education is a process of learning to acquire knowledge, skills, attitudes and values. Training on the other hand is the acquisition of specific skills to perform specific tasks.

b)

Advantages of using modern technology in the production of goods and services

1. It makes labour more efficient
2. It makes difficult work easy to do
3. It speeds up work
4. It minimizes breakdown
5. It leads to mass production of goods and services - high productivity
6. It promotes specialization
7. It releases labour for use in other sectors of the economy
8. Work that is dangerous for human being can be done
9. Goods are standardized
10. Reduces unit cost of production
11. Labour cost is reduced

a)

Reasons why people embark on tours to different places

1. For sightseeing
2. To learn new things (e.g. culture)
3. For enjoyment and relaxation
4. To acquire new artifacts
5. To appreciate and interact with nature
6. For religious purposes
7. For health reasons
8. To engage in economic activities
9. For education and research

b)

Importance of tourism to the Ghanaian

1. Provides employment
2. Serves as source of foreign exchange
3. Source of revenue to the state
4. Leads to infrastructural development
5. Helps to conserve natural resources
6. Promotes the growth and development of local craft industries
7. Projects Ghana's image abroad
8. Attracts foreign investors
9. Helps to protect historical monuments