a)

Characteristics of a good map

A good map should have:
1. Title
2. A date
3. Key or legend
4. A scale
5. Convectional signs
6. Direction

b)

Steps taken to draw the map of a school compound

1. Do a reconnaissance/survey
2. Do a rough sketch map
3. Revisit the compound for correction
4. Measure the length and breadth of the compound
5. Choose and state the scale
6. Draw the outline of the compound using the scale
7. Insert the outline of the features on the compound
8. Label the features inside the frame of the compound
9. Show the north pole
10. Show the key
11. Write the title of the map

a)

Features of the rain forest

1. The forest is evergreen throughout the year with broad leaves
2. The forest is arranged in layers
3. The trees are tall and straight
4. There are many lianas and/or woody climbers which twist around trees
5. The trees have inter-locking canopies
6. Dead leaves, trees and fungi are common in the undergrowth
7. The trees are not found in pure stands
8. The trees have thin barks with buttress roots

b)

Benefits of the rain forest

1. Provides timber exported for foreign exchange
2. Provides timber for construction and furniture
3. Provides raw materials for crafts e.g. cane for basket and wood for carving
4. Provides bark, roots and leaves for preparation of herbal medicine
5. Provides habitat for wild animals e.g. elephants, monkeys, lions, etc.
6. Protects sources of many rivers and keeps them from drying up
7. Provides food e.g. fruits, wild yam
8. Provides the condition for the cultivation of certain crops such as cocoa, cola, rubber, etc.
9. Serves as source of employment for chain-saw operators, farmers, etc.
10. Serves as tourist attractions e.g. Kakum Forest Reserves, the Big Tree near Akim Oda
11. Serves as source of fuel wood and charcoal

a)

Aims of the United Nations Organization (U.N.O)

1. To maintain and promote world peace and security
2. To promote the respect for human rights
3. To promote mutual respect for member states through co-operation in solving economic, social and cultural problems
4. To prevent re-occurrence of another world war

b)

Problems facing the United Nations Organization (U.N.O)

1. Financial problems: The U.N does not have adequate funds to implement and enforce its decisions or programs worldwide. The main source of revenue for the U.N is through the annual dues which member states pay. Some countries default in payment
2. Political hindrances: The veto exercise by some permanent members (countries) on the Security Council sometimes makes the organization weak because they abuse the veto power and the rule of law
3. Lack of regular (ready) troops: The absence of standing military personnel delays timely interventions by the U.N on war fronts
4. Division of the world into power blocs also poses a problem. It hinders co-operation among members and also prevents free and fair decisions at U.N.O. meetings

(a)

Ways to reduce tensions and conflicts

1. The need for tolerance
2. Engaging the youth in an open forum/inclusiveness
3. Settlement of misunderstanding
4. Counselling
5. Compromise through negotiation
6. Collaboration
7. Providing adequate security

(b)

How peace and security can lead to development in Ghana

1. Enable provision of economic facilities i.e. Factories and markets
2. Enable the provision of infrastructure such as schools and hospitals
3. Enable access to quality human resource
4. Enable the availability of job opportunities
5. Enable attraction of foreign and domestic investments
6. Enable citizens to have confidence to contribute in nation building
7. Curtail brain drain
8. Government expenditure is geared towards proper development
9. Good governance is provided
10. Promotion of national cohesion and unity
11. Promote human rights
12. Promote stable environment for critical thinking and innovation
13. Protect lives and property
14. Promote political stability

a)

b)