a)

Major relief features in Ghana

1. Mountains/highlands
2. Valleys
3. Plateaus
4. Plains
5. Lowland

b)

Oceans of the world

1. Atlantic
2. Arctic
3. Antarctic
4. Indian
5. Pacific

c)

Ways the forest vegetation in Ghana can be preserved

1. Creation of forest reserves where people are not allowed to cut down the trees or undertake farming activities
2. Creation of forest/sacred grooves
3. Reforestation and afforestation projects
4. Prevention of forest from being burnt down e.g. creation of fire belts, controlling the activities of palm wine tappers, institution of fire brigades etc.
5. Adoption of better agricultural practices such as mixed cropping, cover cropping, crop rotation, etc.
6. Public education on forest conservation
7. Implementation and enforcement of existing laws
8. Provision of substitutes to forest resources e.g. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (L.P.G)
9. Control of sand winning/mining activities in the forest

a)

b)

1.Foreign languages being promoted at the expense of the native tongue

2. Reliance on colonial masters

3. Taste for foreign goods

4. loss of cultural values

5. Over-exploitation of natural resources

6. Destruction of the African political system

7. wider disparity between rural and urban areas

c)

1. Patronizing of goods made in Ghana

2. Industrialization

3. Exporting of more goods from the country than import

4. Acknowledgement of the nation's human resource values

5. Reduction of an excessive preference for foreign goods

6. Prevention of bribery and corruption

a)

The Fante Confederation

1. The Fante Confederation was formed in 1868 by the Fante states and some southern states like Denkyire, Wassaw, Twifu and Assin.
2. It was one of the movements that opposed the growth of British influence in Ghana

Reasons for which the Fante Confederation was formed

1. British interference in local affairs
2. Protest against payment of taxes
3. Failure of the British to protect the less performing states e.g. Twifo Ajumako and Asikuma
4. Maltreatment of some Fante Chiefs
5. To prevent the Dutch from taking over Komenda
6. The Fante at certain time lost confidence in the British
7. Lack of social amenities in the Gold Coast Colony
8. Non representation at the legislative and executive councils

b)

Reasons for the fall of the Fante Confederation

1. The British caused confusion among the chiefs thereby dividing their front
2. The non-Fante members of the confederation lost interest in the confederation because they joined the union to help the people of Komenda against the Dutch. When the Dutch left in 1972 they saw no need to be members of the union
3. Members of the various groups felt that leaders should be chosen from their groups and this led to power struggle which eventually weakened the union
4. The British were hostile to the confederation, so they arrested and imprisoned some of its leaders in an attempt to weaken the confederation
5. Financial problems also made it impossible for the union to implement its plans

(a)

(b)

Reasons the society must be educated on human rights

1. To encourage freedom of speech
2. To prevent corruption in society/promote accountability
3. To protect the vulnerable in the society/reduction in fear
4. To live and enjoy life to the full
5. To enable citizens, enjoy freedom of movement
6. Equal opportunity to everyone to earn a living
7. To enable citizens enjoy equal legal representation and opportunity
8. To enable citizens enjoy freedom of association
9. To create awareness
10. Respect for each other in society/peaceful co-existence
11. To prevent crime in the society

Any 4 points @ 3 marks each = 12 marks

a)

Mean/Average = $\frac{\mathrm{Sum\; of\; items}}{\mathrm{Number\; of\; items}}$

Mean = $\frac{\mathrm{25\; +\; 27\; +\; 27\; +\; 27\; +\; 26\; +\; 26}}{6}$

Mean = $\frac{158}{6}$

Mean = 26.333 °C ≈ 26.33 °C

b)

Range = Highest - Lowest

Annual temperature range = Highest Temperature - Lowest Temperature

Highest Temperature = 27
Lowest Temperature = 23

Annual temperature range = 27 °C - 23°C
Annual temperature range = 4 °C

c)

Total annual rainfall = 43 + 53 + 137 + 145 + 183 + 234 + 127 + 74 + 178 + 201 + 99 + 30
Total annual rainfall = 1,504 mm

d)

Description of the pattern of rainfall distribution

1. The rainfall pattern is not evenly distributed because in June and October, the highest rainfall was recorded, December and January recorded the lowest rainfall figures
2. It rained in every month of the year
3. The months of June and October are the wettest
4. The rainfall in August shows a drop between the two peaks
5. December has the least rainfall
6. The total annual rainfall (1,504 mm) is high