a)

Usefulness of:

b)

Steps one can take to preserve the plants in the environment

1. Educating people about the need to preserve trees
2. Avoiding activities likely to cause bush fires
3. Practicing afforestation to replace any fallen tree
4. Checking the habit of allowing cattle to overgraze and sand winning which can destroy plants
5. Reducing the level of pollution in the atmosphere if it cannot be prevented
6. Passing bye-laws to check the problem of indiscriminate felling of trees

a)

Prayer is a communication between the creator and His creation/creatures. Normally between God and man.

b)

Importance of prayer to the traditional worshipper

1. It serves as a communication to the gods and the supreme being
2. It wages war against one's enemies
3. It honours the supreme being
4. For thanking and showing appreciation to the supreme being
5. It enables the prayer to confess his/her sins and ask for forgiveness
6. It makes the prayer feel secured and protected
7. The prayer grows in spiritual things

a)

Contributions of Caliph Abubakar to Islam

1. He put in place elements of democratic governance by consulting important personalities in the community before taking a decision
2. He formed a well-trained Islamic army.
3. He appointed judges/clerics of high integrity who instituted punishment as prescribed in the Holy Quran
4. He appointed local rulers / council of elders who advised him on important matters affecting believers.
5. He helped the Holy Prophet Muhammed to embark on Jihad
6. He taught Muslims the Hajj rites or rituals.
7. He brought unity among Muslims and crushed all rebellions.
8. He gave all his wealth for the service of Allah.
9. Under his rule as Caliph, Islam spread to many parts of the world.
10. He was physically tortured, but stood firm for the cause of Islam.
11. He helped to resolve the conflict of succession between the Awars and the Rhrjraz.
12. He freed many slaves including Billab the Muezzin by paying ransoms for them.
13. He helped to build a mosque at Medina and paid for the land on which it was built.
14. He organized the collection of the fragmented verses of the Quran into a book.
15. He appointed a successor before he died to avoid confusion.
16. He gave up his trading business to become a full-time administrator of the Islamic state.
17. He was the first Caliph to propagate / preach Islam. He attached a lot of importance to the preaching of the right way of life.
18. He helped the poor and needy.

b)

Lessons learnt from the contribution of Caliph Abubakar

1. Muslims should be willing to use their wealth for the work of Allah
2. Muslims should have the courage to give up all they have in order to serve Allah faithfully.
3. Muslims should endure all forms of trials and tribulations for the sake of Allah.
4. We should be honest, truthful and trustworthy/loyal in all their deeds.
5. We should help the poor and needy.
6. We should endeavour to be steadfast.
7. Muslims should be brave and courageous to fight in the name of Allah.
8. Muslims must respect and fear Allah.
9. Muslims must help to spread the word of Allah.
10. We must be tolerant/humble
11. We must demonstrate generosity/kindness. This should be demonstrated by all believers.
12. We must be patriotic to our nation. Be patriotic to one’s nation
13. We must be peacemakers / resolve conflict.

a)

Good deeds that will merit commendation

1. Running errands free of charge
2. Helping the aged and physically challenged to cross lorry roads.
3. Reporting criminals to the authorities or the police.
4. Helping to teach someone something he or she does not know
5. Participating in communal labour and general environmental cleanliness
6. Protecting social amenities and properties
7. Supporting the poor and the needy
8. Appreciating and being grateful
9. Obedience to rules and regulations

b)

Types of rewards that go with good deeds

1. Praise/Applause: Words that show approval for something / Encouraging words
2. Recommendation: Verbal or written notices showing how good someone is and therefore should be helped when in need
3. A good testimonial which is an account of an individual's character, academic performance, conduct and behavior.
4. Certificates: An official document which gives credence to facts about how a person qualifies or is capable of achieving something.
5. Awards: These include cash prices, books, scholarships, citations etc. Which is given to an individual in appreciation for hard work.
6. Trophies and medals: In some sports and other competitions, successful and disciplined winners are given medal in appreciation for their efforts.
7. Promotions to higher classes or grades for excellent or outstanding deeds.
8. Smiles: To look cheerful to somebody to show one's love
9. Pat on the back/shoulder/handshake to show one's love
10. Citation/complementary cards: An official statement about something special that somebody has done, etc.
11. Say "thank you", "God bless you", etc. to show one's gratitude
12. Money/Gifts: Something which is given to somebody especially on special occasions as present

a)

Benefits of leading a chaste life

1. One becomes socially accepted and respected
2. One remains pure and holy before his/her creator
3. One (female) is safe from unwanted pregnancies
4. Boys become free from becoming premature fathers
5. One is safe from STDS such as AIDS, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, etc.
6. One become and remain focused in life
7. One is cautious in getting into early marriage/trust in marriage
8. One will be happy and be at peace with one's object of worship

b)

Effects of teenage pregnancy

1. Physically the girl's pelvic bones are not well developed to cope with the strains of pregnancy. This may lead to premature birth deformed babies
2. The physical/health challenges may led to serious complications and death of the baby/mother
3. The girl may become school dropout since she has to stop schooling
4. Psychologically, she becomes shy as people jeer at her and become depressed as she shuns people
5. Leads to single parenting
6. Brings about streetism
7. Shame to the family of the girl and herself
8. Malnourishment on the side of the baby
9. The young father may have to stop schooling to work and provide for himself, the girl and the baby
10. The child becoming a burden on the society if parents are unable to take good care of him/her
11. Parents of the baby will not get good job since they do not have any qualification

a)

Religious songs are songs sung in the various religions with elements and expressions based on their beliefs and faith. The goals of religious songs may be for praises, invocations, consolation, communication, worship to the Supreme Being, etc.

b)

Moral lessons that can be learnt from religious songs

1. They teach people to be law-abiding
2. They encourage human beings
3. They bring joy
4. Words in some of them caution us to refrain from evil and its consequences
5. They criticize us when we are wrong
6. They teach us to acknowledge God/the Supreme Being
7. They teach us to be God fearing and obedient
8. They teach us to be patient and endure difficult times

a)

Differences between leisure time and idleness

Leisure can be a break from the normal work/time period that one is not compelled to work. One's leisure period is for relaxing to regain lost energy.
On the other hand, idleness can be a state of laziness when one is doing nothing meaningful.

Leisure is a healthy habit in work but idleness is laziness and unproductive habit.

b)

Ways one can use leisure time profitably

1. Hobbies: Playing cards, gardening, watching movies, etc.
2. Learning of new skills: Playing musical instrument, riding bicycle etc.
3. Engaging in sports and games: Football, Ludo, swimming etc.
4. Excursion: To waterfalls, Airports, game reserves, zoos and beaches
5. Visit to hospitals to see relatives and friends
6. Calling on family members: Grandparents, aunties etc. to spend time with them
7. Engaging in entertainment activities: Drama, dance, singing, listening to inspirational songs and concerts
8. Taking part in religious activities: Crusade, retreats, Bible study and prayer sessions
9. Using the period to seek counselling on important issues
10. Organizing some competitions

a)

Moral responsibilities of parents

1. Teaching the children the scriptures of the religion they belong to
2. Providing shelter for the family
3. Teaching the children to learn to say "please", "sorry". "excuse me", "thank you", etc.
4. Parents must be law-abiding and set good examples for their children to emulate
5. Parents must be honest, truthful, loyal, etc.
6. Parents must maintain peace and order wherever they are
7. Parents must correct children whenever they go wrong

b)

Duties a pupil is expected to perform in school

1. Doing class exercises
2. Partaking in clean-up exercises
3. Protecting school properties
4. Obeying all school rules and regulations
5. Participating in sports, games and quizzes
6. Obedient to school authorities
7. Dressing modestly and decently
8. Assisting/helping friends whenever they need help
9. Paying attention during lessons
10. Greeting and respecting teachers and school mates