a)

Creation story according to the Qur'an

1. The Qur'an states that Allah created the world and everything in it in six days
2. Creation was by divine command, God said "be and it was"
3. Allah created the moon and the sun to give light during the day and night
4. Allah created heaven and earth so that man can know His power and majesty
5. According to the Qur'an, humankind was created in stages/step by step/gradually/systematically
6. Humankind was created from the mixture of male and female seminal fluid/secretions (Q53:45-46). Adam was the first man to be created, followed by Hawa
7. After fertilization, the resulting organism settles in the mother's uterus like a seed (Q53:45-46)
8. Humankind's creation through reproduction began with the delivery of Hawa (Eve), the wife of Adam of their first set of twins
9. Thus humankind was created in stages
The formation stages are 'nutfa' (sperm) → 'alaqa' (clot) → 'mudagha' (flesh) → 'adaam' (bones) → dressing with muscles
10. Adulthood and old age stage - child, adult, old person
11. Humankind was created in the best of form
12. The creation of humankind shows how powerful Allah is
13. In this way there will always be humankind on earth till the end of time
14. Allah created out of nothing
15. Allah created the universe through His wisdom and goodness

b)

Ways in which humankind is useful to God

1. Humankind is God's vicegerent/representative on earth
2. Humankind obeys/carries out God's commandments on earth
3. Humankind takes care of and ensures the proper upkeep of God's creation (e.g. environment, animals, etc.)
4. They serve/worship God
5. They ensure the continuity of human creation by marrying and having children
6. Humankind also ensures that God's creation such as fruits, herbs, plants, etc. do not become useless by using them for food, medicine, etc.
7. Humankind also has the ability to invent/come out with new technology such as computers, aeroplanes, etc.
8. Humankind has dominion over all that God created
9. Humankind shares in God's creative activity
10. It was for the sake of humankind that the entire universe was created
11. Man is to display the attributes of God and be at peace with all creation

a)

Types of Christian prayers

1. Prayer of thanksgiving – It is said to thank or show appreciation for what God has done.
2. Prayer of intercession – This is prayer said for the benefit of other. Eg, the sick, the nation or against accident.
3. Prayer of supplication/request/petition – prayer is said to make a request of God. Eg, for job, marriage, etc. It is said to ask God for his intervention on an issue or problem
4. Prayer of confession – this is to confess one’s sins upon violation of God’s laws and ask for forgiveness.
5. Dedication / Consecration – It is said to submit and dedicate one’s life to God and to be holy before God. Purifying or dedicating building / church, etc
6. Worship and praise – this is said in giving adoration to God.
7. Prayer of exaltation – this is a prayer said to adore / glorify God.
8. Prayer of committal – this is a prayer said to commit one’s self or anything fully to God

b)

Reasons why Christians pray

1. To express thanks / gratitude to God for his providence, mercy, etc
2. To express regret and ask for forgiveness.
3. To seek assistance for others in trouble.
4. To renew and maintain relationship with God
5. To express commitment and dependence on God.
6. To keep one holy and upright unto God
7. To show good moral ethics and behaviour on daily basis
8. To acknowledge that God is always present to support us.
9. In order to speak to God and have fellowship with him.
10. To obtain divine favour/blessing from God
11. To request for help / assistance from God
12. To adore / praise God
13. To ask God for protection

a)

Types of sacrifices in the Ghanaian traditional society

1. Human/Animal sacrifice: Animals are used/offered to the gods e.g. goat, dog, sheep, fowl, etc.
2. Preventive sacrifice: It is offered to ward off evil/misfortune
3. Votive sacrifice: It is offered in fulfilment of a promise/vow made by a worshiper while he asks a favour from the spirit forces
4. Propitiatory/appeasement sacrifice: It is offered to placate/satisfy/calm a deity
5. Thanksgiving sacrifice: It is offered in appreciation of some successes achieved/to show gratitude to an object of worship for granting a favour asked for
6. Meal and drink sacrifice: It is offered in the form of food and drink
7. Substitution sacrifice: It is offered to redeem the offerer who may be under the anger of ancestors/evil spirit
8. Tangible sacrifice: Sacrifice that can be physically seen e.g. fowl or goat
9. In-tangible sacrifice: Sacrifice that cannot be seen such as service but offered
10. Integrative sacrifice: This is meant to establish blood covenant such as circumcision
11. Blood sacrifice: The sacrifice that takes the form of blood offering of either animal or human being
12. Communal sacrifice: Done by a whole community
13. Individual sacrifice: Performed by an individual to his deity
14. Foundation sacrifice
15. Purification sacrifice

b)

Advantages of sacrifices to the worshipper

1. It helps to avert ill fortune caused by evil spirit such as witchcraft
2. It brings peace between the worshippers and his/her deity
3. It prevents people in society from doing evil. The more evil you do, the more the sacrifice
4. It helps the worshipper to express the importance attached to life
5. It helps the worshipper to purify himself/herself before the sacrifice is performed
6. Sacrifice expresses penance. It expresses the desire on the part of the offerer to suffer a wrong done in order to obtain forgiveness
7. It helps the worshipper to come closer to his/her deity
8. Through sacrifice, the worshipper expresses his/her sincere appreciation and thanksgiving to his/her deity such as during festivals
9. Sacrifice also serves as a means of showing one's commitment to his/her deity
10. It helps prevent evil
11. For long life, prosperity, bumper harvest, etc.
12. It creates in people a sense of confidence, protection and security
13. It creates an atmosphere of togetherness/solidarity among members of the community

a)

Decency is an acceptable and commendable behaviour in a given society.

OR

Decency is a behaviour or an attitude that conforms to the commonly acceptable standards of what is right and acceptable in society.

Behaviours considered as decent

1. Having healthy interaction with members of the opposite sex
2. Controlling one's temper when provoked by others
3. Comporting oneself at all times
4. Dressing decently and appropriately
5. Adopting proper eating habits at home and in public
6. Showing appreciation to others when one receives a kind gesture from them
7. Engaging in effective communication with others
8. Showing respect and obedience in society
9. Using handkerchief or hand to cover the mouth when one sneezes, coughs or yawns
10. Not turning one’s back to people when talking or being talked to
11. Avoiding the use of the left hand when communicating
12. Avoiding cheating e.g. Examination malpractice
13. Showing kindness, love and care for others
14. Showing regret for wrong doing and apologizing
15. Greeting elderly people correctly and politely
16. Using "please" and "thank you" in making request and when request is met
17. Behaving well during sporting activities
18. Not urinating and easing oneself at unauthorized places
19. Not throwing rubbish at unauthorized places
20. Participating in communal labour
21. Not insulting members of one's community

b)

Reasons for leading decent life in the community

1. It serves as the basis for gaining self-respect
2. It makes individuals gain respect and love from others
3. It makes one earn trust and confidence of others
4. It gets individuals closer to God/It attracts blessings from God
5. It shows that people are well trained and brought up
6. The community expects members to be decent all the time
7. It promotes togetherness and peace in society
8. It creates a conducive and good atmosphere
9. It makes one to make friends easily
10. It erodes enmity and grudge
11. Decent behaviour brings peace among people at a sport festival
12. It enables one to associate with each and everyone
13. Decent behaviour ensures discipline

a)

Good eating habits

1. While waiting for the food to be served, keep hands down and be patient
2. Having been served, pray over the food before eating
3. Wash hands with soap and water before eating
4. Do not talk when there is food in your mouth
5. Eat in a very quiet and gentle manner
6. Do not make unnecessary noise in the mouth/throat while eating or drinking
7. Fingers must not be licked during and after eating
8. Use cutlery except for food which requires eating with the hands
9. Close cutlery after eating
10. Sit upright when eating
11. Do not stretch across the table to take something
12. Do not blow air unto the food when the food is hot
13. Do not make noise with the cutlery
14. Avoid over eating and under eating
15. Eat on time and avoid eating late at night

b)

Dangers of over-eating

1. Indigestion/constipation
2. Stomach disorders/obesity/heartburn/vomiting/diabetes
3. One develops big stomach
4. Sleepless night
5. Forgetfulness
6. Economic hardship
7. Laziness
8. Bed wetting
9. It leads to strange/horrible dreams
10. It makes one inactive/drowsy
11. It can lead to stigmatization
12. It leads to sin

a)

Immoral behaviour refers to acts/behaviours which do not conform to the norms of any given society.

Causes of immoral behaviour among the youth

1.Broken homes: A child from broken home joins bad group since he/she is not under any parental control
2. Influence from peer or friends: Peers may persuade their friends to undertake immoral acts like drug abuse
3. Exposure to pornographic materials
4. Curiosity and adventure: Some youth would like to know the effects of immoral behaviours
5. Misinformation through commercial advertisements on substance and materials like alcoholic drinks
6. Poor parental control: Parents failing to provide proper care and good morals for their children
7. Lack of proper education on the consequences of immoral behaviour to the youth
8. Poverty: Poverty may cause the youth to engage in some immoral acts like prostitution to earn a living
9. Lack of self control/self discipline
10. Slow dispensation of the law
11. To show off/for identification: Some youth engage in immoral behaviour to prove that they are tough and belong to a particular group of people
12. Substance abuse: The use of hard drugs and alcohol influence people to misconduct themselves

b)

Effects of indulging in immoral behaviour

1. School drop-out/poor academic performance: The youth who engage in immoral behaviour later drop out from school since the behaviour does not conform to the norms of the school
2. Health problems: Immoral behaviour like drug abuse can pose health problems like liver disorders and even madness, barrenness, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), death
3. Loss of respect: People of immoral behaviour lose respect in society
4. Unemployment: People who engage in immoral behaviour can lose their jobs or will not even gain employment
5. Immoral behaviour such as stealing can result in mob attacks/killing
6. Immoral behaviour brings dishonour
7. Immoral behaviour makes people socially unacceptable
8. Teenage pregnancy/premature father or mother
9. It brings about a strained relationship with God

a)

Responsibilities of a child to the parents

1. A child must obey and submit to the parents
2. A child must respect parents
3. A child must not steal or tell lies to parents
4. A child must run errands for the parents
5. A child should sweep the house and throw rubbish away
6. A child should fetch water for parents to bath and cook
7. A child should wash dishes after cooking and eating
8. A child should assist parents in their trade after school
9. A child should assist parents on the farm/in the house
10. A child should take care of his/her younger siblings
11. A child should comply with the religious tradition of the home

b)

Reasons why people avoid responsibilities

1. Laziness
2. Pride
3. Ignorance
4. Selfishness
5. Fear of failure
6. Incompetence
7. Lack of commitment
8. Tiredness/difficulty
9. No direct benefits
10. Fear of criticism/confidence
11. People's influence

a)

Idleness refers to the act of being in the state of mental inactivity.

Effects of idleness

1. It causes laziness
2. It leads to mental stress
3. It results into the conception of negative thought
4. It breeds boredom
5. It retards progression
6. It leads to the act of envying others
7. It results in poverty and hunger
8. Time is wasted as a result of idleness
9. It leads to dependence on others
10. It leads to cheating, defrauding, bribery and corruption

b)

Advantages of enjoying holidays and vacations

1. For relaxation/rest
2. It leads to exposure
3. It promotes friendship
4. Holidays/vacation periods for recreational activities
5. They are periods of strengthening families
6. They give us the opportunity to learn from other tourists
7. They give students the opportunity to take stock of their academic achievements
8. They give students the opportunity to assist their parents
9. They give students the opportunity to plan future academic work
10. To spend time with families
11. To regain lost energy after a long period of hard work