a)

How God created lights according to the Bible

1. God created light on the first day
2. Before creation, the world was formless, void/empty and darkness was upon the face of the earth
3. God's spirit was moving over the face of the waters
4. God said let there be light and there was light
5. God separated the light from darkness
6. This created day and night
7. The light he called day and darkness night
8. On the fourth day God created the sun, moon and the stars
9. The sun was to rule the day while the moon and stars the night
10. The luminaries were to determine the times, seasons, sign
11. God saw the light he created to be good

b)

Responsibilities of man towards God's creation

1. Reproduction/procreation to ensure human existence
2. Engaging in farming activities to produce the needs of humankind
3. Rearing of animals to supply the other needs of human survival
4. Conservation of plants and animal species/wildlife and afforestation
5. Preservation of water bodies by ensuring they are not polluted/Environmental cleanliness

a)

Moral teachings of Prophet Muhammed (SAW)

1. Patience: Muslims must be tolerant with annoying behaviors from other people without getting angry
2. Courageous: A Muslim who is God fearing must have the ability to endure hardships and pain in life
3. Humility: A Muslim must be humble and not proud, arrogant and boastful
4. Steadfastness: Muslims must always rely on Allah and have belief and trust that Allah will always come to their aid in time of difficulty
5. Cleanliness: Muslims must keep themselves clean always especially when they pray by performing ablution
6. Forbidding evil and enjoying good life: Muslims are to avoid sinful and bad deeds. E.g. stealing, lying, quarrelling, fighting, etc.
7. Justice: Acting righteously and bearing witness in fairness and equity
8. Merciful: This is kind and considerate treatment shown to others
9. Avoidance of adultery and fornication: Prophet Muhammed said, "Be warned against adultery for it entails four evils. It takes away dignity, straits one's means of livelihood, provokes the Gracious one and entail dwelling in hell
10. Control of anger: That we should suppress anger and be in position to behave well and be friendly
11. Benevolent towards parents: That we should be charitable to our parents and our children will be charitable to us
12. Withdrawal from bribery and corruption: He said anyone who gives bribe and who receives are both headed for fire. Allah has condemned the giver, receiver and the facilitator
13. Truthfulness: He said Muslims must avoid telling lies for Allah to be pleased with them
14. Sincerity and fear for Allah: Muslims should always have the fear of Allah in their minds and hearts as he is able to see everyone's heart/loyalty
15. Love: He said as true believers we must love one another as ourselves
16. Faith: Muslims are to have faith in Allah and his angles and messengers
17. Kindness: He said Muslims must be kind to people and the needy
18. Trustworthiness: That all Muslims must be responsible and reliable in their dealing with others so that they can be trusted

b)

Ways to apply the moral teachings of Prophet Muhammed

1. We should always have patience and tolerate each other
2. In difficulties such as poverty, war, affliction, etc., we must have courage to withstand and trust Allah for help
3. Muslims must develop the habit of keeping their bodies and surrounding clean all the time
4. Muslims must be humble always and not proud, arrogant or boastful
5. Muslims must always rely on Allah and be patient with Him and trust that he will come to our aid in times of trouble
6. Muslims should treat all people fairly
7. Muslims must be truthful to each other and avoid telling lies
8. Muslims should be kind to one another especially the needy
9. Muslims should love one another
10. Muslims should avoid giving and receiving bribe
11. Muslims should be able to control their emotions when provoked
12. Muslims must practice the five pillars of Islam especially the first
13. Muslims should forgive one another
14. Muslims should obey and respect their parents
15. Muslims should avoid indulging in adultery and fornication

a)

Factors that can be considered when choosing a name for a child

1. The week day on which the child was born
2. The family name to be given to the child
3. The occasion/period/circumstance within which the child was born e.g. sacred days etc.
4. If they are twin or triplets etc.
5. Sex of the child, whether male or female
6. Order of birth e.g. Mansah, Mensah, Nkrumah, Foli, Dzako, Anani, Anum, etc.
7. Religious affiliation/faith
8. Tribal/ethnic affiliation
9. Ancestral name depending on good moral character
10. Names given to express love, appreciation to fulfilment of a vow
11. Name to be adopted e.g. names of chiefs/renowned persons
12. Special by-names associated with week-day names e.g. Kwaku Bonsam, Yaw Preko, etc.

b)

Importance of naming ceremony

1. It is performed to welcome a new child formally into a family
2. It gives recognition/identity to a child as a human being
3. Blessing is sought from the Supreme Being, lesser gods and ancestors for the child and the family
4. A child is named after ancestors to enable him/her copy and imitate their virtuous qualities
5. The ceremony strengthens the rich culture of the people
6. To perpetuate the family name/keep the family name from extinction
7. To promote social integration by bringing family members and friends together
8. The occasion provides opportunity to give financial support to the child's parents
9. It reaffirms the important value in the community
10. It introduces the child to the good moral values such as truthfulness and hard work
11. It promotes unity and solidarity in the community
12. It gives legitimacy to the child

a)

Forms of greeting

1. Handshake
2. Hugging
3. Waving of hand
4. Exchange of words
5. Bowing/kneeling down
6. Prostrating/by lying face downwards
7. Squatting
8. Saluting

b)

Factors that should be considered when greeting someone

1. The age of the person - whether the person is an adult or peer
2. Sex - whether the person is a male or female
3. Time of the day - morning, afternoon, evening, night
4. Venue/the place e.g. farm, school, market, church, mosque, shrine, home
5. Whether the person is an authority figure e.g. Chief, Rev. Minister, DCE, MP, Head of State, etc.
6. Which of the hands/parts of the body to use in greeting. E.g. peers, elderly person, chiefs, relatives, etc.
7. Whether one has ever come into contact with the person before
8. Situation/mood in which the person is e.g. bereaved, worship, marriage, outdooring, birthday, just given birth, etc.
9. Nature of the relationship - formal or informal
10. Religion of the person

c)

Moral benefits to be derived from correct greetings

1. To meet cultural expectations
2. To shows that the person is respectful, disciplined and humble
3. It is a sign of good training, upbringing and being cultured
4. It brings peace and unity among people
5. It promotes friendship and good relationship between people living in a community
6. It attracts the good will of the whole community
7. It paves the way for help from people
8. It attracts blessings from God and elders
9. Correct greetings remove fear and suspicion between people
10. It is a social responsibility and expected cultural practice
11. It helps to start conversation
12. It is a means to show respect to others
13. It creates tolerance
14. It gradually erodes hatred and enmity between people
15. It creates opportunity to socialize

a)

Benefits Muslims can derive from their commitment to Allah

1. To brings one closer to Allah
2. It ensures peace and joy in one's life/fulfilment of desire
3. It promotes friendship, fellowship and socialization as believers meet
4. It enhances discipline as believers honour the laws of Allah
5. It brings about time consciousness as believers observe the five compulsory prayers
6. It helps to lead upright and morally sound life
7. It ensures security and protection from Allah
8. It promotes good health and long life
9. It assures a believer of eternal life/salvation
10. It helps to reach out to the poor/needy
11. It draws in God's compassion, love and forgiveness
12. It makes one a responsible believer
13. It draws blessings from God

b)

Ways of demonstrating commitment in life

1. Performing duties at school, home, family and workplaces
2. Developing and applying personal ethics and principles of life (honesty, reliability, hard work, cooperation, etc.)
3. Reporting criminals and social deviants and their activities to the police
4. Promoting environmental cleanliness and personal hygiene
5. Promoting national unity by living peacefully with others
6. Being law abiding and support the government policies
7. Protecting public and private properties
8. Resisting the pressure from peers to indulge in immoral acts

a)

Causes of substance abuse by students

1. Ignorance
2. Peer influence/peer pressure
3. Curiosity and adventure
4. Broken homes
5. Influence of foreign culture
6. Economic stress/poverty
7. Emotional stress e.g. anger, shyness and low self-esteem
8. Advertisement in the print and electronic media
9. The belief that substances can reduce boredom
10. Easy access and availability of substances
11. Film shows in which users of substances are portrayed as heroes
12. Exposure to irresponsible adults and parents who are drug addicts/bad parental control
13. The thinking that substances can lead to high academic achievements
14. Lack of self-control/self-discipline
15. To engage in immoral life styles such as prostitution and armed robbery
16. Inadequate recreational facilities and activities

b)

Ways of preventing substance abuse

1. Good parenting
2. Provision of basic needs of children
3. Education on the effects of substance abuse through anti-drug campaigns
4. Enforcement of anti-drug laws
5. Reporting drug peddlers to the Police
6. Parents and leaders must set good examples by abstaining from use of hard drugs/saying no to drugs/being assertive
7. Ante-natal clinics must advice pregnant women about dangers of using unprescribed drugs during pregnancy
8. Workshops, seminars and lectures must be organized very often to inform the youth about dangers of drugs/need to have self-control
9. Rehabilitation of victims of substance abuse
10. Avoiding drug users

a)

School rules

1. All students must obey school authorities such as headmasters, teachers, prefects, seniors, etc.
2. All students must take part in all school activities
3. No one should steal properties such as books, pencils and pens of the school and fellow students
4. No one should insult or fight others
5. All students must be punctual and regular at school
6. All students must not break school bounds i.e. leaving school without permission
7. No one should litter the school compound
8. Students must pay attention in class when the teacher is teaching
9. No one should bully anybody especially younger ones
10. No one should disturb when there is no teacher in class
11. No one should destroy school property
12. No one should eat in class
13. Students must wear the prescribed uniform
14. Students should not cheat in exams
15. Students should clean their compound

b)

Reasons for which hard work must be encouraged among people

1. Hard work helps the individual to increase his/her earnings
2. It lessens the dependency on others
3. It helps to keep the body healthy and active
4. It promotes good future life
5. It opens the avenues for self-development/self-reliance
6. It helps the individual to develop and use their talent to the full
7. It makes the individual to produce enough goods and services to satisfy his needs
8. It attracts blessings from God and humankind
9. It promotes commitment to God/it draws one towards God
10. It is in obedience to God's command
11. It makes a person to be respected
12. It reduces social vices

a)

Reasons for which cheating should not be encouraged

1. It leads to diversion of public funds and retards government efforts for development
2. It leads to execution of shoddy/poor standards of work
3. It leads to inefficiency and low productivity
4. It also leads to overstaffing
5. It leads to employment of unqualified people leaving qualified people unemployed
6. It tarnishes the image of the country before the international community
7. It affects revenue generation for the government
8. It creates unfavourable business environment
9. It undermines the rule of law
10. It increases cost of doing business
11. It creates conflict and misunderstanding among individuals
12. It widens the gap between the rich and the poor
13. It increases crime
14. It is a sin against God

b)

Functions which Religious Youth Organizations perform in the community

1. They bring the youth together to organize their social programs to socialize
2. They teach moral values such as love, honesty, patriotism, etc.
3. They teach the traditions of their religions so that they can defend their faith all times
4. They incorporate the youth into the church
5. They re-direct the energy of the youth into useful work
6. They teach the youth to acquire leadership skills
7. They provide the forum for discussing youth problems
8. They train the youth to spread the gospel
9. They organize clean-up exercise to clear up filth in the community