(a)

Factors to consider when dressing for an occasion

1. The type of occasion or function one is attending - eg. Wedding, funeral, church, party, etc.
2. The type of audience or personality one is meeting
3. Time of the day
4. The culture/religious affiliation of the people one is meeting
5. One's age
6. One's social status
7. One's gender
8. The season and weather condition
9. The venue for the occasion
10. Dress code

(b)

Factors contributing to the inappropriate ways of dressing by the youth

1. Peer pressure

Youth often dress to fit in with their peers, which can lead to imitating styles that may be considered indecent

2. Disregard for cultural norms

Ignorance or disregard for cultural norms regarding modesty and decency can lead to inappropriate choices

3. Social media influence/Influence of foreign culture

The pressure to showcase oneself on social media platforms with trendy or revealing outfits can influence the youth to dress indecently.

4. Lack of role models

Limited exposure to positive role models who promote modesty and appropriate dressing can contribute to indecent choices

5. Desire for attention

Some youth may dress provocatively to attract attention and acceptance from others

6. Misconception of fashion

A misunderstanding of fashion and style can lead to inappropriate choices in dress

7. Lack of guidance

Insufficient guidance from parents or guardians on appropriate dressing standards can contribute to indecent dressing

8. Climatic changes

Due to climate change, the youth opt for lighter more revealing clothing to cope with the heat which sometimes crosses cultural or social norms regarding modesty

(c)

Behaviours that are considered courteous in the society

1. Politeness
2. Active listening
3. Showing respect/Respecting one's privacy
4. Being punctual
5. Offering help
6. Apologizing when necessary
7. Respecting different opinions
8. Showing gratitude
9. Being patient
10. Meekness/Humility
11. Following social etiquette/Decent dressing
12. Being honest
13. Obedience/Running errands

(a)

Emotional changes adolescents go through that may affect their relationship with parents

1. Mood swings

Changes in emotions are characterized by rapid shifts between happiness and sadness, anger and excitement, etc.

2. Fear and worry

Emotions may be experienced more intensely during adolescence, leading to heightened feelings of fear, anxiety and worry.

3. Peer pressure

Adolescents become more influenced by peer relationships, seeking acceptance and validation from peers which can impact their emotional well-being.

4. Self-reflection and consciousness

Adolescents may become self-aware and self-conscious, evaluating their own thoughts and behaviours and appearance in relation to others.

5. Stress and pressure

Increasing academic demands, peer relationships and future uncertainties can contribute to stress and feeling of pressure.

6. Romantic and sexual developments/Interest or attraction to the opposite sex

Adolescents experience changes in romantic and sexual interests which can lead to new emotional changes.

7. Identity formation crises

Adolescents undergo a search for identity, exploring different roles, values and beliefs to establish a sense of self.

8. Desire to be independent

Adolescents think they are matured and should be allowed some freedom to be on their own.

9. Curiosity and adventure

Adolescents develop the desire to explore more about their environment.

10. Crave for love and care

They crave for love and affection in order to feel belonged.

11. Shyness and rebellion

Adolescents as a result of their physical development feel uneasy in the presence of their parents/others and are quick to rebel at the least provocation.

(b)

Cultural significance of puberty rites in traditional Ghanaian societies

1. Puberty rites mark the transition from childhood to adulthood, signifying readiness for adult responsibilities, roles and expectations within the society.

2. Participation in puberty rites reinforces cultural identity and belonging by passing down traditions and customs from one generation to the next.

3. Puberty rites often involve rituals and ceremonies that integrate adolescents into the social fabric of their community

4. During puberty rites, individuals are connected to their cultural beliefs, deities, ancestors, etc.

5. Through puberty rites, adolescents receive education, guidance about adult roles and the importance of being chaste.

6. Puberty rites include rituals aimed at promoting physical and emotional well-being, such as purification rites or teachings on personal hygiene.

7. Participation in puberty rites fosters solidarity and cohesion within the community by bringing together family members, neighbours to support the adolescents' transition.

8. It brings honour and respect to the initiate and the family.

9. The initiates are trained to cultivate courage, obedience, endurance and respect for elders.

(a)

Ways of fulfilling the commandment

1. Resting/relaxation

Taking a break from work, school or daily routines to rest and rejuvenate physically and mentally.

2. Attending religious services

Participating in worship services, prayers or religious gatherings.

3. Reading scripture

Devoting time to reading and studying religious scripture or text associated with one's faith.

4. Family time

Spending quality time with family members, engaging in healthy conversations and strengthening family bonds.

5. Engaging in community activities

Participating in community activities such as volunteering, charity works, communal labour, etc.

6. Enjoying nature

Spending time outdoors in nature, appreciating the beauty of creation. Examples including going on excursions, recreation, etc.

7. Visiting the sick or elderly

Taking time to visit hospitals, nursing homes or homes of the elderly to offer companionship and support.

8. Environmental stewardship

Undertaking activities that promote environmental conservation, etc.

9. Personal renewal

Engaging in activities that promote personal growth and self-improvement such as learning new hobbies, etc.

(b)

Benefits derived from observing the commandment

1. Taking a break from work and daily routines allows for physical rest, reducing stress levels and promoting overall health.

2. Engaging in worship, prayer and spiritual practices foster spiritual growth/strengthens relationship with God, deepens one's faith and enhances inner peace.

3. Spending quality time with family members strengthens relationships, promotes communication and creates lasting memories.

4. Participating in religious services and community activities foster a sense of belonging, unity and support within the community.

5. Taking time for rest and relaxation can stimulate creativity, allowing for new ideas and inspiration.

6. Observing the Sabbath day encourages a healthy balance between work, school, personal life and promoting overall life satisfaction.

7. Engaging in meaningful activities during the Sabbath day can clarify personal values and goals leading to deeper sense of purpose in life.

8. Sabbath observance often includes acts of charity, kindness and hospitality towards others, fostering a spirit of generosity and compassion.

9. It attracts blessings from God.

10. It attracts God's protection.

(a)

Ways through which individuals obtain authority within a community

1. Old age
2. Hereditary/tradition/succession
3. Election
4. Appointment/constitution
5. Religious experience/revelation
6. Prophesies
7. Volunteering/Community service
8. Being a parent
9. Achievements/Education/Wealth/Resources

(b)

Ways by which leaders can use authority in the best interest of society

1. Promoting justice and equity

Leaders can ensure fair and equitable treatment of all members of society, regardless of backgrounds by implementing policies that promote justice and equality.

2. Fostering economic development

Leaders can use their authority to implement economic policies that promote growth, create job opportunities and reduce poverty and inequality.

3. Protecting human rights

Leaders can uphold and protect fundamental human rights by enacting laws that safeguard civil liberties, etc.

4. Investing in education and healthcare

Leaders can prioritize investments in education and healthcare systems to ensure access to quality education, healthcare services, etc.

5. Building infrastructure

Leaders can use their authority to develop and maintain critical infrastructure to support economic growth and improve quality of life.

6. Encouraging civic engagements

Leaders can foster a culture of civic engagement by promoting transparency, accountability and encouraging participation in decision making processes.

7. Supporting cultural diversity

Leaders can celebrate and support cultural diversity in society by promoting tolerance and preserving cultural heritage.

8. Promoting healthy lifestyles

Leaders can encourage healthy behaviours and lifestyles through public health campaign initiatives to combat substance abuse, etc.

9. Protection of lives and properties

People in authority should ensure that laws are made to protect lives and properties.

(a)

Advantages enjoyed in a nuclear family

1. Nuclear families often have strong bonds and close relationships between family members.

2. They have clearer roles and responsibilities which can lead to efficient decision making and task allocation.

3. They enjoy greater privacy and autonomy.

4. In many cases nuclear families benefit from increased financial stability because resources are focused on smaller family size.

5. Parents in nuclear families invest more time and resources in their children's education enhancing overall development.

6. They experience fewer conflicts leading to a more harmonious living environment.

7. Members often provide love and care/strong emotional support systems where family members can rely on each other during times of difficulty.

8. Children in nuclear families have more opportunities for personal growth and self-discovery.

9. Children receive focused attention and support from their parents/Provision of the needs of children
10. Sharing of inheritance is less problematic.

(b)

Responsibilities of a father to his family

1. Providing financial support/basic needs
2. Ensuring emotional support/showing love and compassion
3. Being a role model
4. Ensuring discipline in the home
5. Supporting spouse
6. Ensuring safety and security
7. Encouraging education and development
8. Promoting health and well-being
9. Ensuring cultural and spiritual guidance
10. Spending quality time and bonding with family

(c)

Ways by which members of a family can promote good relationship among themselves

1. Effective communication
2. Respect and empathy/sympathy
3. Spending quality time together
4. Resolving conflicts
5. Establishing roles and responsibilities
6. Forgiving and letting go
7. Respecting individual differences/Tolerance
8. Celebrating each other