a)

Kissi is at the North-East of Tamo

b)

Distance in kilometres along the class one road from Aplu to the bridge across River Lawi

Distance on map = 5 cm

Scale = 1 cm : 2 km

If 1 cm = 2 km
5 cm = $\frac{\mathrm{5\; cm\; x\; 2\; km}}{\mathrm{1\; cm}}$ = 10 km

∴ Actual distance between Aplu and River Lawi is 10 km

c)

River Lawi flows from North-East to South-West

d)

The feature marked X at the mouth of River Lawi is a estuary

e)

Railway and road are the two lines of communication of the area

f)

Products that are likely to be exported through the Tamo port

1. Timber
2. Gold
3. Sugar cane

a)

Types of rainfall experienced in Ghana

1. Convectional
2. Relief/Orographic
3. Cyclonic/frontal

b)

Convectional Rainfall

1. The heating of the land surface causes evaporation of warm moist
2. The warm moist air becomes light and it is forced to rise by convection currents
3. The moist air becomes cooler in the upper atmosphere
4. The moist air condenses and forms cumulus rain clouds
5. With further cooling, cumulus clouds develop into cumulonimbus clouds
6. Heavy rain often accompanied by thunder and lightning falls
7. Hailstones may fall
8. Convectional rainfall occurs mostly in the afternoon

Relief/Orographic Rainfall

1. Warm moist air from the sea, lake or any water body blows against a highland barrier
2. The air formed is rise above the highland
3. The air becomes cooler in the upper atmosphere
4. The air is condensed to form cumulus clouds
5. With further cooling the cumulus clouds develop into cumulonimbus clouds
6. Much rain falls on the windward side of the highland
7. Very little rain falls on the leeward side of the highland

Cyclonic/frontal Rainfall

1. Cold air mass and warm air meets at a front
2. The cold air mass sinks because it is denser/heavier
3. The warm air mass rises over the cold air mass
4. The warm air mass rises into the upper atmosphere
5. It condenses to form cumulus clouds
6. Further cooling of the clouds causes the formation of cumulonimbus clouds
7. Rain falls ahead of the cold front
8. It falls in showers
9. It covers a wide area

a)

Qualities that made Osei Tutu a good ruler of the Asantes

1. Experience: He had understudied the chiefs and rulers of Akwamu and Denkyira and was experienced in ruling
2. Unity: Together with Okomfo Anokye, he united all the people of Asante
3. Intelligence and courage: He ruled with intelligence and courage and he was a skillful warrior
4. Selflessness: He had the virtue of selflessness
5. Honesty: He was honest

b)

Things Osei Tutu did to keep the Asantes united

1. The introduction of the Odwira festival kept the Asante united as one people
2. Delegation of powers: Osei Tutu delegated positions such as the left wing (Benkum-hene), rear guard (Kyidom-hene) and right guard (Nifa-hene) to chiefs outside the Oyoko clan
3. New capital: He made Kumasi as the new capital for the Asante Kingdom
4. Setting up strong army: He set up national army to deter enemies of the kingdom
5. The Golden Stool: With the help of Okomfo Anokye, he gave his people a golden stool which served as a symbol of unity

a)

Sources from which fish are caught in Ghana

1. Lagoons
2. Rivers
3. Lakes
4. Sea
5. Ponds
6. Streams

b)

Ways of catching fish

1. Nets: Nets are cast into the water and any fish that swims around may be trapped. After a while, the nets are pulled out and emptied
2. Fish traps: Baits are placed in traps and put into rivers to attract fishes. Any fish that get into the trap to get the bait cannot get out
3. Hooks and lines: A bait is put at the tip of a hook and with the help of a line, it is thrown into water (river, lake, dam, sea, etc.). Any fish that attempts to feed on the bait get hooked
4. Baskets: A basket is lowered into the water body. It is either left to stay for fish to swim in or moved by hand to catch fish. It is quickly pulled up and emptied

c)

a)

Major activity which brought foreigners into West Africa

1. Trade: They came to West Africa to trade with the people (citizens)
2. Explore and learn: Foreigners were interested in exploring and learning more about West Africa
3. Spread the gospel: The foreigners also came to preach the gospel of Christ

b)

Good effects that the coming of the foreigners had on West Africa

1. They introduced formal education to West Africa and built schools
2. They helped to reshape culture/traditional beliefs and customs such as human sacrifice
3. They improved the health delivery system with the introduction of orthodox medicines and constructions of health centres
4. They introduced local farmers to commercial farming and brought into West Africa new exotic plants or crops such as tea, coffee, some vegetables, etc.
5. They upgraded transport and communication systems with the construction of roads, bridges, railways, ports, etc.
6. Christianity was introduced into West Africa by the Europeans
7. They influenced the expansion of kingdoms and empires because of the use of guns, horses, gun powder, etc.
8. The introduction of the formal legal system, which helped to maintain law and order
9. The introduction of new and improved physical structures, which were much more stronger and beautiful
10. The forts and castles they left now serve as tourist sites which generates revenue for the government

Bad effects of the coming of the foreigners on West Africa

1. Introduction of guns and gun powders fueled tribal wars
2. Most citizens of West Africa were forced into slavery, which greatly affected the human resource base and the economy of most West African states
3. It led to the collapse of the empire system. Examples of such empires include the Asante, Oyo, Dahomey and Sokoto Empires
4. The mineral wealth and other natural resources of the sub-region were exploited
5. Most countries such as Gold Coast (Ghana) and Cote d'Ivoire lost their independence to colonial masters
6. Over-dependence on the colonial masters
7. Changes in our cultural system

a)

Achievements of the Aborigines Rights Protection Society (A.R.P.S)

1. It helped to abolish the Lands Bill
2. They fought against the house tax (property tax)
3. The society provided the people a platform on which to demand changes in the way British ruled
4. It pressed forward for new laws to be made and ensured that the European land users paid compensations to the land owners
5. It stood and protected the rights of the local people
6. Its influence on the government made it not to rule the people badly
7. It also continued to fight and gained independence for the people from colonial rule

b)

Reasons why the Aborigines Rights Protection Society collapsed

1. Disturbance within the A.R.P.S due to leadership struggle
2. Members lacked ideas for the implementation of policies of A.R.P.S. This made a lot of members to loose interest
3. When the National Congress of British West Africa was formed, many members of A.R.P.S left to join the congress
4. The A.R.P.S involved only elites and rich men whose activities excluded the masses and the youth. This made the society unpopular
5. The death of their eminent lawyer, John Mensah Sarbah was a big blow to the A.R.P.S. Moreover their financier, Jacob Wilson Sey did not trust the other members
6. Guggisberg's constitutional reforms of 1924 (Provincial House of Chiefs) affected the ideas of the society