(i)

A lever is a simple machine which consists of a rigid bar/rod free to turn about a fixed turning point called the fulcrum/pivot.

(ii)

(i)

Mechanical advantage is the ratio of work output to the work input or ratio of load to effort.

OR

Mechanical Advantage (M.A) = $\frac{\mathrm{Load\; (L)}}{\mathrm{Effort\; (E)}}$

(ii)

Examples of second class levers

1. Wheelbarrow
2. Bottle top opener
3. Nut cracker
4. Nail clipper/cutter
5. Paper cutter
6. Stapler