(a)

(b)

Reasons for which an individual should know him/her self

1. It enables the individual to discover his/her potentials, strengths and capabilities
2. It makes the individual identify his/her weaknesses or shortcomings and correct them
3. It enables individual to make right decisions at the right time
4. It helps an individual to relate, interact and communicate well with others
5. It helps an individual to understand and accept himself/herself
6. It makes the individual build self-confidence
7. It enables the individual appreciate, assess and accept other people's perceptions, ideas and views
8. It enables an individual to accept others for who they are
9. It enables individual evaluate himself/herself and plan for the future
10. It enables individuals know the appropriate approach to adopt to achieve set goals

(a)

False identity refers to the act where an individual pretends to be who he/she is not purposely to deceive others to cover up his/her weaknesses or shortcomings for instance pretending to be rich when it is not true

OR

It is a situation where an individual conceives and displays wrong picture of himself. It can also be defined as psychological day dreaming, living in a state of fantasy.

(b)

Ways by which an individual can build self-confidence

1. Self-determination
2. Through perseverance and consistent effort
3. Have the ability to overcome failures in life
4. Having vision and sense of direction
5. Self-awareness and knowledge of capabilities
6. Ability to take risk
7. Exploitation of new opportunities
8. Confidence during failures and disappointments
9. Education to increase knowledge
10. Training to increase skills
11. Access to guidance and counselling services
12. Encouragement from other people (parents, family, community members, teachers, etc.)
13. Encouragement to think independently
14. Creating enabling environment for the individual to explore potentials
15. Role-taking by the individual
16. Goal setting for the future
17. Building positive relationships

a)

Capabilities of an individual refer to the potential/the abilities in the individual which can be developed in one's lifetime. Capabilities include the ability to reason, remember, create, learn, sing, solve problems related to people and control the environment for survival.

b

Problems associated with false identity of an individual

1. Disgrace/loss of respect
2. Leads to social vices
3. Leads to poverty
4. It makes a person unreliable
5. It can lead to loss of opportunities/help
6. Alcoholism and drug abuse
7. Low academic achievement
8. It can lead to imprisonment
9. False living leading to psychological imbalance
10. It leads to inferiority complex and lack of concentration on tasks
11. It influences choice of marriage partners

c

Actions that can be taken to discourage false identity among individuals

1. Employing guidance and counselling
2. Isolating those who fake their identity
3. Taking legal action against fake people
4. Rebuking and reprimanding people who fake their identity
5. Disregarding/showing apathy to what they say/ignore them
6. Using gossips/songs of ridicule to shame the individual
7. Educating the individual to be satisfied with whom he/she is

a)

Self is the whole being of an individual taking into consideration his or her psychological nature and abilities. It is the sum total of the individual's perception, beliefs, feelings, qualities and abilities. Self implies what makes a human being distinct from all other human beings in a society.

b)

Reasons for which an individual should know himself or herself

1. It enables the individual to discover his or her potentials, strengths and capabilities
2. It enables the individual identify his or her shortcomings and correct them
3. It enables individual to make right decisions at the right time
4. It helps an individual to relate, interact and communicate well with others
5. It helps an individual to understand and accept himself or herself
6. It makes the individual build self-confidence
7. It enables the individual appreciate, assess and accept other people's perceptions, ideas and views
8. It enables an individual to accept others for who they are
9. It enables individuals evaluate himself or herself and plan for the future
10. It enables individuals know the appropriate approach to adopt to achieve set goals

(a)

Self-confidence is having trust in one's ability. It involves having a strong belief that one can rely on his or her abilities to achieve a goal or to accomplish a task.

(b)

Ways in which self-confidence can be built by the individual

1. Acquiring training which begins at home and continues in school
2. Acquiring quality education
3. Taking advantage of enabling environment created by the state to meet one's needs and aspirations
4. Self-determination by having positive image of one's self
5. Making use of encouragement from other people (teachers, peers, parents, etc.)
6. Role-taking/taking leadership roles
7. Knowledge on one's strengths and weaknesses/self-awareness and knowledge of capabilities
8. Going through guidance and counselling
9. Making effective use of conductive home environment
10. Ability to take risks
11. Taking an identity/Emulating role models

(a)

Effects of false identity on the individual

1. Disgrace/loss of respect
2. Leads to social vices
3. Leads to poverty
4. Makes a person unreliable
5. It can lead to loss of opportunities/help
6. Alcoholism and drug abuse
7. Low academic achievement
8. It can lead to imprisonment
9. False living leading to psychological imbalance
10. It leads to inferiority complex and lack of concentration on tasks
11. It influences choice of marriage partners

(b)

Actions that can be taken to discourage false identity in an individual

1. Provision of guidance and counselling
2. Isolating/deserting the individual
3. Taking legal action against the individual
4. Applying rebukes and reprimands on the individual
5. Disregarding/showing apathy to what they say/ignoring them
6. Using gossips/songs of ridicule to shame the individual
7. Educating the individual to be satisfied with whom he/she is