PART A
LEXIS AND STRUCTURE
SECTION I
In each of the following sentences, there is a word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A to D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentence.
1.
Discord will reign wherever there is no ......
amity
harmony
contentment
consideration
2.
It is important to be courteous at all times as ...... behaviour does not speak well of a person.
repulsive
impudent
reckless
illicit
3.
Practices that conserve natural resources are preferable to those that ...... them
depress
hinder
scatter
deplete
4.
The actor shot into the limelight for some time only to sink into ......
oblivion
dejection
disfavour
decline
5.
The prominence given to the story by the newspapers made all other news items pale into ......
negligence
indifference
insignificance
disappearance
6.
No sooner had the treaty been signed than it was ......
abrogated
cancelled
dismissed
ignored
7.
In times of global conflict, the United Nations proposes ...... to them.
remedies
measures
prescription
resolutions
8.
The actor's confidence on stage contrasts with his usual ......
humility
carelessness
bashfulness
quietness
9.
The hearty welcome we received was an improvement on the earlier ...... reception.
rude
regrettable
indifferent
cold
10.
The effects of natural disasters can be temporary or ......
violent.
permanent.
sudden.
incontrollable.
SECTION II
From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences.
11.
There is still hope, however ...... that the rescue mission will be successful.
remote
light
shallow
small
12.
The different parts of the machines were ...... in the factory.
joined
ordered
set up
assembled
13.
During the recent excursion, we visited many places of ......
pleasure.
interest.
excitement.
enjoyment.
14.
Language is the ...... of human communication.
way
method
mode
medium
15.
The student's rude behaviour is a stumbling ...... to her progress.
obstacle
barrier
rock
block
16.
Poems should not be interpreted only in the ...... sense.
clear
literal
real
literary
17.
The company is noted for the high ...... of its products.
esteem
quality
design
level
18.
After all the hullabaloo, much time ...... before due action was taken.
elapsed
past
expired
lapsed
19.
We spent a ...... length of time at the camp.
satisfactory
further
memorable
considerable
20.
All the factions in the conflict are advised to sink their ...... in the interest of peace.
contentions
differences
anxieties
rivalries
SECTION III
Choose from the alternatives lettered A to D one which is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or expression in each sentence.
21.
Diplomats always initiate ways to alleviate tension.
address
suppress
relieve
control
22.
The recent floods swept away all our property, leaving us destitute.
devastated
homeless
gloomy
impoverished
23.
The measures have failed to stem the tide of factory closures.
stop
obstruct
disband
debar
24.
The eradication of the malaria parasite will bring immense relief to all.
reduction
rejection
annihilation
exclusion
25.
Fact and legend mingle in some history books.
mix
join
interact
infuse
26.
All the pundits contend that it was a momentous occasion.
historic
pleasant
festive
prominent
27.
Kwame was enraptured by Maame Yaa's beauty.
jolted
startled
awakened
thrilled
28.
The delay in approving the contract was unforeseen.
unexplained
unexpected
unfortunate
unscheduled
29.
Asante's book is a faithful rendering of the original text.
explanation
interpretation
definition
abridgement
30.
The few trees are the remnants of a thick forest that once covered this entire region.
boundaries
leftovers
remains
fragments
SECTION IV
After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of all or part of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
31.
The minister's remarks were outrageous and clearly beyond the pale. This means that the remarks were
considered unacceptable.
beyond understanding.
not focused.
delivered too hurriedly.
32.
I need money to keep body and soul together. This means that I need money to
grow.
flourish.
succeed.
survive.
33.
The jilted lover waited in the forlorn hope that his fiancé would come back to him. This means that he waited
for a long time.
in vain.
for a favourable opportunity.
with certainty.
34.
I shall be with you in a jiffy. This means that I shall be with you
at some future time.
in due course.
as and when possible.
in a moment.
35.
Because of the recession, my movie business is on the rocks. This means that my business is
not being efficiently managed.
facing keen competition.
no longer lucrative.
on the verge of collapse.
36.
Some practices do fly in the face of reason. This means that they are
no longer useful.
dying out.
unreasonable.
deceptive.
37.
We were late, so most of the work fell to our lot. This means that
we worked very hard.
most of the work became our responsibility.
we avoided most of the work.
we postponed the work.
38.
The mountain climbers were tired to the very marrow of their bones. This means they
were exercising.
slowed down.
were fainting.
were exhausted.
39.
When Amina received her examination result, she told her colleagues that the game was worth the candle. This means that
the result did not reflect the effort.
the result was very good.
the examination was difficult.
she failed totally.
40.
Some people believe that party politics is a dog-eat-dog game. This means party politics is
really dirty.
very violent.
very dangerous.
fiercely competitive.
SECTION V
In the following passage the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the list below the passage, four choices are offered in columns lettered A to D. For each numbered gap, choose from the options provided for that number, the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
The science of medicine has brought many benefits to man, the most important of which is the increase in ---41---. This highly desirable feat has resulted from the fact that certain diseases which defied all ---42--- in the past have been brought under ---43---. Sensitive clinical instruments make accurate ---44--- possible. Powerful substances of ---45--- value have been manufactured which bring relief to the sick and the suffering.
When one is sick, the best place to seek advice is a health centre where medical ---46--- try to restore the body to good health. A good number of patients are ---47--- for a period of medication and observation. When their health condition improves they are ---48--- from the hospital. Really, some people respond to ---49--- much more quickly than others. Those who are pronounced well are advised to report regularly for ---50---. This is sometimes cumbersome for those who live far away from health centres. It is the hope of all that the time will come when health care facilities will be accessible to all.
41.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
life expectancy
life cycle
life time
life style
42.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
solutions
measures
remedy
cure
43.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
care
control
authority
suppression
44.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
diagnosis
assessment
discovery
investigation
45.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
herbal
potent
medical
medicinal
46.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
dispensers
personnel
operators
attendants
47.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
restrained
kept
admitted
delayed
48.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
relieved
dismissed
discharged
released
49.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
medicine
treatment
care
prescription
50.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
investigation
research
review
examination
Answer three questions in all: one question from section A and all the questions in Sections B and C.
SECTION A
ESSAY
Answer one question only from this section.
All questions carry equal marks. Your answer should not be less than 450 words.
You are advised to spend about 50 minutes on this section.
Your elder brother who had been working for many years outside the country has written to inform you of his plans to return home and settle finally. Write a letter to him giving, at least, three reasons why he should stay back a little longer.
Write an article suitable for publication in a national newspaper on how the destruction of public property affects the nation.
Write a letter to the Minister of Youth and Sports in your country complaining about government's concentration on football to the detriment of other sports. Discuss three reasons why you think government should now focus on other sports.
As the president of your youth club, write a speech you would deliver on your anniversary on the topic: My concern for the future of the youth of our country.
Write a story to illustrate the saying: No pain, no gain.
SECTION B
COMPREHENSION
You are advised to spend about 30 minutes on this section.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it.
It all started as a joke. Kofi, who was born and bred along the coast, was posted to a small town in the forest area of his country where he met other young graduates. When they were not working, they spent much time together eating, sharing stories about past experiences and teasing one another. During one of these interactions, Kofi boasted that hs father was a great hunter and he, since childhood, had been accompanying him on his hunting expeditions. This revelation excited his colleagues who encouraged him and, in fact, pleaded with him to take up hunting in order to supply them with meat. When he said that he did not have a gun, it was suggested that he could borrow one from one of the local hunters. But he said, "No I don't hunt with ordinary guns. Wait until we are paid, then I'll go home for my special gun." But they persisted and he was compelled to give in. The die was cast. Since there was no way he could wriggle out of the tight corner he found himself in, he agreed to go with one of the local hunters.
That night, Kofi lay in bed tossing and turni. Why had he lied that he could hunt? Should he tell his colleagues the truth? What could they think of him then? Well, he had brought this upon himself and must face the music.
On the way to the forest, the hunter asked him questions about where he used to hunt and the types of animals he killed. Kofi mumbled inaudible and evasive answers. The hunter's suspicions heightened when he noticed how Kofi held his gun. When they reached a part of the forest where a path branched off the main one, the hunter told Kofi that they had to go their separate ways and meet there at dawn. On hearing this, Kofi began to sob uncontrollably and tremble like a leaf in a stom. He decided to confide in the hunter, who listened silently, nodding his head. They spent the night hunting together; the hunter killed the animals and Kofi carried them. Before they left the forest, the hunter gave him more than half of the kill.
Kofi's colleagues could not believe their eyes when they saw the quantity of meat he brought home. When they asked him to tell them the details of the night's activities, Kofi shook his head and said, "That is the hunter's secret".
a)
What two lies did Kofi tell his friends?
b)
How did Kofi feel the night before the hunt?
c)
How do you think Kofi felt after confiding in the hunter?
d)
Give an adjective to describe the hunter.
e)
That is the hunter's secret. What was the secret?
f)
... inaudible and evasive answers.
i)
What grammatical name is given to this expression as it is used in the pasage?
ii)
What is its function?
g)
... the die was cast... What is the meaning of this expression as it is used in the passage?
h)
...like a leaf in a storm. What figure of speech is used in this expression?
i)
For each of the following words, find another word or phrase which means the same and which can replace it as it is used in the passage.
i)
bred;
ii)
revelation;
iii)
compelled;
iv)
heightened;
v)
uncontrollably.
SECTION C
You are advised to spend about 40 minutes on this section.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it.
Just about everything we own and use operates on electricity. Many new inventions are hinged on electricity. Obviously, it has become an integral pat of our lives. Sadly, however, one of the defining characteristics of developing countries is the lack of or short supply of electricity. The benefits that accrue from constant supply are varied and enormous.
Electricity is a form of energy that can perform a wide range of tasks that other forms of energy are unable to do. Thus, it is a viable tool that can light up bulbs, power computers and manufacturing machinery. The consequence of this is that there is room for multitasking, which raises the level of productivity. Many industrialised nations depend heavily on electricity as the industrial and transport sectors use electricity to power facilities. It is obvious therefore that an adequate supply of electricity is necessary to industrialise a nation.
When the supply of electricity is adequate, opportunities are created for further inventions. The large population of the youths of any nation become creative and produce gadgets and appliances that further make life easier. This means that the problem of unemployment abates. Such a country may even join the ranks of those that export technological innovations. By extension, the wealth of a nation is increased and international ties are strengthened.
There is no doubt that the lifestyle of the people will improve when there is access to sufficient power supply. In the hot season, one can use the air conditioner. Doing chores and performing some other daily activities will become less stressful. Television and other forms of media that operate can electricity can be used to make life colourful. Even crime and accident rates may be reduced tremendously. Automatic traffic lights can control traffic while electronic doors will keep records of movement in and out. Images of the better living conditions that accompany adequate power supply abound in developed countries.
In the light of the above, it is disturbing that one of the major challenges of developing countries is power supply. One wonders why the governments of these countries seen not to be doing their best to tackle this major problem. Corruption in the public sector is the biggest demon. Funds allocated to infrastructural development are misappropriated. There are also those who profit from the importation of substandard electrical equipment. All these frustrate the efforts of the government to make the power sector function effectively.
Besides this, the lack of a good maintenance culture bedevils the power sector. When little faults are not fixed, they degenerate into more complex problems, which cost even more to fix. And even when there is a willingness to maintain the facilities, a shortage of expertise may be a drawback. Personnel with the technical know-how may not be readily available to take care of the faults. Despite the many challenges, getting the power sector up and running is paramount.
a)
In three sentences, one for each, summarise three benefits of constant power supply.
b)
In three sentences, one for each, summarise three problems that impede adequate power supply in developing countries.