PART A
LEXIS AND STRUCTURE
SECTION I
In each of the following sentences, there is a word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A to D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentence.
1.
Even in trying situations, people should react in a courteous, not in a ...... way.
violent
vengeful
remorseful
resentful
2.
Even though the president gave his assent to the appointments, others expressed ......
disapproval
disregard
disrespect
dismay
3.
Climbing that mountain was arduous but the descent was ......
slippery
curvy
bumpy
easy
4.
The two products have diverse attributes, yet they are ......
presentable
comparable
marketable
preferable
5.
If you are appalled by an experience, you cannot suddenly be ...... by it
encouraged
informed
excited
influenced
6.
Skeptics view as fantasy what others hold as ......
normal
trivial
dear
fact
7.
As I studied more, my interest in the subject rather intensified; it did not ......
recede
reverse
wane
waive
8.
Provocative acts inflame passions; they do not ...... them.
prevent
soothe
distort
manage
9.
All the fragile items were carefully packed into ...... boxes.
compact
heavy
massive
sturdy
10.
As conditions continue to deteriorate, steps should be taken to ...... them.
eliminate
ameliorate
activate
elevate.
SECTION II
From the words lettered A to D, choose the one that best completes each of the following sentences.
11.
He has no ...... reason for stealing the gadgets.
significant
relevant
plausible
remarkable
12.
The team won the ...... match to qualify for the final stage.
conditional
crucial
critical
principal
13.
The article ...... considerable light on the author's writings.
sheds
convoys
express
exposes
14.
The need to feel wanted is an ...... part of human nature.
appropriate
integral
assured
expected
15.
The report was a ...... distortion of what actually happened.
large
major
mass
gross
16.
Political unrest causes millions all over the world to be ......
dislocated
displaced
dismantled
disorganised
17.
The reference dictionary provided ...... answers to the question.
constructive
qualitative
informative
satisfactory
18.
Mabel's honesty ...... the attention of the superior officers.
seized
grabbed
caught
caused
19.
......, the experience I went through helped me to grow in life.
In retrospect
In review
In perspective
In reverse
20.
We presented the documents as a ......
formality
commendation
custom
necessity
SECTION III
Choose from the alternatives lettered A to D one which is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or expression in each sentence.
21.
Financing huge projects is a daunting task.
significant
formidable
heavy
harsh
22.
The students were cautioned not to succumb to peer pressure.
cling to
participate
associate with
give in to
23.
Sometimes lack of information can be as fatal as misinformation.
viral
serious
deadly
vital
24.
You should always be receptive to good ideas.
responsive
amenable
permissive
addicted
25.
After ten years, the firm completed the prestigious project.
outstanding
treasured
gigantic
expensive
26.
The King appeared resplendent in his regalia.
wonderful
strange
majestic
powerful
27.
The law imposes certain inhibitions on citizens' behavior.
conditions
sanctions
implications
restrictions
28.
The birth of a child eclipses the pains of labour.
eliminates
lightens
soothes
overshadows
29.
Creative artists mimic nature in their work.
mould
imitate
record
conserve
30.
The invention of printing has saved many words from oblivion.
disuse
archaism
obscurity
misuse
SECTION IV
After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of all or part of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
31.
It is unfortunate that our natural resources are being exploited for a pittance. This means that
just enough capital is needed
they have no market value
they are not put to good use
hardly enough profit is made
32.
Halidu supported the team through thick and thin. This means he supported the team
on and off.
as situations demanded.
even when there were difficulties.
to some extent.
33.
The instructions were written in black and white. This means that they were
clear.
abstract.
absurd.
confusing.
34.
Regi's observations do fly in the face of reason. This means that they
are too many.
are not objective.
do not make sense.
do not reflect current views.
35.
The team won the match fair and square. This means that they won
without much stress.
without controversy.
by the rules.
by penalties.
36.
There is danger looming on the horizon. This means that danger is
everywhere.
imaginary.
imminent.
curtailed
37.
Homo's music mirrors the feelings of optimism in the country. This means that the music
touches hearts.
is worthy of emulation.
contains modern ideas.
reflects hope.
38.
The pursuit of wealth should not be an end in itself. This means that wealth should not be
the desired means of living.
enjoyed by one person.
the sole objective.
condemned totally
39.
When the alarm went off, the thief showed a clean pair of heels. This means that the thief
ran away.
hid himself.
surrendered himself.
feel down.
40.
Last night's experience made Abena's hair stand on end. This means Abena was
excited
embarrassed
annoyed
frightened
SECTION V
In the following passage the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the list below the passage, four choices are offered in columns lettered A to D. For each numbered gap, choose from the options provided for that number, the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
The continued existence of all living things, whether animals or plants depends on the ---41--- balance of the plant. It is therefore of vital importance to maintain it. This can be done by creating forest reserves which ensure a constant supply of oxygen and other substances that are ---42--- to humans. Animals provide useful services like seed ---43---. Insects also help plants to thrive through ---44---, thus creating an enabling environment.
Tourists derive intense pleasure in watching animals in their natural ---45---. The problem is that ---46--- species of animals are being endangered. Some are already reduced to a handful and face ---47---. Conservationists, therefore, endeavour to rear a few survivors in captivity and release them back into the wild where they ---48--- in protected areas. ---49--- patrol these zones to check the activities of ---50--- who kill animals for sport and commercial purposes.
41.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
ecological
environmental
biological
botanical
42.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
lucrative
clinical
beneficial
familiar
43.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
germination
planting
dispersal
spreading
44.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
cultivation
pollination
conservation
propagation
45.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
surroundings
localities
environs
habitats
46.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
rare
scarce
unusual
unknown
47.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
extinction
cessation
stagnation
hibernation
48.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
multiply
produce
breed
increase
49.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
Activists
Rangers
Protectors
Agents
50.
Choose the word that is most suitable to fill the gap.
hunters
butchers
poachers
traders
Answer three questions in all: one question from section A and all the questions in Sections B and C.
SECTION A
ESSAY
Answer one question only from this section.
All questions carry equal marks. Your answer should not be less than 450 words.
You are advised to spend about 50 minutes on this section.
You have just completed a training course in which you learnt a skill. Write a letter to your friend who did not attend the training course telling him/her the skill you learnt and what you intend to do with it.
Write an article suitable for publication in one of the national newspapers on lawlessness among the youth in your country and suggest ways of curbing it.
The District Chief Executive has invited views from the public on how to bring about improvement in the community. Write a letter to him, as the president of the local welfare society, expressing at least three views.
You are the main speaker in a debate on the topic: Social media platforms have done more harm than good to society. Write your argument for or against the motion.
Write a story which illustrates the saying: Excessive love of money can lead one into danger.
SECTION B
COMPREHENSION
You are advised to spend about 30 minutes on this section.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it.
"Thief! Thief! Thief!" People came rushing from different directions chasing after the thief. "Enough of this drama in this vicinity", shouted Ayambile who was beginning to get agitated at the numerous times the same word has been echoed.
It was barely two weeks ago when a similar incident occurred just across Chief Bola's mansion. A crowd had gathered only to be confronted with a different story. It was a mentally challenged man sitting on Chief's gigantic wall. Was that not a shame? Could people not differentiate between a thief and a mentally challenged man?
But this time, it was definitely different. It was a petty thief. Someone had entered Alhaji Musa's cassava garden behind his house and had been rounded up by the inhabitants. This one who claimed to be known as "Baby Boy" was shown no mercy. The angry youth in the area demonstrated their displeasure by beating him mercilessly. He was nearly lynched but for the timely intervention of the policemen on patrol. All for what? Stealing cassava? Probably, he was hungry and was looking for something to satisfy the hunger.
While the beating was going on, a shrill voice came from the far end of the still massing crowd. A pregnant woman who was on the verge of giving birth fell to the ground and claimed "Baby Boy" was the man who impregnated her and pleaded that he should be shown mercy. "He was hungry and was only looking for something to feed his family. Blame it on the economy, not on him", she said. The crowd together with the policemen burst into laughter. "Can government be blamed for an offence committed by a lazy man who had vehemently refused to look for a job?" shouted Ayambile. He had observed "Baby Boy" since they were both in school. He would not study, he would play truant as often as he could. No wonder he became a school dropout. He had been stealing from innocent people since. What could be expected? After all, the devil finds work for idle hands. "Baby Boy", together with his weeping woman were sent to the police station for questioning while the angry mob dispersed.
a)
What made Ayambile feel so agitated?
b)
Which incident occurred a fortnight ago?
c)
How did the people react to the pregnant woman's plea?
d)
What prevented "Baby Boy" from being lynched?
e)
What was Ayambile's opinion of the thief?
f)
...... who was on the verge of giving birth ...
i)
What is the grammatical name given to this expression as it is used in the passage?
ii)
What is its function?
g)
The devil finds work for idle hands. What does this statement mean?
h)
For each of the following words, find another word or phrase which means the same and which can replace it as it is used in the passage:
i)
agitated;
ii)
gigantic;
ii)
rounded up;
iii)
timely;
iv)
shrill;
v)
vehemently.
SECTION C
You are advised to spend about 40 minutes on this section.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it.
Knowledge is everywhere. There is no limit to how much one can learn and where knowledge can come from. The television, a viable means of entertainment, is particularly valuable as a means of acquiring knowledge. Verbal explanations that characterise classroom learning have a tendency to be repetitive and unexciting. Learning materials on television are arranged in colours and pictures and these help to reduce the high incidence of teacher talk in the classroom. Motion pictures, on the other hand are gripping and they help viewers to stay focused. Using television for teaching and learning is also effective as learners can access information wherever they are. This is quite unique in that learners can sit in the comfort of their homes and acquire knowledge easily. Thus, the television presents a different way of knowledge acquisition from what books or lectures provide.
It appears then that the television is the ideal tool for imparting knowledge. It is however not without its limitations. One of these is that a viewer may forget to tune in to the desired programme since there could be other activities vying for one's attention. So, taking mental note of television programmes may not feature on many people's priority list. Even when one remembers to tune in, the atmosphere may not be conducive to watching a television programme for learning. Noise, movements and other forms of distraction can impede learning from a television programme.
Presenters of teaching and learning materials on television are not physically accessible to viewers. This makes it difficult for viewers to interact through asking questions and receiving immediate feedback. Thus, viewers' understanding of what is being taught may be impaired. They may therefore not be able to organise and develop the insights gained logically in a written form. Time is also a crucial element in producing any learning material on television. So much information is usually packed into a short time and the pressure on viewers to obtain maximum learning within this short period is immense. Very often, therefore viewers' attention span is tasked and in no time they lose interest in the entire learning process.
Even when a viewer endures to the end, recalling and writing the content usually become a herculean task. Reading a book may be difficult, but one is in control of the process and can always flip back through the pages as necessary. This is not possible with television. Whatever the viewer is unable to grasp at any point is lost. The transient nature of television programmes makes them least suitable for learning.
Besides viewers' constraints, other factors involving production militate against producing educational programmes on television. The fact is that producers do not have enough sponsors and without sponsorship, television airtime may be too expensive. This makes the production of television educational programmes unattractive.
Although there appears to be more downsides than benefits to using television as a means of teaching, most of the drawbacks are surmountable. Topics may be discussed in modules and there could be repeat broadcasts. If Non-Governmental Organisations take interest in such programmes and sponsor them, there would be no financial pressure on producers. There could also be phone-in segments or social media platforms where interactions could continue.
a)
In two sentences, one for each, state two advantages of using the television for teaching and learning.
b)
In four sentences, one for each. state four problems associated with using the television for teaching and learning.